2JP PLUMBING

Review
ARITHMETIC
FEB 2025 MASTER PLUMBER

CENTER ENGR. FROILAN O. CONMIGO

EQUATIONS OF LINES
General Form: Ax + By + C = 0
Standard Form: Ax + By = C
Slope-Intercept Form: y = mx + b
Point Slope Form: y – y1 = m (x – x1)
x y
Intercept Form: + =1
a b
Rise y2 −y1
Slope (m) m = = = tan θ
Run x2 −x1
1. Find the distance and midpoint between (5, -6) and (1,9).
2. Find the equation of the line that passes 3. Find the equation of the line with a
through (3, -4) and has x-intercept at x = -1. slope of -3 and has a y-intercept of y = 4.
4. Find the equation of the line that passes through (4,-1) and is
a. Parallel to 2x – 3y = 12
B. Perpendicular to 2x – 3y = 12
4. Find the equation of the line that passes through (4,-1) and is
a. Parallel to 2x – 3y = 12
B. Perpendicular to 2x – 3y = 12
PHYSICS
PLUMBING ARITHMETIC
 PHYSICS
Quantities measured by magnitude and direction
Examples: Momentum, Torque, Velocity,
Displacement, Acceleration

Quantities measured by magnitude only

ω = ωo + αt
Rotational
Motion ω2 = ωo2 + 2αθ
1 2
θ = θo + ωot + αt
2
Newton’s
Laws of Motions
RECTILINEAR MOTION
1. A car starting from rest moves with a constant acceleration of 10 km/hr2 for 1 hour, then decelerates
at a constant -5 km/hr2 until it comes to a stop. How far has it traveled? 15 km
ROTATIONAL MOTION
2. The flywheel of a puncher is to be brought to a complete stop in 8 seconds from a speed of 60 rev/min. Compute
the number of turns the flywheel will still make if its deceleration is uniform. 4 turns
CURVILINEAR
MOTION
CURVILINEAR
MOTION
PROJECTILE MOTION
3. A man in a hot air balloon drops an apple at a height of 150 m. If the balloon is rising
at 15 m/s, find the highest point reached by the apple? 161.5 m
PROJECTILE MOTION
4. A baseball is thrown from a horizontal plane following a parabolic path with an initial velocity of 100
m/s at an angle of 30⁰ above the horizontal. How far from the throwing point will the ball attain its
original level? 883m
 Conservation
of Energy
Potential Energy can neither
Energy be created nor
Stored energy, energy of
position or configuration Work
and
destroyed, it can
only be transformed
PE = mgh
Energy to other forms.
KEi + PEi = Kef + PEf
Kinetic
Energy
Energy in motion Work
Product of force and
𝟏
KE = 𝒎𝒗𝟐 displacement
𝟐
W=Fxd
WORK & ENERGY
5. Sheila has just arrived at the airport and is dragging her 10-kg suitcase to the luggage check-in desk.
She pulls on the strap with a force of 190 N at an angle of 35° to the horizontal to displace it 45 m to the
desk. Determine the work done by Sheila on the suitcase if the surface is rough, with a coefficient of
friction of 0.15.
WORK & ENERGY
6. When doing a chin-up, a physics student lifts her 42.0-kg body a distance of 0.25
meters in 2 seconds. What is the power delivered by the student's biceps?
ENGINEERING
ECONOMICS
PLUMBING ARITHMETIC
SIMPLE COMPOUND
INTEREST INTEREST
SIMPLE INTEREST
1. How much is the interest that will be paid on a Php 25 000 loan that was made on May 1, 2002 and repaid on August
1, 2005?
a. With ordinary simple interest at 8% per year. P6500
b. With exact simple interest at 8% per year. P6504.11
COMPOUND INTEREST
2. Loid and Yor want to have $200,000 in Anya’s college fund on her 18th birthday, and they want to know
the impact on this goal of having $10,000 invested at 9.8%, compounded quarterly, on her 1st birthday. To
advise Loid and Yor regarding this, find the future value of the $10,000 investment. $51,857.70
COMPOUND INTEREST
3. The nominal interest rate is 5%. (a) How much is my P10 000 worth in 10 years in a continuous
compounded amount? P16487.21 (b) When will the amount double? 13.86 years
EFFECTIVE INTEREST RATE
EFFECTIVE INTEREST
Find the nominal rate that if converted quarterly could be used instead for
15% compounded semi-annually? 14.73%
CASH FLOW DIAGRAM
CASH FLOW DIAGRAM
5. Dan Lester opened an account P350 000 in the bank today, at the rate of 4% per annum. After two years,
he deposits another P400 000. In five years, he will withdraw P600 000. How much money does he have on
his account on the 8th year?
ANNUITIES
Series of equal payments made at equal intervals of time
ORDINARY ANNUITY
6. For their monthsary celebration, Daniel wants to give surprises to Kathryn and each would cost P5000.
But Daniel will end their relationship after 11 years. How much should Daniel have for his plan if money
accumulates 10% compounded monthly.
DEFERRED ANNUITY
7. Sheena made a loan of P187,400 from a bank with interest at 5% compounded annually. She agrees to
pay her obligations by paying 8 equal payments, the first being due at the end of 10 years. Find the annual
payments. P44 980.56
PERPETUITY
8. Find the present value in pesos, of a perpetuity of P15,000 payable semi-annually if
money is worth 8% compounded quarterly. P371 287.13
DEPRECIATION
DEPRECIATION
STRAIGHT-LINE METHOD
A machine costs P1,800,000. It has a salvage value of P300,000 at the end of 5 years. If money is
worth 6% annually, determine the depreciation and book value at the 3rd year using:
SUM-OF-THE-YEARS DIGITS METHOD
A machine costs P1,800,000. It has a salvage value of P300,000 at the end of 5 years. If money is
worth 6% annually, determine the depreciation and book value at the 3rd year using:
DECLINING BALANCE METHOD
A machine costs P1,800,000. It has a salvage value of P300,000 at the end of 5 years. If money is
worth 6% annually, determine the depreciation and book value at the 3rd year using:
DOUBLE DECLINING BALANCE METHOD
A machine costs P1,800,000. It has a salvage value of P300,000 at the end of 5 years. If money is
worth 6% annually, determine the depreciation and book value at the 3rd year using:
FLUIDS &
HYDRAULICS
PLUMBING ARITHMETIC
 BASIC FLUID PROPERTIES
Density is defined as mass per unit volume. The reciprocal of density is the specific
volume, which is defined as volume per unit mass.

