The room we are going to model in camel is as seen in the figure below.

It has
two glass walls and two concrete walls. The concrete walls have a window each
of size 400mm by 400mm. The height of the room is 4m and each wall has a
width of 5m. It is an office space. The steps taken to calculate the heat load of
this room using Camel is shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1: Room Configuration

1. To create a new project, click the create new project button at the top

Figure 2: Create Project

2. The project summary screen is what you will see when you first open the
project. It displays all the AHUs, zones and rooms that are set up in the
 project. Here, you can check that all your inputs are valid and the
calculations are ready to be run. You can also click on the ticks or crosses
to navigate to the respective tabs.

Figure 3: Project Summary

3. When you click on the project data tab, the project screen shows up and
you can put in your project title, select weather location and ambient
design conditions as well as specify building rotation. In this case, the
building is located in Victoria and is using the Melbourne regional office
weather file for outdoor conditions. We will also be using the design
conditions based on weather data from the year 2000 to 2021.

Figure 4: Project Data

4. Next is the building rotation which can be adjusted using the + and –
buttons or by entering the angle in degrees. The angle nominated is the
rotation from true north to the building north. As seen in Figure 1, the
North orientation is 40 degrees clockwise.
 Figure 5: Building Rotation

5. In the shading screen, you can set up shadings that can later be applied to
windows and walls on the external tab. The overhang is defined by the
series of input parameters seen in Figure 6.

Figure 6: Shading

You can bring up a help tab for each input by holding down alt and left clicking on
the input field. This brings up an explanation of what each parameter represents,
this works for most of the input fields in camel.
6. In the windows tab, you can define your windows that can later be added
to the external walls entered in the external tab. Each window must have
its own unique title and you can enter the window height and width. In the
u-value field you need to enter the overall u-value for the window
assembly including the frame. In the case that the data may only include
the u-value for the glass itself, an appropriate correction factor may need
to be applied to give the overall u-value. The next parameter you'll need
to enter is the shade factor which relates to the portion of the solar heat
gain passing through the glass into the room. This can be calculated using
a conversion factor of the solar heat gain coefficient. The frame shade
factor correction parameter applies a correction to the shade factor
entered above to account for the frame of the window and give the shade
 factor for the overall window assembly. The internal shading is the last
input on this page where you simply enter a yes or no depending on
whether the window has internal blinds or curtains.

Figure 7: Windows Screen

In this example, we are going to input the 400mm by 400mm windows

with a u-value of 2.5 and shade factor of 0.28. The entered Shade Factor
includes an allowance for the frame, so the Frame Shade Factor Correction
is entered as 1.0. We want to do the same for the wall that is entirely
glass, so define a 4m by 5m window that would cover the entire wall.

Figure 8: Window Types

7. The next tab is the walls tab where we can define custom wall or roof
types. Enter the wall type and the u-value in watts per meter squared
kelvin and the surface density of the wall in kilograms per meter squared.
You can also click to view the standard libraries for the walls and roofs.
 Figure 9: Walls Screen

In this case, I will name the wall W1, use a u-value of 0.9 and surface
density of 360. For the roof, I will name it R1, use the standard roof R1 as
seen below.

Figure 10: Wall and Roof Types

8. We will now go back to the main menu and into the AHU, Zone and Room
tab.

Figure 11: Main menu

 You can click the show all button at the top right to display data of all the
AHUs.

Figure 12: Show All Button

This is where you will set up all the AHUs in the project to find the zones
and rooms that these AHUs serve and input both the external and internal
loads that these rooms are subject to.

9. Here you can enter the AHU title, the number of copies of the AHU, select
the system type. You can input your room design conditions, summer
being internal design temperature in cooling mode and winter being your
internal design temperature in heating mode

Figure 13: AHU Screen

You can add an AHU by clicking the plus button and enter a name from the
AHU and you can even copy across input data from a different AHU

Figure 14: Add AHU

10.The next tab is the AHU coil tab, and this is where you can choose whether
the cooling calculation method will use the specified coil bypass factor, a
fixed leaving air condition or a fixed supply air quantity. In this case we will
be using a bypass factor of 0.1.

