1.1 Given that the base period is 100 days and the 1.
1.5 10 m3s of water is diverted to a 32 hectare field
duty of the canal is 1000 hectares per cumecs, for 4 hours. Soil probing after irrigation showed
the depth of water will be that 0.3 m of water had been stored in the root
(a) 0.864cm (b) 8.64cm zone. Water application efficiency in this case
(c) 86.4cm {d) 864cm would be
[ESE: 1995] (a) 96% (b) 6667%
(©) 48% (d) 24%
1.2 The following data were recorded from an irrigated [ESE : 2001]
field:
1. Field capacity : 20% 1.6 A canal was designed to supply the irrigation
2. Permanent wilting point: 10% needs of 1000 ha of land growing rice of 140 days
3. Permissible depletion of available soil base period and having a delta of 130 cm. If the
canal water is used to irrigate wheat of base period
—————
moisture: 50%
119 days and having a delta of 50 cm, the area
4. Dry unit weight of soil : 1500 kgf/m?
5. Effective rainfall : 26 mm that can be irrigated is
Based on these data, the netirrigation requirement {a) 452ha (b) 904ha
(d) 2210ha
T
per metre depth of soil will be (c) 1105ha
{a) 75mm {b) 125mm
[ESE : 2002)
{c) 50mm {d) 25mm 1.7 Assertion (A): Sprinkler method of irrigation has
[ESE : 1997] a higher water application/use efficiency.
Reason (R): Sprinkler system causes less
1.8 Assertion (A): Duty is an expression of the
epmT
interference in cultivation and other farming
irrigating capacity of a unit volume of water.
operations.
Reason (R): Duty at the head of a distributary
(a) both A and R are true and R is the correct
will be less than that at the head of a watercourse
explanation of A
and more than that at the head of a canal.
(b) both A and R are true but R is not a correct
(a) both A and R are true and R is the correct
explanation of A
explanation ofA
{c) Aistrue but Ris false
(b) both A and R are true but R is not a correct
(d) Als false but R is true
explanation of A
[ESE : 2002]
(c) Alistrue but Ris false
(d) Ais false but R is true 1.8 Acidic soils are reclaimed by
[ESE: 1999] (a) leaching of the soit
(b) using limestone as a soil amendment
1.4 If the depth is 8.64 cm on a field over a base
(c) using gypsum as a soil amendment
period of 10 days, then the duty is
(d) provision of drainage
(@) 10 hectares per cum/s
- [ESE : 2002]
(b) 100 hectares per cumjs
(c) 864 hectares per cum/s 1.9 The delta for a crop having base period 120 days
(d) 1000 hectares per cum/s is 70 cm. What is the duty?
[ESE : 2000] (a) 2480 hectare/cumec
RDE EASY Water Resources Engineering. 193
(b) 1481 hectare/cumec 1.15A drainage coefficient
(c) 148 hectare/cumec (a) decides the choice of the method of the
e TS RSN
(d) 1.481 hectarefcumec drainage
[ESE
: 2004] (b) decides the kind of crop that can be grown
on the land
1,10For a culturable command area of 1000 hectare (c) isthe depth of water that can be removed from
with intensity of irrigation of 50%, the duty on field the drainage area in unit time.
s
for a certain crop is 2000 hectare/cumec. What is (d) is the flow of water from the soil into the tile
the discharge required at head of water course laterals per unit ime
| leld
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with 25% losses of water? [ESE : 2006]
| wed (a) 3/16cumec (b) 1/4cumec
root (¢) 1/3cumec {d) 1/2cumec 1.16A soil sample has an exchangeable sodium
ase percentage of 16%, its electrical conductivity is
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[ESE
: 2004]
3.2 milli-Mhos/cm and pH of 9.5. How is the soil
1,11What is the moisture depth available for classified?
