Sort (ascending and descending) a dictionary by
value
# Import the 'operator' module, which provides functions for common
operations like sorting.
import operator
# Create a dictionary 'd' with key-value pairs.
d = {1: 2, 3: 4, 4: 3, 2: 1, 0: 0}
# Print the original dictionary 'd'.
print('Original dictionary : ',d)
# Sort the items (key-value pairs) in the dictionary 'd' based on the
values (1st element of each pair).
# The result is a list of sorted key-value pairs.
sorted_d = sorted(d.items(), key=operator.itemgetter(1))
# Print the dictionary 'sorted_d' in ascending order by value.
print('Dictionary in ascending order by value : ',sorted_d)
# Convert the sorted list of key-value pairs back into a dictionary.
# The 'reverse=True' argument sorts the list in descending order by
value.
sorted_d = dict( sorted(d.items(), key=operator.itemgetter(1),
reverse=True))
# Print the dictionary 'sorted_d' in descending order by value.
print('Dictionary in descending order by value : ',sorted_d)
Sample Output:
Original dictionary : {1: 2, 3: 4, 4: 3, 2: 1, 0: 0}
Dictionary in ascending order by value : [(0, 0), (2, 1), (1, 2), (4,
3), (3, 4)]
Dictionary in descending order by value : {3: 4, 4: 3, 1: 2, 2: 1, 0: 0}
Python: Add a key to a dictionary
# Create a dictionary 'd' with two key-value pairs. d = {0: 10, 1: 20} #
Print the original dictionary 'd'. print(d) # Update the dictionary 'd'
by adding a new key-value pair {2: 30}. d.update({2: 30}) # Print the
dictionary 'd' after the update, which now includes the new key-value
pair. print(d)
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Sample Output:
{0: 10, 1: 20}
{0: 10, 1: 20, 2: 30}
Concatenate following dictionaries to create a new
one
3. Concatenate Dictionaries
Write a Python script to concatenate the following dictionaries to create a new one.
Visual Presentation:
Sample Solution:
Python Code:
# Create three dictionaries 'dic1', 'dic2', and 'dic3' with key-value
pairs.
dic1 = {1: 10, 2: 20}
dic2 = {3: 30, 4: 40}
dic3 = {5: 50, 6: 60}
# Create an empty dictionary 'dic4' that will store the combined
key-value pairs from 'dic1', 'dic2', and 'dic3'. dic4 = {}
# Iterate through each dictionary ('dic1', 'dic2', and 'dic3') using a
loop. for d in (dic1, dic2, dic3):
# Update 'dic4' by adding the key-value pairs from the current dictionary
'd'. dic4.update(d)
# Print the combined dictionary 'dic4' containing all the key-value pairs
from 'dic1', 'dic2', and 'dic3'. print(dic4)
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Sample Output:
{1: 10, 2: 20, 3: 30, 4: 40, 5: 50, 6: 60}
Check whether a given key already exists in a
dictionary
Python Code:
# Create a dictionary 'd' with key-value pairs.
d = {1: 10, 2: 20, 3: 30, 4: 40, 5: 50, 6: 60}
# Define a function 'is_key_present' that takes an argument 'x'.
def is_key_present(x):
# Check if 'x' is a key in the dictionary 'd'. if x in d:
# If 'x' is present in 'd', print a message indicating that the key is
present.
print('Key is present in the dictionary')
else:
# If 'x' is not present in 'd', print a message indicating that the key
is not present.
print('Key is not present in the dictionary')
# Call the 'is_key_present' function with the argument 5 to check if 5 is
a key in the dictionary.
is_key_present(5)
# Call the 'is_key_present' function with the argument 9 to check if 9 is
a key in the dictionary.
is_key_present(9)
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Sample Output:
Key is present in the dictionary
Key is not present in the dictionary
Python: Iterate over dictionaries using for loops
5. Iterate Over Dictionary Using For Loops
Write a Python program to iterate over dictionaries using for loops.