Figure 15:AHU Coil Type

In the cool and heat safe column, you can enter your overall cooling and
heating safety factors as a percentage of room total heat to account for
any uncertainty in your inputs. Here, I will be using 5%

Figure 16: Cool and Heat Safe

11.The following tab is the Zones and Rooms tab. This screen is where you'll
enter inputs related to each of the individual room you have set up in your
project. Basic inputs here include the room title, number of rooms, floor
area and ceiling height. The storage mass input is in kilograms per meter
squared and relates to the thermal inertia of the room construction. I will
be using 250 here.

Figure 17: Zones and Rooms Column

You can enter your outdoor air here, there are different units to choose
from depending on your requirements. I will be using the outside air
requirements from the Australian Standards AS_1668.2 that states that the
minimum outdoor airflow rate for an office is 10 L/s per person. Finally,
you can enter in your supply duct gain for the room either as a fixed
 kilowatt heat gain or a percentage of the room sensible heat and you can
enter a percentage for your supply air leakage loss here. I had used 3% for
each.

Figure 18: Zones and Rooms Screen

To add a room just click the plus button beside the select room drop down
list.

Figure 19: Add Room Button

12.In the next tab, the external tab, we will set up all the external walls and
roofs for each room. First, you set the exposure or orientation of the
surface. If you right click on the exposure column, a pop-up window will
display giving you different options for wall orientation. In this case the
first surface we will add is the wall on the right which is facing East based
on the North orientation.

Figure 20: Exposure Pop-up Window

 Since our room has four external walls and one roof, click the add surface
button until there are five rows for the five different surfaces. Enter the
orientation of each wall and for the roof, click on the SUN option in the roof
type and orientation. Then, add in the wall heights and widths in mm.

Figure 21: External Surfaces

13.In the shading scheme column, you can add any overhangs that you have
defined earlier in the overhang section but in this case, we don’t have
overhangs so we can leave it blank. In the wall/roof column, you can add
in the wall/roof you have defined earlier in the project data section. The
absorptivity section is the absorptivity of the wall or roof. If you hold down
alt and left click on this column you can see the typical values for different
colours of walls/roofs. In this case we will just use the value for a medium
colour wall which is 0.7.

Figure 22: Wall/Roof Absorptivity

Then, in the windows/skylight option, right click on the type column and
chose the windows that were defined earlier. The South and West walls
have one 400mm by 400mm window each and the East and North walls
would use the 4m by 5m window as the entire wall is glass.
 Figure 23: Window Type

You can adjust the position of the window in the V-off and H-off column.
The V-off is the distance the window is from the ground and H-off is the
distance of it from the left edge of the wall. You can see a preview of what
the wall looks like on the right side of the screen to ensure you have the
window in the correct position.

Figure 24: Window Preview

In this case, I’m placing the windows in the positions as seen below.

Figure 25: Window Orientation

14.If the building has adjacent shading, then the inputs can be provided to
capture the shading.

15.In the partitions tab, you can add in any walls or ceilings that are adjacent
to unconditioned spaces or spaces that are conditioned to a different
temperature. You enter the area of the partition, u-value and the
temperature of the adjacent space in both cooling and heating mode. We
will leave this blank for this example as the room does not have adjacent
spaces.

Figure 26: Partitions Tab

16.The final tab in this section is the internal tab where you can enter the
internal loads of the room. In the people column, you can add the room
occupancy by either specifying a fixed number of people in the room or
using an area-based occupancy such as people per 10 square meters or
metre squared of floor area per person. The schedule number is an
optional input and allows you to assign a load schedule to the load in
question. If you don't enter anything in here camel will assume that 100 of
the load is applied between the default plan operating hours entered in on
the project screen.

Activity ID is a required field, right click this cell to bring up a menu where
you can choose the closest option to what the people are doing in this
room.
 Figure 27: Activity ID Options

Moving on to the lighting loads, you can specify a fixed kilowatt heat load
or a watts per meter squared value and then you enter the corresponding
value into the load field. Then, you can enter sensible and latent loads.

In this case, we will use the people load from the AS-1668.2 which is 10
Floor area/person for an office and we will use the activity ID of 3 which is
seated very light work. The light load is taken from the national code of
construct which is 3 W per metre squared.

Figure 28: Internal Screen

17.Now that you’re done with the inputs, it’s time to calculate the results.
Head back to the main menu and click the calculate button to view the
results.
 Figure 29: Calculate Button

18.If you want to export the results on to an excel sheet, click on the printing
tab and then click on the excel logo on the top right of the page.

Figure 30: Printing Button

Figure 31: Excel Export Button