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evapotranspiration in root zone of 1 m depth soil, (a) Saline soil
T
101] if dry weight of soil is 1.5 gmy/cc, field capacity is {b) Saline-alkaline soit
30% and permanent wilting point is 10%7? {c) Alkaline soil
tion
lays
(a) 450mm (b) 300mm (d) None of the above
the {c) 200mm (d) 150mm [ESE : 2007]
e T
riod [ESE : 2004]
1.17If the discharge required for different crops is 0.4
rea 1.121f the sensitivity of an irrigation module is 0.5, then cumecs in the field and the capacity factor and
what percent variation in outlet discharge will be time tactors are 0.8 and 0.5 respectively, then what
caused by 50 per cent variation in canal water is the design discharge of the distributary at its
depih? head ?
I 102]
(@) 100% (b) 50% (a) 0.80cumecs (b) 0.16cumecs
has ©) 25% (@) 125% (c) 1.0cumecs (d) 1.24 cumecs
e
[ESE : 2006] [ESE : 20071
ess
1.13 The moisture tension for a soil is 8 atmospheres. 1.18 Semi-module outlets are those outlets in which
ling
The soil is then at (a) discharge gets affected by the change in
rect
(@) permanent wilting point water level offield channel
ei
(b) field capacity (b) discharge gets affected by the change in
rect (c) optimum moisture content water level of the distributing channel but not
(d) equivalent moisture with the change in water level of field channel
[ESE : 2006) (c) discharge is independent of water levels in
the distributing channel and the field channel
1.14 Consider the following terms relating to irrigation
102] requirements:
(d) None of the above
[ESE : 2008]
1. Consumptive irrigation requirement
2. Netirrigation requirement 1.19 During a particular stage of the growth ofa crop,
3. Fieldirrigation requirement consumptive use of water is 2:8 mm/day. If the
4. Gross irrigation requirement amount of water available in the soil is 25% of
For a given set up, which one of the following is 80 mm depth of water, what is the frequency of
R s
102] the correct refation® . irrigation?
(@) 1>2>3>4 (b) 1<2<3<4 (a) 9days (b) 13days
S
lays (©) (1=2)<3<4 (d) 1<(2=3)<4 (c) 21days (d) 25days
[ESE : 2006} [ESE : 2009]
T
194 . BTN Civil Engineering « Volume-i (%;wftue
1.20 Consider
the following statements: (c) Alsirue but Ris false
Irrigation water has to be supplied to the crops (d) Alisfalse but Ris true
when the moisture level falls [ESE : 2010}
1. below field capacity
2. towilting point 1.25 Consider the following zones:
3. below wilting point 1. Saturation zone
Which of these statements is/are correct? 2. Capillary zone
(a) 1 (b} 2only 3. Intermediate zone
(c) 3only (d) 2and3 4. Soil water zone
{ESE : 2009] Which of these does not relate to the zone of
aeration in the soil profile?
1.21 A groundwater basin consists of 10 km? area of (8) 1and2 () 2and3
plains. The maximum groundwater table {c) 4only (d) 1only
fluctuation has been observed to be 1.5 m. [ESE : 2011]
Consider specific yield of the basin as 10%. What
is the available groundwater storage in million 1.26 An identified source of irrigation water has ion
cubic metres? concentrations of Na*, Ca** and Mg** as 20, 10
(@) 1.0 (b) 1.5 and 8 miliiequivalent per litre, respectively. The
©) 25 (d) 20 SAR of this water is approximately
[ESE : 2009] (a) 206 (b) 6.67
c) 267 {d) zero
1.22 Inacanal irrigation project, 76% of the culturable
[ESE : 2011]
command area (CCA) remained without water
during Kharif season; and 58% of CCA remained 1.27 Flexibility of an outiet may be defined as the ratio
without water during Rabi season in a particular of the rate of change of
e
year. Rest of the areas got irrigated in each crop (a) Outletdischarge to the rate of change of water
respectively. What is the intensily of irrigation for level of the parent channel
the project in the year ? (b) Qutlet discharge to the rate of change of the
TR
(a) 134% - (b) 76% discharge of the parent channel
(c) 66% (d) 58% (c) Parentchannel discharge tothe rate of change
{ESE : 2009} of the outlet discharge
1.23 Thedischarge required for Rabi and Kharif crops (d) Parentchannelwater level tothe rate of change
TREET
are 0.4 m3/s and 0.3 m¥s respectively. The of the outlet discharge
capacity and time factors are 0.8 and 0.5 [ESE : 2011]
respectively at each season. The design 1.28 Assertion (A): The duty of water decreases as
discharge of the distributary at its head is the point of its measurement moves away from
(a) 0.8m%s (b) 0.16m%s the field of application.
