Chương 1

Câu hỏi 1
During which stage of the fundamental test process is the testability of
requirements evaluated?

a. Test Design.
b. Test Analysis.
c. Test Execution.
d. Test Planning.
Lời giải: Refer 1.4.1 đánh giá khả năng test của requirement là của Analysis
Câu hỏi 2
Which of the following BEST describes a Test Case?

a. A testable aspect of a component or system identified as a basis for testing.

b. A description of the test objectives to be achieved and the means and the
schedule for achieving them.
c. A set of preconditions, inputs, actions, expected results and
postconditions developed based on test conditions.
d. A source to determine expected results to compare with the actual result of
the system under test.
Lời giải: Glossary tra test case ra đáp án C. A là của test condition, B là test plan, D
là test oracle
Câu hỏi 3
During the development of a software change for a system, the developer
makes a mistake in his work, which leads to a fault in the code. Unfortunately,
the fault is not found by software testing and is released into live. What is the
DEFINITE consequence of this mistake?

a. If the defect is executed, the system may fail.

b. Loss of money, time, or business reputation.
c. The system will fail, causing a defect.
d. Contractual requirements have not been met by testing.
Lời giải: Refer 1.2.3 Hậu quả cuối cùng của Mistake là gì? ta hiểu là Failure. Nhưng
A đúng vì có may fail. B sai ko liên quan đến tiền, C sai vì will fail là chắc chắn sẽ fail
( hiểu là không phải tất cả các defect đều làm cho hệ thống fail, ví dụ như lỗi sai
coding convention). D sai vì ko liên quan đến contract
Câu hỏi 4
Which of the following are benefits of an independent test team, and which are
drawbacks? a) Independent testers can find different defects. b) Developers
may put less emphasis on quality. c) Independent testers can be seen as the
reason for delayed projects. d) Independent testers can verify assumptions
made during the specification of a system

a. a and b are benefits, c and d are drawbacks.

b. b and c are benefits, a and d are drawbacks.
c. a and d are benefits, b and c are drawbacks.
d. c and d are benefits, a and b are drawbacks.
Lời giải: Refer 1.5.3
Câu hỏi 5
What are quality assurances?

a. The total costs incurred on quality activities and issues and often split into
prevention costs, appraisal costs, internal failure costs and external failure
costs.
b. The degree to which a component or system protects information and data so
that persons or other components or systems have the degree of access
appropriate to their types and levels of authorization.
c. Part of quality management focused on providing confidence that
quality requirements will be fulfilled.
d. The degree to which a component, system or process meets specified
requirements and/or user/customer needs and expectations.
Lời giải: Refer 1.2.2 và Glossary tra quality assurance ra C là đúng, A sai vì là cost
of quality, B sai vì protects information and data là của security, D sai là định nghĩa
của quality
Câu hỏi 6
Which of the following provides the BEST description of a test ware?

a. A document specifying a sequence of actions for the execution of a test. Also

known as test script or manual test script.
b. A set of input values and expected results, with execution preconditions and
execution postconditions, developed for a particular test condition.
c. An attribute of a system specified by requirements documentation (for
example reliability, usability or design constraints) that is executed in a test.
d. Work products produced during the test process for use in planning,
designing, executing, evaluating and reporting on testing
Lời giải: Refer 1.4.3 và Glossary để tra từ. D là đúng, A là của test scripts, B là test
case, C là non-functional
Câu hỏi 7
The testing approach with the least independence is:
 a. Having another developer on the same team write the tests
b. Having a tester on an independent team write the tests
c. Having the users write the tests
d. Having the developer write tests for his own code
Lời giải: refer 1.5.3 Mức độc lập thấp nhất là D
Câu hỏi 8
Which option is part of the implementation and execution area of the
fundamental test process?

a. Developing the tests.

b. Comparing actual and expected results
c. Writing a test summary.
d. Analysing lessons learnt for future releases.
Lời giải: Refer 1.4 tìm ra B. A là của Design, C là của Monitoring, D là của
Completion test
Câu hỏi 9
Which statement is most true?

