5 Statistics & Probability
5 Statistics & Probability
Data for 10 students' History and Zoography test scores are provided in the
chart. Describe the association between the History and Zoography scores.
Student 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
History 60 55 80 39 50 20 75 68 49 90
Zoography 69 70 80 39 60 25 70 60 40 96
Explanation:
A scatter plot shows a negative trend if one value tends to increase and the
other tends to decrease.
120
100
80
Zoography
60
40
20
0
0 20 40 60 80 100
History
120
100
80
60
Zoography
40
20
0
0 20 40 60 80 100
History
This would indicate that if you have a high History grade, you would also
have a high Zoography grade.
1) The table below shows the number of men and women over 10 very small
towns. Describe the association between the population of men and women.
Town 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Men 55 90 68 39 19 25 84 99 78 81
Woman 90 40 22 47 84 71 11 60 50 39
2) The data below is for 10 shops. The data shows the number of sales of
crackers and lights at these shops. Describe the association between the
sales of crackers and lights.
Shop 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Cracker 35 55 70 80 69 48 69 78 49 90
Light 47 71 55 63 12 87 74 98 40 96
3) Marcia and Jack took their weight on the first day of each new year for
10 years. Describe the association between the weight of Marcia and Jack.
Year 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Marcia 35 55 70 80 69 48 69 78 49 90
Jack 47 71 55 63 12 87 74 98 40 96
1. Following is 10 days of data which shows the sale of apples and mangoes.
Describe the association between the apple and mango sales.
Days 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Apple 62 49 81 26 45 55 16 74 97 34
Mango 36 44 49 37 26 11 76 83 64 81
2. The chart shows the number of books and pens purchased for 10
students. Describe the association between the purchase of books and pens.
Student 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Books 35 55 70 80 69 48 69 78 49 90
Pens 47 71 55 63 12 87 74 98 40 96
3. The chart shows the number of men and women to attend a college class
over 10 years. Describe the association between the number of men and
women.
Year 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Men 22 47 84 12 26 33 44 54 71 68
Women 22 58 61 53 43 81 86 94 50 94
4. The food committee followed the lunch habits of 10 students. The chart
displays the number of times they had pizza and burgers for lunch. Describe
the association between the students eating pizza and eating burgers.
Student 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Pizza 34 69 42 12 22 54 66 29 54 37
Burger 40 26 37 85 78 34 98 47 76 50
5. The trainer keeps records for 10 years. She tracked Julia’s and Lila’s
weight in kg. Describe the association between the weight of Julia and Lila.
Year 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Julia 13 18 14 24 20 30 35 19 23 27
Lila 14 17 20 29 31 48 34 25 26 19
6. The table below shows 10 years of data on the sales of discount jeans and
shirts at Able Fashions. Describe the association between the number of
sales of jeans and shirts.
Year 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Jeans 46 50 42 55 35 39 46 47 50 62
Shirt 32 47 63 52 41 43 39 47 39 56
7. For one year, we track the number of times a child had ice cream or
chocolate. Describe the association between the consumption of ice cream
and chocolate by kids.
Children 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Ice cream 56 72 88 42 66 71 70 81 85 90
Chocolate 64 45 55 58 49 87 47 89 60 86
8. Mr. Mike runs the air conditioning and fan throughout the day to stay
cool. He charts the monthly electric bill caused by the fan and A.C. Describe
the association between the cost of electric for the fan and A.C.
Year 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Fan 15 20 25 30 24 28 45 50 40 55
A.C 20 24 29 34 32 40 39 45 50 51
9. The circus performs 10 times. Each time they keep data on the number of
water bottles and lunch boxes sold. Describe the association between the
sale of water bottles and lunch boxes.
Days 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Water 20 31 34 39 27 45 58 29 14 64
bottle
Lunch box 67 62 57 52 27 49 44 25 20 19
10. Galileo and Bhatt tracked the number of times they could jump rope
without stopping on the first of every year. Describe the association between
number of times they could jump rope.
Year 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Galileo 40 55 69 36 69 78 69 89 49 83
Bhatt 47 48 55 63 96 87 96 98 94 38
Find the associations between the data that is charted in each case.