Sl e
©) 1.0m%s (&) 1.24m%s Reason (R): Duty depends on soil characteristics.
[ESE : 2010] (a) both A and R are true and R is the correct
1.24 Assertion (A): In the border strip method of explanation of A
irrigation, the size of the strip depends on soil (b) both A and R are true but R is not a correct
characteristics, slope of the land and discharge. explanation of A
{c) Alistrue but R is false
S
Reason (R): Border strip method is a conirolled
type of subsurface irrigation method. (d) Ais false but Ris true
. [ESE : 2011]
R
(a) both A and R are true and R is the correct
explanation of A 1.29 Arice crop is to beirrigated in a field covering an
AR R AT
(b) both A and R are true but R is not a correct area of 2400 ha, the duty and base period of rice
explanation of A are given as 860 ha/cumec and 120 days
I T
" MADE ERSY Water Resources Engineering (195
respectively. The volume of water required in the 1.34 A lift irrigation scheme using a discharge of
field is nearly: 96 m3hr is planned toraise a crop with an average
10] (a) 500ha-m (b) 1400 ha-m A of 0.375 m. Intensity of irrigation is 60%.
(¢) 2000ha-m (d) 2880ha-m Assuming 3600 hours of working of the tubewell
[ESE : 2013]
|
for a year, the culturable command area is
1.30 Inanirrigation project, in a certain year, 70% and (8) 96Ha {b} 48Ha
46% of the culturable command area in Kharif and (¢) 144Ha (d) 120Ha
Rabi, respectively, remained without water and [ESE : 2014}
3 of rest of the area got irrigation water. The intensity 1.35 Afield measures 40 hectares. When 8 cumecs of
of irrigation in that year for the project was: water was supplied for 6 hours, 30 cm of water
| (a) 116%
() 42%
(b) 84%
(d) 58%
was stored in the root zone. The field application
efficiency is nearly.
11] [ESE : 2013] (a) 70% (b) 80%
1.31 The gross command area for a distributary is 5000 (c) 85% (d) 90% i
ion
hectares, 80% of whichis culturable irrigable. The [ESE : 2014] -
intensity of irrigation for Rabi is 50%; and for Kharif
fhe 1.36 Consumptive Use refers to the loss of water as a
is 30%. The average duty at the head of the
result of
distributory is 2000 hectares/cumec for Rabi
(a) Evaporation and Transpiration
season and 900 hectares/cumec for Kharif seasen.