a. Different testing is needed depending upon the application.

b. All software is tested in the same way.
c. A technique that finds defects will always find defects.
d. A technique that has found no defects is not useful.
Lời giải: Refer 1.3 nói về 7 nguyên lý test thì A là nguyên lý 6 Test phụ thuộc vào
ngữ cảnh và phần mềm khác nhau. B sai All, C sai kỹ thuật tìm ra lỗi luôn luôn
( always) tìm ra lỗi là sai, D sai "kỹ thuật không tìm ra lỗi là không hữu ích"
Câu hỏi 10
A bug or defect is:?

a. A mistake made by a person;

b. A run-time problem experienced by a user;
c. The result of an error or mistake;
d. The result of a failure, which may lead to an error?
Lời giải: Refer 1.2.3 sơ đồ Error- Defect- Failure thì tìm ra là C. Defect là kết quả của
1 error
Câu hỏi 11
Which of the following is correct? Debugging is:

a. Testing/checking whether the software performs correctly.

b. Checking that a previously reported defect has been corrected.
c. Identifying the cause of a defect, repairing the code and checking the fix
is correct.
 d. Checking that no unintended consequences have occurred as a result of a fix.
Lời giải: Refer 1.1.2 Debugging. D sai vì là định nghĩa của regression test, A là hoạt
động test, B là retest
Câu hỏi 12
Which list of levels of tester independence is in the correct order, starting with
the most independent first?

a. Tests designed by the author; tests designed by another member of the

development team; tests designed by someone from a different company.
b. Tests designed by someone from a different department within the company;
tests designed by the author; tests designed by someone from a different
company.
c. Tests designed by someone from a different company; tests designed
by someone from a different department within the company; tests
designed by another member of the development team.
d. Tests designed by someone from a different department within the company;
tests designed by someone from a different company; tests designed by the
author.
Lời giải: Refer 1.5.3 thứ tự của test independence đúng tứ mức độc lập cao nhất trở
xuống, C là đúng nhất
Câu hỏi 13
Which of the following defines the expected result of a test?

a. Test case
b. Test procedure
c. Test execution schedule
d. Test condition
Lời giải: Glossary tra cứu định nghĩa Test case, có chứa thông tin về expected result
của 1 cái test
Câu hỏi 14
When assembling a test team to work on an enhancement to an existing
system, which of the following has the highest level of test independence?

a. A business analyst who wrote the original requirements for the system.
b. A permanent programmer who reviewed some of the new code, but has not
written any of it.
c. A permanent tester who found most defects in the original system.
d. A contract tester who has never worked for the organization before.
Lời giải: Refer 1.5.3 các mức độ độc lập thì D là cao nhất vì contract tester là thuê
ngoài về
Câu hỏi 15
The following statements relate to activities that are part of the fundamental
test process. i. Evaluating the testability of requirements. ii. Repeating testing
activities after changes. iii. Designing the test environment set-up. iv.
Developing and prioritizing test cases. v. Verifying the environment is set up
correctly. Which statement below is TRUE?

a. (i) and (ii) are part of analysis and design, (iii), (iv) and (v) are part of test
implementation and execution.
b. (i) and (iii) , (iv) are part of analysis and design, (ii) and (v) are part of
test implementation and execution.
c. (i) and (v) are part of analysis and design, (ii), (iii) and (iv) are part of test
implementation and execution.
d. (i) and (iv) are part of analysis and design, (ii), (iii) and (v) are part of test
implementation and execution.
Lời giải: Refer 1.4.1
Câu hỏi 16
Which statement correctly describes the public and profession aspects of the
code of ethics?