Year 1 2 3 4 5
Goldfish 13 18 19 20 25
Star fish 30 25 20 15 12
Negative
_______ b. association
2. Below is data for 5 years showing
Jonny's and Jack's weight in kg. Describe
the association between the weight of Jonny
and Jack.
Year 1 2 3 4 5
Jonny 30 40 42 49 52
Jack 30 35 40 45 50
Days 1 2 3 4 5
Watermelon 70 26 60 19 70
Potato 10 40 15 80 22
Student 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Sandwich 10 12 19 17 16 20 15 16 13 14
Burger 18 14 13 12 15 23 21 19 17 20
Year 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
T- 15 19 17 18 10 12 13 14 20 22
shirt
Jeans 13 19 16 17 18 19 20 22 24 26
3. For one year, we track the number of times a child had ice
cream or chocolate.
Describe the association between the consumption of ice cream
and chocolate by kids.
Year 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Ice- 23 56 20 30 39 45 47 62 52
cream
Chocolate 47 56 38 56 62 72 84 89 91
1. Mrs. Julia runs the air conditioning and fan throughout the day
to stay cool. She charts the monthly electric bill caused by the fan
and A.C. Describe the association between the cost of electric for
the fan and A.C.
Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
A.C. 20 16 18 36 25 34 18 28 17
Fan 25 36 24 15 17 69 25 36 14
2. The circus performs 10 times. Each time they keep data on the
number of water bottles and lunch boxes sold. Describe the
association between the sale of water bottles and lunch boxes.
Days 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Bottle 14 13 19 24 26 18 20 29 15
Lunch 11 13 14 21 27 29 18 16 15
box
Year 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
James 14 18 19 11 12 13 15 12 18
Olivia 18 11 12 14 15 16 18 17 12
Write the relationship between the prices of the items and the number of
items sold.
Explanation:
So, this graph indicates a steadily rising line of best fit. This indicates a
positive relationship between price of items and number of items sold.
This would indicate that the more an item costs, the more you would sell of
it.
2) Is there any relationship between the expenditure and the salary of the
employees in a company?
3) Is there any relationship between the tax and the inflation rate on
commodities?
1) Is there any relationship between the rebound height of a ball when it's
dropped and its second bounce height?
4) Is there any relationship between the sale of oil and the sale of vehicles?
5) Is there any relationship between the sale of pens and ink bottles?
6) Is there any relationship between sale of the coffee and the tea during
these seven months?
7) Is there any relationship between the use of cell phones and sim cards?
8) Is there any relationship between nail paint and nail polish remover sales?
10) Is there any relationship between the population and the number of
primary schools?
Leaf Leaf
Width(mm) length(mm)
8 7
15 11
30 17
45 23
4 4
Distance Time
travelled (km) (minutes)
10 15
35 25
20 18
14 30
30 28
2. Is there any relationship between the tree width and the tree
length?
Trees Width(mm) Length(mm)
American Larch 20 48
Butternut 26 43
Paper Birch 24 35
Pin Cherry 36 31
White Ash 38 26
3. Is there any relationship between the bath gel and bath wash
sales?
Cosmetics Brands Bath Gel Bath Wash
Calvin Klein 1500 2000
Korres 1300 1500
Loreal 1250 1600
Lavera 1050 1550
Manicare 900 1200
4. Is there any relationship between the boys and the girls in the
school?
School Names Boys Girls
Central Magnet School 1500 1100
Hopkinton Middle 1550 1200
School
Hale School 3000 4500
Edina Senior School 9000 7000
Monta Vista High 9500 7500
School
1. Is there any relationship between the sale of bags and the sale
of bottles?
Brands Bags Bottles
Adidas 1500 1450
Fastrack 1200 1150
Puma 1100 1050
Deisel 1000 950
Burberry 750 720
Gucci 600 550
2. Is there any relationship between the sale of locks and the sale
of keys?
Brands Locks Keys
Abloy 90 180
Aptus 85 170
Arrow 70 140
Barron 40 80
Bessam 20 40
Corni 15 30
The table below displays the hourly salaries of a company’s employees and
the number of years they were with the company (referred to as leaves).
Make a scatter gram of this data.
Leaves 6 4 2 3 7 9 0 1 2 3 6 4 3 1
Salaries
60 50 40 30 55 65 45 35 70 50 75 60 45 70
(In $)
Explanation:
We will plot the point in the graph according to the given data.