(b) Crop Water Requirement
The discharge required at the head of the
1] distributory fremaverage demand considerations is
(¢) Evaporation and Infiltration
(d) Evaporation and Transpiration from the
atie (a) 1.00cumecs (b) 1.33cumecs
cropped area
{¢) 2.33cumecs (d) 3.33cumecs
{ESE : 2013] {ESE : 2015]
ater
1.32 The following data were noted from an irrigation 1.37 The discharge capacity required at the outlet to
the field: irrigate 3000 ha of sugarcane having a kor depth
1. Field capacity = 20% of 173 mm and a kor period of 30 days is
ge 2. Permanent wilting point = 10% (a) 2.0m%¥s (b) 1.0m%s
3. Permissible depletion of available soil
(c) 20m¥s (d) 0.20m¥s
moisture = 50% [ESE : 2015]
ge
4. Dry unit weight of soil = 15 kN/m®
5. Effective rainfall = 50 mm Directions: The following items consisis of two
The net rrigation requirement per metre depth of statements; one labelled as 'Assertion (A) and the
soil will be other as 'Reason (RY’. You are to examine these two
(@) 75mm (b} 125mm statements carefully and select the answers to these
{c) 50mm (d) 25mm items using the codes given below:
[ESE : 2014] Codes:
1.83 For an irrigated field having: Field capacity (@) Both A and R are true and R is the correct
= 30%, Permanent wilting point = 10%, explanation of A
Permissible depletion of available moisture (o) Both A and R are true but R is not a correct
= 40%, Dry weight of soil = 14.70 kN/m?, Unit explanation of A
weight of water = 9.8 kN/m® and Effective rainfall (c) Ais true but Ris false
= 30 mm, what is the net irrigation requirement (d) Aisfaise but Ris true
1] per meter depth of soif?
1.38 Assertion (A): If the soil moisture is only slightly
an {a) 300mm () 150mm
more than the slightly more than the wilting
ce (c) 120mm (d) 80mm
coefficient, the plant must expend extra energy
ys [ESE : 2014]
196 ST Civil Engineering « Volume-ll 0W“Q
Solved Papers
to obtain the water and hence the plant will not crop during its full growth duration is its
grow healthily. consumptive irrigation requirements.
Reason (R): Excessive water supply retards plant 3. The depth of water required to bring the soil- =~
growth. moisture level of a given soil up to its field
[ESE : 2015] capacity is called hygroscopic water.
4, With continuous increase in quantity of water
1.39 Assertion (A): Duty of drip irrigation is very high.
applied, the yield of most crops increase up
Reason (R): Losses are least in drip irrigation.
to a certain limit and then is expected to be
{ESE : 2015]
constant.
1.40 Consider the following statements in connection Which of the above statements are correct?
with soil-water-crop relationship: (a) 1and2 (b) 2and3
1. Water utilization by plants is mainly from (c) 3and4 (d) 1and4
capillary water. [ESE : 2017]
2. The amount of irrigation water required to
meet the evapotranspiration needs of the v
11 (© 12 (© 13 () 14 (@) 15 () 16 (@ 1.7 (© 1.8 (b 1.8 ()
E
110 (© 111 (b)) 1.12(@) 1.13 (@) 1.14(0) 1.5 () 1.16 () 1.17 () 1.18 (b)
119 (¢) 120 (1) 1.21(b) 1.22 (c) 1.23(c) 1.24 (¢} 1.25(d) 1.26 (b) 1.27 (b)
128 (b) 1.28 (d) 1.30() 1.31 (o) 1.32(d) 1.33(d) 1.34(c) 1.35 {@ 1.36 (d)
1.37 (@) 1.38 () 1.39(a) 1.40 (a)
ii
E
1.1 (e) 1.3 (b)
AxD= 884xB Due to loss of water by evaporation and per-
D= 1000 ha/cumec colation, the duty is less at the head of distributary
B = 100days than at the head of the water course and mcre
than that at the head of the canal.
a= B0 _ggsom
1000 1.4 (d)
1.2 (0) OxA=864x8B
The readily available moisture D= 864x10 — 1000 ha/m¥s
=05x(20-10)=5% 8.64
Deficiency due to the fall of moisture is 1.5 (b)
M ax readily available moisture The volume of water in root zone,
S B
Yo V.=03x32x% 104 =9.6 x 10°m?
The volume of water supplied,
1500
= m><1()E)O><O.05_75rnm V,=10 x 4 % 3600 = 1.44x 105 m®
R
Water application efficiency,
25mm depth of water is available from precipitation
0= 100 66.67%
T I
so net irrigation needed is 75 - 25 = 50 mm
Vs
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