a. Public: Certified software testers shall act in the best interests of their client
and employer (being consistent with the wider public interest). Profession:
Certified software testers shall advance the integrity and reputation of their
industry consistent with the public interest.
b. Public: Certified software testers shall advance the integrity and reputation of
the profession consistent with the public interest. Profession: Certified
software testers shall consider the wider public interest in their actions.
c. Public: Certified software testers shall consider the wider public interest in
their actions. Profession: Certified software testers shall participate in lifelong
learning regarding the practice of their profession and shall promote an ethical
approach to the practice of their profession.
d. Public: Certified software testers shall consider the wider public interest
in their actions. Profession: Certified software testers shall advance the
integrity and reputation of their industry consistent with the public
interest.
Lời giải: Theo 1 tài liệu trên mạng chúng tôi đọc đc thì "the code of ethics" được coi
là 1 "set of rules or regularly about good and bad behavior" cần phải được tuân thủ
theo khi phát triển và test phần mềm ( confidential information là 1 ví dụ rất rõ về cái
này) , các rules này xuất phát từ nhiều nguồn khác nhau: The benefit and interest of
public (consider act in the interest of public là xem xét đến các mối quan tâm của
cộng đồng), Professional ( tester should follow the set of values, principles,
standards and advance the integrity of their profession tester nên tuân theo các
rules, standards, principles mà team đưa ra để đảm bảo tính toàn vẹn và chuyên
nghiệp)
Câu hỏi 17
Which of the following are valid justifications for developers testing their own
code during unit testing? (i) Their lack of independence is mitigated by
independent testing during system and acceptance testing. (ii)A person with a
good understanding of the code can find more defects more quickly using
white-box techniques. (iii)Developers have a better understanding of the
requirements than testers. (iv)Testers write unnecessary incident reports
because they find minor differences between the way in which the system
behaves and the way in which it is specified to work.

a. (i) and (ii)

b. (i) and (iv)
c. (ii) and (iii)
d. (iii) and (iv)
Lời giải: Refer 1.5.3 câu hỏi là giải thích về việc developer thực hiện unit test trên
code của anh ta thì là i đúng vì thiếu độc lập ( khách quan) nên cần phải có tester
độc lập test ở phase sau, ii đúng vì developer hiểu biết về code, tìm lỗi và sửa lỗi
nhanh hơn. iii sai vì developer không thể hiểu requirement hơn tester độc lập, iv sai
vì "unnecessary incident reports"
Câu hỏi 18
Which one of the following describes the major benefit of verification early in
the life cycle?

a. It allows the identification of changes in user requirements.

b. It facilitates timely set up of the test environment.
c. It reduces defect multiplication.
d. It allows testers to become involved early in the project.
Lời giải: Refer 1.1.1 và 1.2.3 chú ý vào từ "verification early" tìm sớm lỗi sẽ ko phát
sinh nhiều vào trong các tài liệu khác
Câu hỏi 19
Even though a test that once revealed many defects is part of the regression
suite, no new test cases have been created for the module under test in a long
time. What test principle is the test team forgetting?
 a. Absence-of-errors fallacy
b. Defect clustering
c. Tests wear out
d. Early testing
Lời giải: refer 1.3. chú ý "no new test cases have been created"
Câu hỏi 20
Test objectives vary between projects and so must be stated in the test plan.
Which one of the following test objectives might conflict with the proper tester
mindset?

a. Show that the system works before we ship it.

b. Find as many defects as possible
c. Reduce the overall level of product risk
d. Prevent defects through early involvement
Lời giải: Refer 1.3 Test ko chứng minh được hệ thống làm việc hay không vì thế mà
"test objectives" và test mindset có thể bị mâu thuẫn với nhau
Câu hỏi 21
Which of the following characterises the cost of faults?

a. They are cheapest to find in the early development phases and the most
expensive to fix in the latest test phases.
b. They are easiest to find during system testing but the most expensive to fix
then.
c. Faults are cheapest to find in the early development phases but the most
expensive to fix then.
d. Although faults are most expensive to find during early development phases,
they are cheapest to fix then.
Lời giải: Refer 1.1.1 đặc điểm của chi phí về lỗi?
Câu hỏi 22
Which activity in the Fundamental Test Process creates test suites for efficient
test execution?

