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C Science Sylllabus

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Ali Sufian
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20 views5 pages

C Science Sylllabus

Uploaded by

Ali Sufian
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Day 1: Data Representation

1.1 Number Systems

Objective: Understand different number systems and how data is represented.

Topics:

●​ Binary (Base-2): Numbers using 0s and 1s.​

○​ Example 1: Convert 1010 (binary) to decimal.


■​ Solution: (1×23)+(0×22)+(1×21)+(0×20)=10(1 \times 2^3) + (0
\times 2^2) + (1 \times 2^1) + (0 \times 2^0) = 10.
○​ Example 2: Convert 13 (decimal) to binary.
■​ Solution: 13÷2=6R113 \div 2 = 6R1, 6÷2=3R06 \div 2 = 3R0,
3÷2=1R13 \div 2 = 1R1, 1÷2=0R11 \div 2 = 0R1. Answer: 1101.
○​ Example 3: Represent the decimal number 8 in binary.
■​ Answer: 1000.
●​ Decimal (Base-10): Everyday numbers we use.​

○​ Example 1: Add 123+456=579.


○​ Example 2: Explain positional value (units, tens, hundreds).
○​ Example 3: Represent 1542 in expanded form.
●​ Hexadecimal (Base-16): Uses digits 0–9 and letters A–F.​

○​ Example 1: Convert 2F2F (hexadecimal) to decimal.


■​ Solution: (2×161)+(15×160)=47(2 \times 16^1) + (15 \times 16^0) =
47.
○​ Example 2: Convert 255 (decimal) to hexadecimal.
■​ Solution: 255÷16=15R15255 \div 16 = 15R15. Answer: FF.
○​ Example 3: How is hexadecimal used in colors?
■​ Answer: Hexadecimal codes (e.g., #FFFFFF for white).

Teaching Strategy:

●​ Use charts comparing number systems.


●​ Practice converting between systems step-by-step.
●​ Provide extra worksheets for binary and hexadecimal conversions.

1.2 Text, Sound, and Images

Objective: Learn how computers represent text, sound, and images.

Topics:
●​ Text: ASCII and Unicode.​

○​ ASCII Example: Represent "A" in ASCII (binary: 01000001).


○​ Unicode Example: Represent "प" (Hindi character) in Unicode (binary:
11100001).
○​ Example 3: Why is Unicode better than ASCII? (It supports more
languages).
●​ Sound: Stored as binary values of sound waves.​

○​ Example 1: Sampling rate explanation: Higher sampling rate = better


quality.
○​ Example 2: MP3 vs. WAV (compressed vs. uncompressed sound).
○​ Example 3: Draw a waveform for a simple "beep."
●​ Images: Represented as pixels.​

○​ Example 1: Explain RGB values (e.g., Red = 255, 0, 0).


○​ Example 2: Compression: JPG vs. PNG.
○​ Example 3: Why are higher resolutions better? (More pixels = more detail).

Teaching Strategy:

●​ Use diagrams to show how text, sound, and images are encoded.
●​ Create activities like encoding short messages in ASCII.
●​ Use free software to demonstrate image pixelation or sound waves.

Day 2: Data Storage and Compression


1.3 Data Storage and Compression

Objective: Learn how computers store data efficiently.

Topics:

●​ Data Storage Units: Bits, bytes, KB, MB, GB, TB.​

○​ Example 1: How many bits in 1 byte? (Answer: 8).


○​ Example 2: If a file is 1 MB, how many bytes? (Answer:
1×1024×1024=1,048,5761 \times 1024 \times 1024 = 1,048,576).
○​ Example 3: Difference between volatile and non-volatile memory.
●​ Compression: Lossless vs. Lossy.​

○​ Example 1: ZIP file (lossless compression).


○​ Example 2: MP3 file (lossy compression).
○​ Example 3: Why is compression useful for streaming? (Saves bandwidth).
Teaching Strategy:

●​ Use real-life examples: How much data is stored in a photo or a movie.


●​ Demonstrate compressing a file on a computer.
●​ Discuss trade-offs: File size vs. quality.

Day 3: Data Transmission


2.1 Types and Methods of Data Transmission

Objective: Understand how data is transmitted.

Topics:

●​ Types of Transmission: Simplex, Half-Duplex, Full-Duplex.​

○​ Example 1: Radio broadcast (simplex).


○​ Example 2: Walkie-talkie (half-duplex).
○​ Example 3: Telephone call (full-duplex).
●​ Transmission Mediums: Wired and Wireless.​

○​ Example 1: Fiber optic cables (wired).


○​ Example 2: Wi-Fi (wireless).
○​ Example 3: Advantages of wireless (mobility).

2.2 Methods of Error Detection

Objective: Learn how errors are detected in data transmission.

Topics:

●​ Parity Bits: Adds 1 or 0 to maintain even or odd parity.


○​ Example 1: Transmitting 1010 with even parity (Answer: 10101).
●​ Checksum: Summing data blocks.
○​ Example 2: Data block 1234, checksum 10.
●​ CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check): For large data blocks.

2.3 Encryption

Objective: Protect data using encryption.

Topics:
●​ Types of Encryption: Symmetric and Asymmetric.
○​ Example 1: Password encryption.
○​ Example 2: RSA public-key encryption.

Day 4: Hardware
3.2 Input and Output Devices

Objective: Understand various input and output devices.

Topics:

●​ Input Devices: Mouse, Keyboard, Scanner.​

○​ Example 1: Optical scanner for barcodes.


○​ Example 2: Touchscreen as both input and output.
●​ Output Devices: Monitors, Printers, Speakers.​

○​ Example 1: Inkjet vs. Laser printers.

3.3 Data Storage

Objective: Learn about storage devices.

Topics:

●​ Primary Storage: RAM, Cache.


●​ Secondary Storage: Hard Drives, SSDs.

3.4 Network Hardware

Objective: Learn about hardware used in networks.

Topics:

●​ Router: Directs data between networks.


●​ Switch: Connects devices within a network.
This detailed syllabus includes step-by-step learning for each day, focusing on simple
language and examples to ensure understanding. Let me know if you'd like additional
materials!

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