Date:………………………………………..

Unit 2: THE GENERATION GAP (Khoảng cách thế hệ)

Lesson 1: Getting started
*Vocabulary:
1. generation gap (n.ph.) / ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃn ɡæp/: khoảng cách thế hệ
2. behaviour (n) /bɪˈheɪvjə(r)/ : hành vi
3. nuclear family (n.ph.) /ˌnjuːkliə ˈfæməli/: gia đình hạt nhân
4. extended family (n.ph) /ɪkˌstendɪd ˈfæməli/ : gia đình nhiều thế hệ
5. follow in somebody’s footsteps (idiom): nối nghiệp/ kế nghiệp ai

*Activity 1: Listen and read:

Ms Hoa: Good morning, class. Today, we’ll talk about the generation gap. So, what is the generation
gap?
Mark: Well, I think it’s the difference in beliefs and behaviour between young and older people.
Ms Hoa: You’re right, Mark. So, is there a generation gap in your family?
Mark: Not really, Ms Hoa. I live in a nuclear family with my parents and brother. We understand
each other quite well though we still argue over small things.
Ms Hoa: Right. We can’t avoid daily arguments.
What about you, Mai?
Mai: Well, I live with my extended family, and I have to learn to accept the differences between
the generations.
Ms Hoa: That’s a good point. Can you give us an example?
Mai: Well, my grandparents hold traditional views of male jobs and gender roles. For example,
my grandfather wants my brother to be an engineer, but my brother hopes to become a
musician. And my grandmother thinks women have to do all the housework.
Ms Hoa: How about your parents? Do they share your grandparents’ views?
Mai: No, they don’t. They think that we should follow our dreams. They give us advice, but never
force us to follow in their footsteps.
Ms Hoa: Thank you, Mai, for sharing your experiences. You must respect your parents and
grandparents, but you should also express your opinion. Now let’s continue our discussion
with ….

*Activity 2. Find words or phrases in 1 that have the following meanings.

1. all people who were born at about the same time generation
2. a family that consists of a father, a mother, and children (a) nuclear family
3. a family that includes not only parents and children but also uncles, aunts, (an) extended family
grandparents, etc.
4. disagreements about things (an) extended family

*Activity 3. Complete the text based on the conversation in Task 1. Use the correct form of the verbs in
brackets.
1. Mai lives with her extended family, and she has to/ should learn to accept the differences
between the generations.
2. Mai’s grandmother thinks women have to/ should do all the housework.
3. Mai’s parents believe that children must/ should follow their dreams.
4. Ms Hoa thinks that children have to/ must respect their parents and grandparents.
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 Lesson 2: LANGUAGE
I. PRONUNCIATION: Pay attention to the contracted forms in the following sentences. What are their
full forms?
1. Today, we’ll talk about the generation gap.  _________________we will _________________
2. You’re right, Mark.  __________________You are________________
3. We can’t avoid daily arguments.  _________________cannot_________________
4. That’s a good point.  __________________That is________________
5. No, they don’t.  __________________do not_________________
6. Now let’s continue our discussion with …  _________________let us__________________
II. VOCABULARY:
1. Complete the sentences using the correct forms of the phrases in the box.

generational conflicts(2) traditional view(4) common characteristic(3) cultural values(1)

1. We all have ________________, and they can influence the way we treat other people.

2. When you live with your extended family, you have to deal with _____________________.

3. Each generation has its ______________________ that are influenced by social and economic conditions.

4. A _________________ is that men are the breadwinners in the family.

III. GRAMMAR:
Circle the correct answers to complete the sentences.
1. You must/mustn’t respect older people. You can learn some valuable lessons from them.
2. We don’t have to/have to wear uniforms on weekdays. It’s the rule at our school.
3. You should/mustn’t ask your parents for permission if you want to colour your hair.
4. In the past, women had to/must do all housework. It was one of their duties.
________________________________________________________