a. Implementation and execution

b. Analysis and design
c. Planning and control
d. Test closure
Lời giải: refer 1.4.1 chú ý "create test suites"
Câu hỏi 23
The list below (a to e) describes one major task for each of the five main
activities of the fundamental test process. Which option (A to D) places the
tasks in the correct order, by time? a) Create bi-directional traceability
between test basis and test cases. b) Check test logs against exit criteria. c)
Define the objectives of testing. d) Check planned deliverables have been
delivered. e) Comparing actual results with expected results.

a. a, c, b, e, d
b. c, a, d, e, b
c. c, a, e, b, d
d. d, a, c, b, e
Lời giải: Refer 1.4.1 Thứ tự nào diễn ra là đúng? chọn c là task của test plan, a là
của test design, e là test execution, b là evaluating exit criteria trong giai đoạn chạy
test, d là của test completion
Câu hỏi 24
Testing and Debugging are key activities in the software development
lifecycle. Which of the following are DEBUGGING activities? a) Designing tests
to find failures. b) Locating the cause of failures. c) Analysing and fixing the
defects. d) Executing tests to show failures.

a. a and d.
b. a and b.
c. b and c.
d. c and d.
Lời giải: refer 1.1.2 Kiểm tra và gỡ lỗi là các hoạt động chính trong vòng đời phát
triển phần mềm. Hoạt động nào sau đây là hoạt động DEBUGGING? chọn b c
Câu hỏi 25
Testing and Debugging are key activities in the software development
lifecycle. Which of the following are TESTING activities? a) Designing tests to
find failures. b) Locating the cause of failures. c) Analysing and fixing the
defects. d) Executing tests to show failures.

a. a and d
b. a and b.
c. b and c.
d. c and d.
Lời giải: refer 1.1.2 Kiểm tra và gỡ lỗi là các hoạt động chính trong vòng đời phát
triển phần mềm. Hoạt động nào sau đây là hoạt động THỬ NGHIỆM? chọn a, d là
của testing
Câu hỏi 26
Which of the following options BEST explains the "Tests wear out" principle of
testing?

a. If we do not regularly review and revise our tests, we’ll stop finding
defects.
b. Repeatedly running a set of tests will ensure that a system is defect free.
c. Defects are, paradoxically, often contained in a small number of modules.
d. Testing, like spraying pesticide, is an effective bug/defect removal activity
Lời giải: refer 1.3. chọn A vì "not regularly review and revise our tests" Test case
không đc review và chỉnh sửa thường xuyên
Câu hỏi 27
What does the term “Tests wear out” refer to?

a. The phenomena where a piece of code that has a lot of bugs is likely to have
more hidden, yet unfound bugs
b. The decreasing efficiency of debugging when done in code that has many
bugs
c. Reduced effectiveness of test cases that are repeated and focused on
the same scenarios
d. The redundancy of testing the same objects in both black and white box
techniques
Lời giải: refer 1.3 Thuật ngữ “Thử nghiệm hao mòn” ám chỉ điều gì? chú ý chọn C vì
"Repeated and focused on the same scenarios"
Câu hỏi 28
In the foundation level syllabus you will find the main basic principles of
testing. Which of the following sentences describes one of these basic
principles?

a. Complete testing of software is attainable if you have enough resources and

test tools
b. For a software system, it is not possible, under normal conditions, to
test all input and output combinations
c. A goal of testing is to show that the software is defect free
d. With automated testing you can make statements with more confidence about
the quality of a product than with manual testing
Lời giải: refer 1.3 Câu nào sau đây mô tả một trong những nguyên tắc cơ bản này?
chú ý vào "it is not possible" chọn B
Câu hỏi 29
Which of the following is NOT a valid objective of testing?

a. Ensuring required coverage of a test object

 b. Investigating and fixing defects in the software under test
c. Gaining confidence that the system is fit-for-purpose
d. Providing information for stakeholders' decision making
Lời giải: refer 1.1.1 chọn B vì là của debug
Câu hỏi 1
Which of the following phases in the fundamental test process is considered
to deliver a document which can be used as a major input for test process
improvement?

