Scribd
Upload
2 views8 pages

Surface Integrals Integration Across Curved Surfaces

Surface integrals extend integration to curved surfaces in 3D space, generalizing multiple integrals and playing a crucial role in vector calculus. They can be applied to scalar and vector fields, with key applications in physics and engineering, such as electromagnetism and fluid dynamics. Surface parameterization is essential for evaluation, and the process involves defining the surface, calculating derivatives, and determining the surface element for integration.

Uploaded by

seyam12518
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
2 views8 pages

Surface Integrals Integration Across Curved Surfaces

Surface integrals extend integration to curved surfaces in 3D space, generalizing multiple integrals and playing a crucial role in vector calculus. They can be applied to scalar and vector fields, with key applications in physics and engineering, such as electromagnetism and fluid dynamics. Surface parameterization is essential for evaluation, and the process involves defining the surface, calculating derivatives, and determining the surface element for integration.

Uploaded by

seyam12518
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 8

Surface Integrals:

Integration Across
Curved Surfaces
Surface integrals extend integration to curved 2D surfaces in 3D space.

They generalize multiple integrals and play a crucial role in vector calculus.

GS by geo sam
What Are Surface
Integrals?
Definition
Integration of scalar or vector fields across surfaces.

Types
Scalar field surface integrals
Vector field surface integrals

Applications
Widely used in physics and engineering contexts.

Key Requirement
Surface parameterization is essential for evaluation.
Surface Parameterization
Concept Surface Element
Express r(u,v) = x(u,v)i + y(u,v)j + z(u,v)k defines the surface. Area element is |"r/"u × "r/"v| du dv.

This creates a coordinate system on the surface. Normal vector from cross product orients the surface.
Surface Integrals of
Scalar Fields
Integral Formula
1 .» f(x,y,z) dS = .¼ f(r(u,v)) |"r/"u × "r/"v| du dv

Special Case
2 When f=1, integral measures surface area.

Surface Element for Graph


3 dS = :(1 + ("z/"x)² + ("z/"y)²) dx dy
Surface Integrals of
Vector Fields
Flux Measurement Orientation
Integrates flow of vector field Matters
through surface S. Outward or inward normals
affect sign of integral.

Flux Formula
.» F·n dS calculates net flow through S.
Computing Surface
Integrals
Parameterize Surface
Define r(u,v) for the surface in terms of parameters.

Calculate Derivatives
Find "r/"u and "r/"v and compute their cross product.

Determine Surface Element


Use magnitude of cross product for dS element.

Substitute and Integrate


Rewrite integral and evaluate as double integral.
Key Applications

Electromagne Fluid Engineering


tic Theory Dynamics Calculate mass and
Gauss's law relates Measure flow rates forces in thin shell
electric fields and flux. crossing surfaces structures.
accurately.

Mechanics
Determine center of
mass and moments of
inertia.
Surface Integrals in Broader Context
Theoretical Links Advanced Topics Mathematics & Physics
Stokes' theorem Electromagnetic theory foundations Bridges vector analysis and multivariable
Divergence theorem Differential forms in calculus calculus.

Appear in many fundamental physical


laws.

You might also like