FURTHER PRACTICE
Exercise 1. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the
position of the primary stress in each of the following questions.
1. A. value B. afford C. depend D. impose
2. A. influence B. attitude C. counselor D. decision
3. A. donate B. compare C. campaign D. limit
4. A. experience B. mobility C. independence D. priorities
5. A. romantic B. infectious C. protective D. elegant
Exercise 2. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the
other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
6. A. focus B. open C. chore D. impose
7. A. generation B. advice C. typical D. elegant
8. A. manners B. conflicts C. objects D. viewpoints
9. A. decision B. impose C. arise D. organisation
10. A. restricted B. obliged C. respected D. beloved
Exercise 3. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the
underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
11. Although Mark is 25 years old, he always assists his mother to do the chores every day.
A. homework B. works C. housework D. exercises
12. Your table manners are awful - don't you know how to use a knife and fork?
A. etiquette B. rules C. behavior D. attitudes
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13. When their children are teenagers, many parents struggle to comprehend what's happening to them.
A. adults B. elders C. adolescents D. genders
14. Having a large extended family makes a number of problems inevitable.
A. profits B. issues C. views D. merits
15. Now that Jean’s got a job, she’s financially independent
A. self-collected B. self-confident C. self-confessed D. self-determining
Exercise 4. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the
underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
16. Having an extended family, however, did not always guarantee a role.
A. close family B. traditional family C. nuclear family D. large family
17. Doctors these days tend to be more open-minded about alternative medicine.
A. optimistic B. lavish C. close-knit D. narrow-minded
18. Domestic violence must be strictly banned all around the world.
A. permitted B. limited C. restricted D. forbidden
19. Jane found herself in conflict with her parents over her future career.
A. disagreement B. harmony C. controversy D. combat
20. My children's noise is interfering with my ability to concentrate on my work.
A. focus B. abandon C. neglect D. permit

