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Viscosity

The document outlines a procedure for estimating the viscosity of lubricating oil using an Ostwald’s viscometer. It includes the apparatus and chemicals required, the principle based on Poseuille’s equation, and detailed steps for conducting the experiment. The calculations involve comparing the flow times of water and the lubricant oil to determine the viscosity of the oil in millipoise.

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8 views2 pages

Viscosity

The document outlines a procedure for estimating the viscosity of lubricating oil using an Ostwald’s viscometer. It includes the apparatus and chemicals required, the principle based on Poseuille’s equation, and detailed steps for conducting the experiment. The calculations involve comparing the flow times of water and the lubricant oil to determine the viscosity of the oil in millipoise.

Uploaded by

m87686881
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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LUBRICANTS

2. ESTIMATION OF VISCOSITY OF LUBRICAT OIL USING OSTWALD’S VISCOMETER

Aim: - To estimate viscosity of a given lubricating oil using Ostwald’s viscometer.

Apparatus required: - Ostwald’s viscometer, beaker, rubber tubing, stop watch....... etc.

Chemicals required: - given lubricant oil and Distilled water.

Principle: - The Ostwald’s viscometer method is based on Poseuille’s equation. This relates
the rate of flow of a liquid through a capillary tube with the coefficient of viscosity
expressed by following equation.

𝜋r4 t
Ƞ=
8𝑉𝑙

Where: V = Volume of the liquid of viscosity ƞ flowing in time ‘t’ through a capillary
tube of radius ‘r’ and length ‘l’.

The determination of absolute viscosity by means of Poseuille’s expression is


tedious. Hence a simpler method of comparing the viscosities of two liquids can be
followed.

If t1 and t2 are the flow times required to flow for equal volumes of two liquids
through same length of capillary tube, then

ƞ1 𝑑1 𝑡1
=
ƞ2 𝑑2 𝑡2

Procedure: -
1) Take a clean Ostwald’s viscometer and set it vertically on a stand.
2) Introduce water through end ‘E’ into the larger bulb ‘B’.
3) Suck the water up into the bulb ‘A’ through a rubber tubing attached to the end ‘D’
to a level above the mark ‘x’.
4) On the stop watch and allow water to flow freely through the capillary from ‘x’ mark
to ‘y’ mark.
5) Note down the time (𝑡𝑤 ) for water to flow from ‘x’ mark to ‘y’ mark.
6) Repeat the steps 3 to 5 to get an average value of 𝑡𝑤
7) Remove water from Ostwald’s viscometer and dry it.
8) Take dry Ostwald’s viscometer and repeat the steps 2 to 6 to obtain the average
time (𝑡𝑙 ) for the given lubricant oil to flow from ‘x’ mark to ‘y’ mark.

Calculations: -

Sl.No Liquid Density Time of flow (in sec) Time Viscosity


(gm/cm3) Exp-1 Exp-2 Exp-3 (average) (millipoice)
1 Water 1 8.90
2 Lubricant oil 0.879

ƞ𝑙 𝑑𝑙 𝑡𝑙
=
ƞ𝑤 𝑑𝑤 𝑡𝑤

Where: - ƞl = Coefficient of viscosity of given lubricant oil =?

ƞ𝑤 = Coefficient of viscosity of water = 8.9 millipoice

𝑡𝑙 = time flow of given lubricant oil = -------- sec

𝑡𝑤 = time flow of water = -------- sec

𝑑𝑙 = density of given lubricant oil = 0.879 gm/cm3

𝑑𝑤 = density of water = 1 gm/cm3

ƞ𝑤 × 𝑑𝑙 × 𝑡𝑙
ƞ𝑙 =
𝑑𝑤 × 𝑡𝑤

= ---------- millipoice

Result: - The viscosity of given lubricant oil = ----------------- millipoice.

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