Sample Solution:
Python Code:
# Create a dictionary 'd' with key-value pairs.
d = {'x': 10, 'y': 20, 'z': 30}
# Iterate through the key-value pairs in the dictionary using a for loop.
# 'dict_key' represents the key, and 'dict_value' represents the value
for each pair.
for dict_key, dict_value in d.items():
# Print the key followed by '->' and the corresponding value.
print(dict_key, '->', dict_value)
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Sample Output:
x -> 10
y -> 20
z -> 30
Python: Generate and print a dictionary that
contains a number in the form (x, x*x)
6. Generate Dictionary of Numbers and Their Squares
Write a Python script to generate and print a dictionary that contains a number (between 1
and n) in the form (x, x*x).
# Prompt the user to input a number and store it in the variable 'n'.
n = int(input("Input a number "))
# Create an empty dictionary 'd' to store the square of numbers.
d = dict()
# Iterate through numbers from 1 to 'n' (inclusive).
for x in range(1, n + 1):
# Calculate the square of each number and store it in the dictionary 'd'
with the number as the key.
d[x] = x * x
# Print the dictionary 'd' containing the squares of numbers from 1 to
'n'. print(d)
Sample Output:
10
{1: 1, 2: 4, 3: 9, 4: 16, 5: 25, 6: 36, 7: 49, 8: 64, 9: 81, 10: 100}
Python: Sum all the items in a dictionary
Write a Python program to sum all the items in a dictionary.
Sample Solution:
Python Code:
# Create a dictionary 'my_dict' with key-value pairs.
my_dict = {'data1': 100, 'data2': -54, 'data3': 247}
# Use the 'sum' function to calculate the sum of all values in the
'my_dict' dictionary.
# 'my_dict.values()' extracts the values from the dictionary, and 'sum'
calculates their sum.
result = sum(my_dict.values())
# Print the result, which is the sum of the values. print(result)
Sample Output:
293
Python: Iterate over dictionaries using for loops
Write a Python program to iterate over dictionaries using for loops.
Python Code:
# Create a dictionary 'd' with color names as keys and corresponding
numerical values as values.
d = {'Red': 1, 'Green': 2, 'Blue': 3}
# Iterate through the key-value pairs in the dictionary 'd' using a for
loop.
for color_key, value in d.items():
# Print the color name, 'corresponds to', and its corresponding numerical
value.
print(color_key, 'corresponds to ', d[color_key])
Sample Output:
Red corresponds to 1
Green corresponds to 2
Blue corresponds to 3
Python: Print a dictionary where the keys are
numbers between 1 and 15 and the values are
square of keys
Write a Python script to print a dictionary where the keys are numbers between 1 and 15
(both included) and the values are the square of the keys.
Python Code:
# Create an empty dictionary 'd' to store the squares of numbers.
d = dict()
# Iterate through numbers from 1 to 15 (inclusive).
for x in range(1, 16):
# Calculate the square of each number and store it in the dictionary 'd'
with the number as the key.
d[x] = x ** 2
# Print the dictionary 'd' containing the squares of numbers from 1 to
15.
print(d)
Sample Output:
{1: 1, 2: 4, 3: 9, 4: 16, 5: 25, 6: 36, 7: 49, 8: 64, 9: 81, 10: 100, 11:
121, 12: 144, 13: 169, 14: 196, 15:
225}
Python: Merge two Python dictionaries
Python Code:
# Create the first dictionary 'd1' with key-value pairs.
d1 = {'a': 100, 'b': 200}
# Create the second dictionary 'd2' with key-value pairs.
d2 = {'x': 300, 'y': 200}
# Create a new dictionary 'd' and initialize it as a copy of 'd1'.
d = d1.copy()
# Update the dictionary 'd' by adding key-value pairs from 'd2'.
d.update(d2)
# Print the dictionary 'd' after combining the key-value pairs from 'd1'
and 'd2.