Exercise 5. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following
questions.
21. In Viet Nam, most parents expect their children to help them with the ____ chores.
A. domestic B. housework C. extended D. homework
("domestic chores" bằng nghĩa với “housework", mang nghĩa việc nhà”)
22. Living in three- or four-generational families, commonly referred to as "___ families," has both
benefits and drawbacks.
A. single-parent B. extended C. nuclear D. crowded
("extended family” là gia đình nhiều thế hệ, so sánh với gia đình 1 thế hệ là "nuclear family")
23. Many teenagers do not like it when their parents impose their decision ____ them.
A. in B. on C. at D. to
("impose something on somebody", mang nghĩa “áp đặt ai theo cái gì”)
24. The advantages of the new method really ____ the disadvantages.
A. outperform B. outdo C. outweigh D. outgrow
("outweigh”, đọc là / aʊt'weɪ/, có nghĩa “có nhiều hơn”, hay dùng với “advantages” và
"disadvantages")
25. I have a 11 p.m ____. If I went back home after that, I'd be in trouble.
A. homestay B. conflict C. curfew D. banning
26. All students ____ wear uniforms at school because it is a rule.
A. should B. have to C. ought to D. must
27. You ____ finish your homework before you go to bed.
A. must B. have to C. should D. ought to
28. This drink isn't beneficial for health. You ____ drink it too much.
A. should B. ought to not C. ought not to D. mustn't
29. This warning sign indicates that you ____ step on the grass.
A. shouldn't B. mustn't C. don't have to D. ought not to
30. I think you ____ do exercise regularly in order to keep your body in good shape.
A. must B. should C. ought to D. Both B and C
31. I will lend you some money, but you ____ pay it back to me next week.
A. should B. have to C. must D. mustn't
32. Hoa ____ feed the cats because her mother has done it already.
A. has to B. doesn't have to C. must D. Both A and C
33. Those audiences ____ show their tickets before entering the concert hall.
A. have to B. must C. ought to D. don't have to
34. The children ____ spend too much time playing computer games.
A. mustn't B. ought to not C. shouldn't D. Both B and C
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35. In case you're suffered from the injury, you ____ see the doctor today.
A. had better B. must C. ought D. have better
36. Water park is free for kids under 6 years old, so you ____ pay money for your son.
A. have to B. mustn't C. should D. don't have to
37. You look totally exhausteD. You ____ take a rest instead of working overtime.
A. should B. ought C. must D. has better
38. Anyone ____ have a passport, even a visa when travelling all around the world.
A. ought to B. must C. should D. has to
39. In the peak season, travellers ____ book their accommodation in advance.
A. have to B. must C. should D. ought
40. My car broke down yesterday, so I ____ catch a taxi to the office.
A. have to B. had better C. had to D. has to
41. We ____ eat as much fruit as possible in order to get enough vitamins for our bodies.
A. had better B. should C. ought to D. All are correct
42. You ____ tell anyone what I've revealed to you. It's still a secret.
A. mustn't B. had better not C. ought not to D. don't have to
43. If you still want to maintain this relationship, you ____ behave improperly like that.
A. ought to not B. ought not to C. mustn't D. don't have to
44. When playing or swimming in the pool, children ____ be accompanied by their parents.
A. should B. must C. don't have to D. have to
45. We ____ go to work by car. Sky train is a wise choice during rush hour.
A. ought to B. mustn't C. shouldn't D. have to
46. Young people ______ obey their parents.
A. must B. may C. will D. ought to
47. Laura, you and the kids just have dinner without waiting for me. I ______ work late today.
A. can B. have to C. could D. would
48. I ______ be delighted to show you round the factory.
A. ought to B. would C. might D. can
49. Leave early so that you ______ miss the bus.
A. didn’t B. won’t C. shouldn’t D. mustn’t
50. Jenny’s engagement ring is enormous! It ______ have cost a fortune.
A. must B. might C. will D. should
51. Men’s plateau in earnings _______after the 1970s, allowing for the increase in women's wages to close the
ratio between incomes
A. began B. begin C. begun D. has begun
52. Where_________ you__________ on the Tet holiday last year?
A. do - go B. did - gone C. did - go D. did - went
53. _______ people used to read more.
A. Twenty years before B. Twenty years ago
C. For twenty years D. Since twenty years
54. I _______ there once a long time ago and _______ back since.
A. was / have not been B. had been / was not
C. would be / had not been D. have been / will not be
55. In the past, people _________ to the beach more often.
A. have gone B. used to go C. were going D. had gone
56. Where _________Nam from yesterday?
A. am B. is C. was D. Were
57.She __________ her keys. She’s trying to find them.
A. have lost B. lost C. has lost D. was lost
58. Peter _________ as a teacher for 2 years.
A. has work B. has worked C. have worked D. have work
59.Mary_________ with her mother to go to the mall 1 hour ago.
A. goes out B. gone out C. went out D. was gone
60.I _________ a writer since 2010.
A. was B. has been C. have been D. had been
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61. Linda_________ anything because she was full.
A. weren’t eating B. wasn’t eat C. didn’t eat D. doesn’t eat
62. My close friend __________ my new watch yet.
A. haven’t seen B. didn’t see C. hasn’t see D. hasn’t seen
63. I__________ the bus yesterday.
A. can’t catch B. didn’t catch C. not catch D. weren’t catch
64. We _______ touch since we _________ school three years ago.
A. lost / have left B. have lost / leave C. have lost / left D. were losing / had left
65. ________ Tom Cruise's last movie? Yes, I _________ it three days ago
A. Have you ever seen / saw B. Did you ever see / have seen
C. Had you ever seen / would see D. Will you ever see / saw
66. The number of the participants in the survey _________ 250 students for Oxford University.
A. are B. was C. were D. have been
67. I can't believe that ___________ the news.
A. you haven't read B. you didn't read C. you don't read D. you read not
Exercise 6. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of
