2 Ways ansible can
1) adhoc commands
2) playbooks
adhoc commands
----------------
Important modules in ansible
1) command - This module is used for executing basic linux commands on managed
nodes.
2) shell - This module is used to execute commands which involved redirection and
piping and to execute shell scripts on managed nodes.
3) ping -- This module is used to check if the remote server is pingable or not.
4) user -- This module is used for user management like create user, setting
password, assign home directory etc
5) copy -- This module is used to copy the files and folders from controller to
managed nodes
6) fetch -- This module is used to copy files and folder from managed nodes to
controller
7) file -- This module is used for creating or deleting files and folders on
managed nodes.
8) stat -- Used to capture detailed information about files and folders present
in managed nodes.
9) debug -- Used to display output of any module
10) apt -- Used for performing package management on managed nodes ie installing
softwares / upgrading repositories etc . It works on ubuntu, debain flavours of
linux.
11) yum -- similar to apt module. It works on Red hat linux, centos etc
12) git -- used to perform git version controlling on managed nodes
13) replace -- This is used to replace specific text in configuration file with
some other text.
14) service -- used for starting / stoping / restarting services on managed nodes.
15) include -- Used for calling child play books from parent play book
16) uri -- useful in checking if remote url is reachable or not.
17) docker_container -- used to execute docker commands related to container
management on managed nodes
18) docker_image -- used to execute commands related to docker images on managed
nodes.
19) docker_login -- used to login to docker hub from managed nodes.
20) setup -- used to capturing system information related to the managed nodes.
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
$ ansible all -i /etc/ansible/hosts -m command -a 'free'
$ ansible all -i /etc/ansible/hosts -m command -a 'touch file1'
To check the file which is created
$ ssh 172.31.2.173 ( this command will go that machine )
$ ls
$ exit ( to come back to controller )
++++++++++++++++
To install docker in all managed nodes
$ ansible all -i /etc/ansible/hosts -m shell -a 'curl -fsSL
https://get.docker.com -o get-docker.sh'
$ ansible all -i /etc/ansible/hosts -m shell -a 'sh get-docker.sh'
+++++++++++++
To check docker is installed or not
$ ssh 172.31.2.173
$ docker --version
$ exit ( to come back to controller )
+++++++++++++++++
Notes:
Ansible performs remote configurations in 2 ways
1) using adhoc commands
2) using play books
Syntx of adhoc commands
$ ansible all/group_name/ipaddress -i path_of_inventory_file -m modulename -a
'arguments'
+++++++++++++++++
Ansible command module to check the memory info on all managed nodes
$ ansible all -i /etc/ansible/hosts -m command -a 'free'
++++++++++++++++++
To open the default inventory file
$ sudo vim /etc/ansible/hosts
( Observation: 3 ip address are available )
+++++++++++++++++
Now, I copy the first two IP address ( in a new notepad file )
quit the inventory file
+++++++++++++
Create my own inventory file
$ vim myinventory
go to insert mode
paste two ip address
save and quit
+++++++++++
To check the inventory file
$ cat myinventory
+++++++++++
$ ansible all -i myinventory -m command -a 'free'
Observation: free command works on only two machines
+++++++++++++
If you do not mention the inventory file, it takes default inventory file.
ex:
$ ansible all -m command -a 'free'
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
command module is the default module in ansible
$ ansible all -a 'free'
++++++++++++++++++++++
Note:
The defualt inventory file is /etc/ansible/hosts and when using this inventory
file, we need not use -i option.
ex:
$ ansible all -m command -a 'free'
The default module is module. When using command module we need not use -m option
ex:
$ ansible all -a 'free'
Shell Module
----------------
ansible command to execute ls -la and store the output into file1 on all the
managed nodes.
$ ansible all -m shell -a 'ls -la > file2'
To check the file which is created
$ ssh 172.31.12.239
$ ls
$ exit ( to come back to controller )
+++++++++++++++
command to install docker on all managed nodes
$ ansible all -m shell -a 'curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com -o get-docker.sh'
$ ansible all -m shell -a 'sh get-docker.sh'
++++++++++++++++++++++++
User Module:
( From controller )
To create new user
$ sudo useradd sai
$ vim /etc/passwd ( User will be created in this file )
To set the password
$ sudo passwd sai ( sai is the username)
+++++++++++
Now, i want to create user in all managed nodes
$ ansible all -m user -a 'name=anu password=sunil'
( we ger error : permission denied )
$ ansible all -m user -a 'name=anu password=sunil' -b ( become , for higher
privileges on managed nodes )
++++++++++++++
To check if user is create or not
$ ssh 172.31.12.239
$ vim /etc/passwd
$ exit
+++++++++++++++++++++
Command to create user and set home directory, user id, default working shell etc
Another example
$ ansible all -m user -a 'name=Ravi password=freefree uid=1234 comment="A regular
user" home=/home/ubuntu/Ravi shell=/bin/bash' -b
To check for the new user
$ ssh 172.31.44.218
$ vim /etc/passwd
++++++++++
Install git in all managed nodes
--------------------------------
$ ansible all -m apt -a 'name=git state=present' -b
Observation:
We get "changed": false
( That means git is already installed on it. The command has no effect in the
nodes)
Now , run the below command
$ ansible all -m apt -a 'name=git state=absent' -b
( absent means - uninstall )
output, we get in yellow color
( scroll up ) we get "changed":true
( The command is effected the instance )
Now if we run the below command ( with present option )
$ ansible all -m apt -a 'name=git state=present' -b
we get "changed":true
Notes:
apt module -- This is used for package management.
1) ansible all -m apt -a 'name=git state=present' -b
state=present is for installation
state=latest for upgradation
state=absent for uninstallation
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
I wan to update apt-repositoty and install tomcat8
ansible all -m apt -a 'name=tomcat8 state=present update_cache=yes' -b
The above command will update apt repository and install tomcat8
To update apt-repository on managed nodes update_cache=yes is used
+++++++++++++++++++++++++