print(d)
Sample Output:
{'x': 300, 'y': 200, 'a': 100, 'b': 200}
Python: Multiply all the items in a dictionary
Python Code:
# Create a dictionary 'my_dict' with keys 'data1', 'data2', and 'data3',
along with their respective values.
my_dict = {'data1': 100, 'data2': -54, 'data3': 247}
# Initialize a variable 'result' to 1. This variable will store the
product of all values in the dictionary.
result = 1 # Iterate through the keys in the 'my_dict' using a for loop.
for key in my_dict:
# Multiply the current 'result' by the value associated with the current
key in 'my_dict'.
result = result * my_dict[key]
# Print the final 'result,' which is the product of all values in the
dictionary.
print(result)
Sample Output:
-1333800
Python: Remove a key from a dictionary
Write a Python program to remove a key from a dictionary.
Visual Presentation:
Sample Solution:
Python Code:
# Create a dictionary 'myDict' with key-value pairs.
myDict = {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3, 'd': 4}
# Print the original dictionary 'myDict'. print(myDict)
# Check if the key 'a' exists in the 'myDict' dictionary.
if 'a' in myDict:
# If 'a' is in the dictionary, delete the key-value pair with the key
'a'.
del myDict['a']
# Print the updated dictionary 'myDict' after deleting the key 'a' (if it
existed).
print(myDict)
Sample Output:
{'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3, 'd': 4}
{'b': 2, 'c': 3, 'd': 4}
Python: Map two lists into a dictionary
Python Code:
# Create a list 'keys' containing color names.
keys = ['red', 'green', 'blue']
# Create another list 'values' containing corresponding color codes in
hexadecimal format.
values = ['#FF0000', '#008000', '#0000FF']
# Use the 'zip' function to pair each color name with its corresponding
color code and create a list of tuples.
# Then, use the 'dict' constructor to convert this list of tuples into a
dictionary 'color_dictionary'.
color_dictionary = dict(zip(keys, values))
# Print the resulting 'color_dictionary' containing color names as keys
and their associated color codes as values.
print(color_dictionary)
Sample Output:
{'red': '#FF0000', 'green': '#008000', 'blue': '#0000FF'}
Python: Sort a dictionary by key
Write a Python program to sort a given dictionary by key
Python Code:
# Create a dictionary 'color_dict' with color names as keys and their
corresponding color codes in hexadecimal format as values.
color_dict = { 'red': '#FF0000', 'green': '#008000', 'black': '#000000',
'white': '#FFFFFF' }
# Iterate through the keys of the 'color_dict' dictionary after sorting
them in lexicographical order.
for key in sorted(color_dict):
# Print each key-value pair where '%s' is a placeholder for the key and
its associated color code.
print("%s: %s" % (key, color_dict[key]))
Sample Output:
black: #000000
green: #008000
red: #FF0000
white: #FFFFFF
Python: Get the maximum and minimum value in a
dictionary
Python Code:
# Create a dictionary 'my_dict' with key-value pairs.
my_dict = {'x': 500, 'y': 5874, 'z': 560}
# Find the key with the maximum value in 'my_dict' using the 'max'
function and a lambda function.
# The 'key' argument specifies how the maximum value is determined.
key_max = max(my_dict.keys(),
key=(lambda k: my_dict[k]))
# Find the key with the minimum value in 'my_dict' using the 'min'
function and a lambda function.
# The 'key' argument specifies how the minimum value is determined.
key_min = min(my_dict.keys(),
key=(lambda k: my_dict[k]))
# Print the maximum value by using the 'key_max' to access the
corresponding value in 'my_dict'.
print('Maximum Value: ', my_dict[key_max])
# Print the minimum value by using the 'key_min' to access the
corresponding value in 'my_dict'.
print('Minimum Value: ', my_dict[key_min])
Sample Output:
Maximum Value: 5874
Minimum Value: 500
Python: Get a dictionary from an object's fields
Python Code:
# Define a class 'dictObj' that inherits from the 'object' class.
class dictObj(object):
# Define the constructor method '__init__' for initializing object
attributes.