the following sentences.
68. The survey shows that today's generation of young people generally get along well with their
A B
parents and appreciate the way they're being risen.
C D
(sửa thành “being raised”)
69. His parents asked him to buy books which he found them useful and necessary for his study.
A B C D
70. The number of articles published on the generation gap are really amazing.
A B C D
71. With the discovery of the new material, the equipment are greatly improved.
A B C D
72. I will leave the party early because I must studying for my exam.
A B C D
73. I stayed up late last night because I mustn't go to school on Sunday.
A B C D
74. We ought to not play football as it's raining outside.
A B C D
75. You mustn't to drive a car if you don't have a driving licence.
A B C D
76. If you want some useful advice, you have better talk to your parents about your problem.
A B C D
77. I had stay at home 3 days due to snowing heavily.
A B C D
78. Because of his poverty, he has to struggling to make ends meet.
A B C D
79. According to the rules of this game, you had better not drop the ball.
A B C D
Exercise 7. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of
the following sentences.
80. I haven't got enough money to buy a new car.
A. I need more money to buy a new car.
B. I don't want to spend more money on a new car.
C. A new car is not something I really need.
D. Money is not the most essential issue to buy a new car.
81. It is not necessary for Alice to do all the housework.
A. Alice must not do all the housework.
B. Alice should not do all the housework.
C. Alice doesn't have to do all the housework.
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 D. Alice doesn't have to do the unnecessary housework.
82. It was wrong of you to scare your brother like that.
A. You must not scare your brother like that.
B. You ought not to have scared your brother like that.
C. You should have scared your brother like that.
D. You should not scare your brother like that.
83. It is against the school rules to cheat in the test.
A. You don't have to cheat in the test. B. You must cheat in the test.
C. You must not cheat in the test. D. You have to cheat in the test.
84. It is necessary for young people to consult their parents about future career.
A. Young people don't have to consult their parents about future career.
B. Young people ought not to consult their parents about future career.
C. Young people should have consulted their parents about future career.
D. Young people must consult their parents about future career.
85. Youngsters should confide their problems to their parents for sound solutions.
A. It is advisable for youngsters to confide their problems to their parents for sound solutions.
B. It is obligatory for youngsters to confide their problems to their parents for sound solutions.
C. It is illegal for youngsters to confide their problems to their parents for sound solutions.
D. It is optional for youngsters to confide their problems to their parents for sound solutions.
86. This is the first time I attend such an enjoyable wedding party.
A. The first wedding party I attended was enjoyable.
B. I had the first enjoyable wedding party.
C. My attendance at the first wedding party was enjoyable.
D. I have never attended such an enjoyable wedding party before.
87. I have not met her for three years.
A. The last time I met her was three years ago.
B. It is three years when I will meet her.
C. I did not meet her three years ago.
D. During three years, I met her once.
88. This pasta is a new experience for me.
A. I used to eat a lot of pasta.
B. I am used to eating pasta.
C. It is the first time I have eaten pasta.
D. I have ever eaten pasta many times before.
89. I have not seen Tom for ages.
A. It has been a long time since I last saw Tom.
B. Tom and I do not look the same age.
C. Tom and I are friends for a long time.
D. I often met Tom ages ago.
90. The last time I went to the museum was a year ago.
A. I have not been to the museum for a year.
B. A year ago, I often went to the museum.
C. My going to the museum lasted a year.
D. At last I went to the museum after a year.
91. I have not seen her for three years.
A. I have often seen her for the last three years.
B. About three years ago, I used to meet her.
C. The last time when I saw her was three years ago.
D. I saw her three years ago and will never meet her again.
Exercise 8. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct response to each of the following
exchanges.
92. Would you mind if I opened the windows? It's too stuffy in here.
A. Yes, of course. B. No, please do. C. I think it is OK. D. You look so tired.
93. Could you show me how to get to the nearest train station from here?
A. I'm not certain but it's maybe at the end of the street.
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 B. I totally agree with you.
C. Sorry, I never know you.
D. I'm busy. now.
94. From my point of view, all family members should share the chores equally.
A. It's a breathtaking view. B. You lied to me.
C. But you're right. D. There's no doubt about it.
95. I've been awarded a scholarship to Harvard University.
A. Just kidding! B. It's up to you. C. Good job! D. Same to you. Thanks!
96. Don't forget to finish your homework before class.
A. I'll do it later. B. Not much.
C. It's quite difficult. D. Thank you for reminding me.
Exercise 9. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or
phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
Fathers in today families are spending more time with their children than at any point in the past 100
years. (97) ____ the number of hours the average woman spends at home with her children has declined
since the early 1900s, as more and more women enter the workforce, there has been a decrease in the
number of children per family and an increase in (98) ____ attention to each child. As a result, mothers
today in the United States, (99) ____ those who work part- or full-time, spend almost twice as much time
with each child as mothers did in the 1920s. People (100) ____ raised children in the 1940s and 1950s
typically report that their own adult children and grandchildren communicate far better with their kids and
spend more time helping with homework than they did.