Specific Gravity, or Relative Density is the ratio of the unit weight or density of a
substance to a standard substance at a certain temperature, which is water (δ = 9.81
kN/m3, δ = 62.4 lb/ft3 ,ρ = 1000 kg/m3 at 4∘ C)
Situation 1 - If 8.9 m3 of alcohol weighs 32,400 N, calculate the following:
1. Unit Weight 3. Specific Gravity
2. Density 4. Specific Volume
 PRESSURE
Pressure is defined as a normal force exerted by a fluid per unit area.

P
Pabs = Pgage + Patm
H
Pvac = Patm - Pabs
P=
𝑭 P=𝜹H
𝑨
Gage pressures (Relative Atmospheric pressure is the pressure at
Pressures) are pressures any one point on the earth’s surface from
above or below the the weight of the air above it.
atmosphere and can be 1 atm = 14.7 psi = 760 mmHg = 101.325 kPa
measured by pressure
gauges or manometers.
What is the pressure reading 8 m below the ocean?
Assume specific gravity of sea water is 1.03.
A mercury barometer at the top of a mountain reads 700 mmHg and a t the same time
the barometer at its base reads 800 mmHg. Assuming that the unit weight of air is 12
N/m3 and the specific gravity of mercury is 13.6, what is the approximate height of the
mountain?
BERNOULLI’S ENERGY EQUATION
Situation - If the velocity of water is 8 m/s and the pressure is 140 KPa on the discharge side of a pump.
1. What is the head of the pump if the velocity is 4m/s and the pressure is 90 kPa on the suction side of
the pump?
2. How much power is required to drive it if the diameter of the suction side is 600 mm?
3. If the pump is rated at 120 hp, what is the efficiency of the pump neglecting energy losses in the
system?
FLUID FLOW
Calculate the flow rate of water pouring out a cylindrical tank,
1 m in diameter and 3 m high if it is drained in 300 seconds.
A pipe has a diameter of 25 mm and a length of 60 m. If the velocity of the
water inside the pipe is 1.50 m/s, calculate the following:
1. Discharge in m3/sec
2. Head loss if f = 0.02, C = 120 and n = 0.013.
A pipe has a diameter of 25 mm and a length of 60 m. If the velocity of the
water inside the pipe is 1.50 m/s, calculate the following:
1. Discharge in m3/sec
2. Head loss if f = 0.02, C = 120 and n = 0.013.