9
Y=x+2
8
1 x
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
y
10
2) Calculate the slope of the graph. 9
1 x
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Number of
2 4 5 1 7 4 6 1 3
dances
Students 5 15 25 2 20 8 10 1 12
9
y = 2x + 1
8
1
x
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
y
100
2) Calculate the slope of the graph. 90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10 x
0
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
3) We got data from a sugar factory. You have to make a scatter plot of
hours and wages.
Hour 8 6 10 9 4 12 14 5 2
Wages
300 200 500 400 100 700 1000 150 50
(In $)
y x 8
1
x
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
y
10
5) Calculate the slope of the graph. 9
1
x
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Bouquets 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Flowers 140 110 50 25 200 150 500 10 75 30
7) We are giving the inventory data of a bagel shop. You have to make a
scatter plot according to the data of the bagel boxes and bagels.
Bagel Box 10 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
Bagels 24 36 60 70 40 85 70 80 65
1
x
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1
x
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Cakes 10 12 1 15 5 8 7 10 11
Cherries 20 6 10 30 20 16 21 30 33
1
x
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1
x
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
No. of 8 10 15 12 19 25 20 14
Points
Student 15 20 18 40 24 12 35 32
Toys 6 4 8 6 9 10 2 3
No. of 12 16 20 15 24 30 5 7
toy box
cookies 10 22 15 12 24 19 20 22
cakes 8 18 16 10 23 28 14 30
Cup 5 4 10 12 25 16 18 8
Cone 25 20 17 20 15 10 8 14
y=x+8
10
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
y=x+3
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
The table shows the data collected from people from two areas of the city.
Name of the city Paying income tax Not Paying income tax
Area A 30 15
Area B 15 40
Explanation:
The two areas were surveyed as to whether people were paying income tax.
Area a = 66.67 %
= 72.72%
1) The table shows the number of players who are playing and not playing
the match. Calculate the percentage of Australian players who play during
the match.
2) The table below shows the number people of California and Arizona that
purchase sugar routinely. Calculate the percentage of people from California
that purchase sugar regularly.
3) The table below shows data collected from St. Anslem School. It tracks
the passing and failing marks on the recent test for grades seven and eight.
Find the percentage of students who passed the Grade 7 test.
1. The table shows the number of students who are interested in being
members of the band. Find the percentage of girls who do not want to be
members of the band.
2. The table below shows results of the survey of people of area X and Y.
The survey asked if you smoke. Calculate the percentage of area X that does
not smoke.
Area Smoking No Smoking
Area X 28 12
Area Y 35 45
3. The table below shows the population of Chicago and Galveston in years
1999 and 2000. Calculate the percentage increase of the population in
Chicago between 1999 and 2000.
Population Chicago Galveston
Year 1999 5678 7668
Year 2000 8308 9268
4. The table below shows numbers of rich and poor people in Alaska and
Arizona. Find the percentage of rich people in Arizona.
5. The given table shows the college students that are Science and Math
Majors and which type of computer they use primarily. Calculate the
percentage of Science students that use laptops.
7. 750 people from New York and 1,800 people from Houston were
surveyed. People were asked if they preferred Pepsi or Coca Cola. Calculate
the percentage of New Yorkers who prefer Coca Cola.
8. The table shows the number of women who are CPR certified. Calculate
the total percentage of women who are not certified in CPR.
9. The table below shows the number of people from areas a and b that
drive two and four wheeled vehicles. Calculate the percentage of people that
own two wheel vehicles in Area a.
10. The table below shows the number of people that wear Reebok and Nike
brand shoes in Alabama and Alaska. What is the percentage of people from
Alabama that wear Reebok shoes?
__ d. 47.36%
4. Area P and Q are being evaluated for the number
of people that live there that work in Government
and private sector. Calculate the percentage of
people that live in area P and work in Government
sector.
3. The table below shows the number of people that wear Adidas
and Puma brand shoes in Colorado and California. What is the
percentage of people from Colorado that wear Adidas shoes?
3. The table below shows the number of people that wear Lee and
Levis brand jeans in Michigan and Nebraska. What is the
percentage of people from Michigan that wear Levis jeans?