America's children are also safer today than they've (101) ____ been. An infant was four times more likely
to die in the 1950s than today. A parent then was 27 per cent more likely to lose an older teen to death.
97. A. Although B. However C. Unless D. Besides
98. A. isolated B. individual C. unique D. single
99. A. adding B. counting C. taking D. including
100. A. whom B. which C. who D. when
101. A. never B. already C. ever D. just
Exercise 10. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer
to each of the questions.
It is natural for young people to be critical of their parents at times and to blame them for most of the
misunderstandings between them. They have always complained, more or less justly, that their parents are
old-fashioned, possessive and dominant; that they do not trust their children to deal with obstacles; that
they talk too much about certain problems and that they have no sense of humor, at least in parent-child
relationships. I think it is true that parents often underestimate their teenage children and also forget how
they themselves felt when young.
Young people often irritate their parents with their choices in clothes and hairstyles, in entertainers and
music. This is not their motive. They feel cut off from the adult world into which they have not yet been
accepted. So they create a culture and society of their own. Then, if it turns out that their music or
entertainers or vocabulary or clothes or hairstyles irritate their parents, this gives them additional
enjoyment. They feel they are superior, at least in a small way, and that they are leaders in style and taste.
Sometimes you are resistant and proud because you do not want your parents to approve of what you do.
If they did approve, it looks as if you are betraying your own age group. But in that case, you are
assuming that you are the underdog: you can you can keep your honor. This is a passive way of looking at
things. It is natural enough after long years of childhood, when you were completely under your parents'
control. But it ignores the fact that you are now beginning to be responsible for yourself.
If you plan to control your life, co-operation can be part of that plan. You can charm others, especially
parents, into doing things the ways you want. You can impress others with your sense of responsibility
and initiative, so that they will give you the authority to do what you want to do.
102. What is paragraph 1 mainly about?
A. The teenagers' criticism of their parents
B. Misunderstandings between teenagers and their parents
C. The dominance of the parents over their children
D. The teenagers' ability to deal with difficulty
(ý chính của đoạn I là “sự chỉ trích của người vị thành niên dành cho bậc phụ huynh")
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103. According to paragraph 2, teenagers tend to have strange clothes and hairstyles because they ____.
A. want to show their existence by creating a culture of their own
B. have a strong desire to be leaders in style and taste
C. have no other way to enjoy themselves better
D. want to irritate their parents
(chú ý đoạn 2, "They feel cut off from the adult world into which they have not yet been accepted.
So they create a culture and society of their own")
104. The word "superior" in the passage is closest in meaning to ____.
A. passive B. dominant C. advantageous D. updated
("superior to somebody", đọc là /su: pirior, mang nghĩa “tốt hơn, có quyền lực hơn ai đó”, bằng với
“dominant”, đọc là /datminant/)
105. Teenagers do not want their parents to approve of whatever they do because they ____.
A. have already been accepted into the adult world
B. are not likely to win over the adults
C. have a desire to be independent
D. feel that they are superior in a small way to the adults
(chú ý đoạn 3, "you are assuming that you are the underdog: you can't win but at least you can keep
your honor")
106. To improve parent-child relationships, teenagers are advised to be ____.
A. obedient B. responsible C. co-operative D. independent
("Co-operative”, mang nghĩa “mang tính hợp tác”, chú ý đoạn cuối, “If you plan to control your
life, co-operation can be part of that plan")
Exercise 11. Complete the sentences without changing the meaning.
1. Perhaps Susan knows the address. (may)
→ Susan may know the address.
2. It’s possible that Joanna didn’t receive my message. (might)
→ Joanna mightn't have received my message.
3. The report must be on my desk tomorrow. (has)
→ The report has to be on my desk tomorrow.
4. I managed to finish all my work. (able)
→ I was able to finish all my work.
5. It was not necessary for Nancy to clean the flat. (didn’t)
→ Nancy didn't need to clean the flat.
6. If I were you, I would spend more time talking with my children. (should)
→ You should spend more time talking with my children.
7. John doesn’t get permission to use that computer. (mustn’t)
→ John mustn't use that computer.
8. It is necessary that people who work here leave by 6 p.m. (must)
→ People who work here must leave by 6 p.m.
9. Customers are advised to check their luggage before leaving the airport. (ought to)
→ Customers ought to check their luggage before leaving the airport.
10. Ms. Ly is in charge of cleaning the floor every day. (has to)
→ Ms. Ly has to clean the floor every day.
Lesson 4: SPEAKING
* Activity 1. Work in pairs. Practice the conversation about the different generations of family.
Suggested ideas:
• be open to new ways of thinking • have fixed ideas about the world
• want to make their own decisions • hold traditional views about many issues
• not want big changes in life • be good at using electronic devices
*Conversation:
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Kevin: Let’s talk about the different generations of your family. Ly, what’s kind of family do you have?
Ly: I live in an extended family.
Kevin: Ly, do you think there are any differences between the generations of your family?
Ly: Yes, I do. My grandparents are over 80 now. They hold traditional views about many issues.
Kevin: What’s about your parents?
Ly: My parents open to new ways of thinking but they don’t want big changes in life.
Ly: For my sister and I, we want to make our own decisions and have fixed ideas about the world. We are also
good at using electronic devices.

