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Seminar 1 - Week 1_oop

This document outlines a seminar on the C programming language, covering objectives, basic concepts, simple programs, and procedural programming with functions. It includes details on the structure of a C program, data types, variable declarations, and input/output functions. Additionally, it provides examples of simple programs and function usage in C, emphasizing procedural programming techniques.

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patriciamateica33
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6 views

Seminar 1 - Week 1_oop

This document outlines a seminar on the C programming language, covering objectives, basic concepts, simple programs, and procedural programming with functions. It includes details on the structure of a C program, data types, variable declarations, and input/output functions. Additionally, it provides examples of simple programs and function usage in C, emphasizing procedural programming techniques.

Uploaded by

patriciamateica33
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SEMINAR 1

Contents
1. Objectives.............................................................................................................................................. 1
2. Basic C notions ...................................................................................................................................... 1
The form of a C program ........................................................................................................................... 1
Data types ................................................................................................................................................. 2
Variable declarations and initialization..................................................................................................... 2
Input and output functions ....................................................................................................................... 2
3. Simple programs ................................................................................................................................... 2
4. Procedural programming in C - Functions ............................................................................................ 3

1. OBJECTIVES
- get familiar with the C programming language
- solve simple problems
- procedural programming in C

2. BASIC C NOTIONS

THE FORM OF A C PROGRAM


- all C program must contain at least one function: main – the first function that is called when the
program executes
- all C statements must end with a semicolon (;)

pre-processor directives

global declarations

T f1()
{
local variables’ declarations;
C statements;
}
T f2()
{
local variables’ declarations;
C statements;
}
……

int main()
{
local variables’ declarations;
C statements;

return 0;
}

Pre-processor directives:
- the preprocessor is a separate program invoked by the compiler as the first part of the
translation
- always begin with the hash symbol “#” ()
- tell the preprocessor to perform specific actions:
o replace tokens in the text (#define)
o insert the contents of other files into the source file (#include)
o control compilation of portions of a source file (#ifdef, #ifndef, #else, #endif)

DATA TYPES
- int, float, double, char, void

VARIABLE DECLARATIONS AND INITIALIZATION


- int a, b;
- float x = 4.5;
- char s = ‘a’;

INPUT AND OUTPUT FUNCTIONS


- scanf (stdio.h)
- printf (stdio.h)

3. SIMPLE PROGRAMS
1. Write a program which prints the sum of two given integer numbers.
#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
int m = 0;
int n = 0;
int sum = 0;

printf("Input the first number: ");


scanf("%d", &m);

printf("Input the second number: ");


scanf("%d", &n);

sum = m + n;
printf("The total is: %d.\n", sum);

return 0;
}

2. Write a program which asks for your name and surname. The application will print a greeting
containing your entire name, as well as the number of characters your entire name contains.

int main()
{
char surname[50];

printf("Enter your surname, in lowercase: ");


scanf("%49s", surname);
surname[0] = toupper(surname[0]);

char firstName[100];
printf("Enter your first name: ");
scanf("%49s", firstName);
firstName[0] = toupper(firstName[0]);

strcat(firstName, " "); // add a space to the first name


printf("Hello, %s! :)\n", strcat(firstName, surname));
printf("Your entire name contains %d characters.\n", strlen(firstName)); //
firstname now contains both names + the space

return 0;
}

4. PROCEDURAL PROGRAMMING IN C - FUNCTIONS

1. Create a C function that receives as input 2 integer numbers and returns their sum and their
product.
Observation: In C, to return more than one value from a function one should use pointers, passed as
arguments to the function. Please see below.

/*
Computes the sum and product of 2 given numbers.
Input: a, b - integer numbers
Output: s, p - integer numbers representing the sum and product of a and b.
*/
void sumAndProduct(int a, int b, int* s, int* p)
{
*s = a + b;
*p = a * b;
}

int main()
{
int a = 0;
int b = 0;

printf("Enter a and b: ");


scanf("%d %d", &a, &b);

int s = 0;
int p = 1;
sumAndProduct(a, b, &s, &p);
printf("The sum is: %d and the product is: %d.\n", s, p);

system("pause");

return 0;
}

2. Write a C application with a menu based console interface which:


a. Reads a sequence of integer numbers, until 0 in encountered and prints the sum of all
read numbers.
b. Given a vector of numbers, finds the longest contiguous subsequence such that all
elements are equal.

Each requirement must be resolved using at least one function. All functions need to be specified.

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