def __init__(self):
# Initialize attributes 'x', 'y', and 'z' with string values.
self.x = 'red' self.y = 'Yellow' self.z = 'Green'
# Define a method 'do_nothing' that doesn't perform any actions
(placeholder).
def do_nothing(self): pass
# Create an instance 'test' of the 'dictObj' class.
test = dictObj()
# Print the '__dict__' attribute of the 'test' object, which contains its
attribute-value pairs.
print(test.__dict__)
Sample Output:
{'x': 'red', 'y': 'Yellow', 'z': 'Green'}
Python: Remove duplicates from Dictionary
Last update on April 21 2025 13:01:04 (UTC/GMT +8 hours)
17. Remove Duplicates from the Dictionary
Write a Python program to remove duplicates from the dictionary.
Visual Presentation:
Sample Solution:
Python Code:
# Create a nested dictionary 'student_data' containing information about
students with unique IDs.
student_data = { 'id1': { 'name': ['Sara'], 'class': ['V'],
'subject_integration': ['english, math, science'] }, 'id2': { 'name':
['David'], 'class': ['V'], 'subject_integration': ['english, math,
science'] }, 'id3': { 'name': ['Sara'], 'class': ['V'],
'subject_integration': ['english, math, science'] }, 'id4': { 'name':
['Surya'], 'class': ['V'], 'subject_integration': ['english, math,
science'] } }
# Create an empty dictionary 'result' to store unique student records.
result = {}
# Iterate through the key-value pairs in the 'student_data' dictionary
using a for loop.
for key, value in student_data.items():
# Check if the current 'value' (student record) is not already in the
'result' dictionary.
if value not in result.values():
# If the 'value' is not already in 'result', add it to 'result' with its
corresponding 'key'.
result[key] = value
# Print the 'result' dictionary containing unique student records.
print(result)
Sample Output:
{'id2': {'subject_integration': ['english, math, science'],
'class': ['V'], 'name': ['David']},
'id4': {'subje
ct_integration': ['english, math, science'],
'class': ['V'], 'name': ['Surya']},
'id1': {'subject_integration'
: ['english, math, science'],
'class': ['V'], 'name': ['Sara']}}
Python: Combine two dictionary adding values for
common keys
Python Code:
# Import the 'Counter' class from the 'collections' module. from
collections
import Counter
# Create two dictionaries 'd1' and 'd2' with key-value pairs.
d1 = {'a': 100, 'b': 200, 'c': 300}
d2 = {'a': 300, 'b': 200, 'd': 400}
# Use the 'Counter' class to create counter objects for 'd1' and 'd2',
which count the occurrences of each key.
# Then, add the counters together to merge the key-value pairs and their
counts.
d = Counter(d1) + Counter(d2)
# Print the resulting merged dictionary 'd'. print(d)
Sample Output:
Counter({'b': 400, 'd': 400, 'a': 400, 'c': 300})
Python: Print all unique values in a dictionary
Python Code:
# Create a list 'L' containing dictionaries with key-value pairs.
L = [{"V": "S001"}, {"V": "S002"}, {"VI": "S001"}, {"VI": "S005"},
{"VII": "S005"}, {"V": "S009"}, {"VIII": "S007"}]
# Print a message indicating the start of the code section.
print("Original List: ", L)
# Create a set 'u_value' to store unique values found in the dictionaries
within the list 'L'.
# Use a set comprehension to iterate through the dictionaries and values
and extract unique values.
u_value = set(val for dic in L for val in dic.values())
# Print the unique values stored in the 'u_value' set.
print("Unique Values: ", u_value)
Sample Output:
Original List: [{'V': 'S001'}, {'V': 'S002'}, {'VI': 'S001'}, {'VI':
'S005'}, {'VII': 'S005'}, {'V': 'S009'},
{'VIII': 'S007'}]
Unique Values: {'S009', 'S002', 'S007', 'S005', 'S001'}