* Activity 2. Talk about the most common generation gaps in your families
Sample talk:
To find extreme viewpoints, I need look no further than my own family. My family has members
whose opinions vary widely. These opinions often result in interesting conversations, debates, and occasional
disagreements at family gatherings. Two contrasting members of my family are my brother and my father. I
understand both of them fairly well, but their attempts to understand each other are less successful. My father
and my older brother sometimes assume diametrically different viewpoints.
My brother is artistic and creative while my father is pragmatic and technically minded. One of the
more humorous differences between them is their taste in music. My brother is a born musician who loves
music with soul. On the other hand, my father is a scientist and listens to Cheo.
Another often humorous difference between my father and brother is the way they wear their hair. My
brother wears his hair down to his shoulders. My father, on the other hand, always gets his hair cut when it
begins to touch his collar. When my father was growing up in the sixties, all men wore short hair. However,
my brother grew up during the twenties when people were more liberal in the way they dressed. The length of
my brother's hair bothers my father.
Although my brother and father disagree on many things, they manage to get along very well. Both of
them are open-minded and can appreciate each other's differences.
________________________________________________________
Lesson 6: WRITING
*Activity 1: Write an opinion essay (120–150 words) stating the opposite view for the opinion that parents
should limit teenagers’ screen time.
Useful expressions:
To express opinion To add ideas
 In my opinion, …  What is more, …
 Personally, I think/ I believe (that)…  Moreover/ furthermore/ in addition (to)
 I strongly believe that….  Firstly, …
 It seems to me that…  First of all, …
 In my view, ...  Secondly, ...
 From my point of view, …  Thirdly, …
 Lastly, …
 Finally, …
Suggested answer:
Digital devices play an essential part of teenagers’ lives nowadays. I strongly believe that parents should not
strictly limit their screen time for the following reasons.
First of all, I think that by limiting the use of technology, parents will also limit what teens can benefit from it.
In fact, teenagers can learn a lot of useful knowledge and necessary skills through online educational games
and videos.
In addition, when teenagers’ screen time is strictly controlled by their parents, the gap between parents and
children may become wider. Teenagers may think that their parents are very mean and not fair to them, and
may refuse to talk to them.
In conclusion, I believe that it is not a good idea for parents to strictly limit their teenagers’ screen time. Teens
can benefit from screen activities that encourage learning and parents can develop a better relationship with
their children if they don’t control the time spent on electronic devices.