a. Test planning and control

b. Test implementation & execution
c. Evaluating exit criteria and reporting
d. Test project closure
Lời giải: refer 1.4.1 Giai đoạn nào sau đây trong quy trình kiểm thử cơ bản được coi
là cung cấp một tài liệu có thể được sử dụng làm đầu vào chính để cải tiến quy trình
kiểm thử? chọn D vì câu hỏi nhắc đến"test process improvement"
Câu hỏi 2
Which of the following would achieve the HIGHEST level of testing
independence for a project's system test level?

a. Training developers to design good tests for the test team to execute.
b. Outsourcing test design and execution to a different company.
c. Having the company's independent test team design and execute the tests.
d. Minimising contact between testers and developers during test design to
avoid bias.
Lời giải: refer 1.5.3 Điều nào sau đây sẽ đạt được mức độ độc lập kiểm tra CAO
NHẤT đối với cấp độ kiểm tra hệ thống của dự án? chọn D vì "Outsourcing" là cao
nhất
Câu hỏi 3
Which of the following is a valid drawback of independent testing?

a. Developer and independent testing will overlap and waste resources.

b. Developers lose the sense of responsibility and independent testers
may become a bottleneck.
c. Independent testers need extra education and always cost more
d. Independent testers will become a bottleneck and introduce problems in
incident management.
Lời giải: refer 1.5.3 Điều nào sau đây là nhược điểm hợp lý của thử nghiệm độc lập?
chọn B đúng sách
Câu hỏi 4
When considering the roles of test leader and tester, which of the following
tasks would NOT typically be performed by a tester?

a. Prepare and acquire the test data

b. Set up and check the test environment
c. Write test summary reports
d. Review tests developed by others
Lời giải: refer 1.4.5 nhiệm vụ nào sau đây thường KHÔNG được tester thực hiện?
chọn C vì của Leader
Câu hỏi 5
Which list of levels of tester independence is in the correct order, starting with
the most independent first?

a. Tests designed by the author; tests designed by another member of the

development team; tests designed by someone from a different company
b. Tests designed by someone from a different department within the company;
tests designed by the author; tests designed by someone from a different
company.
c. Tests designed by someone from a different company; tests designed
by someone from a different department within the company; tests
designed by another member of the development team.
d. Tests designed by someone from a different department within the company;
tests designed by someone from a different company; tests designed by the
author.
Lời giải: refer 1.4.5. Danh sách các cấp độ độc lập của người thử nghiệm được sắp
xếp theo đúng thứ tự, bắt đầu từ mức độ độc lập cao nhất trước tiên? chọn C
Câu hỏi 6
Handover of Testware is a part of which Phase:

a. Test Analysis and Design

b. Test Planning and control
c. Test Closure Activities
d. Evaluating exit criteria and reporting
Lời giải: refer 1.4.1 "Hand over of Testware" của phase nào? xem sách chọn C
Câu hỏi 7
Reporting Discrepancies as incidents is a part of which phase:

a. Test Analysis and Design

b. Test Implementation and execution
c. Test Closure Activities
d. Evaluating exit criteria and reporting
Lời giải: refer 1.4.1 Báo cáo sự khác biệt do sự cố là một phần của giai đoạn nào:
"Discrepancies" xem sách thì là của execution test
Câu hỏi 8
What should be the MAIN objective during development testing?

a. To cause as many failures as possible so that defects in the software

are identified and can be fixed
b. To confirm that the system works as expected and that requirements have
been met
c. To assess the quality of the software with no intention of fixing defects
d. To give information to stakeholders of the risk of releasing the system at a
given time
Lời giải: refer 1.1.1 Mục tiêu CHÍNH trong quá trình thử nghiệm phát triển là gì?
chọn A tìm đc nhiều lỗi nhất có thể, B thì là mục tiêu của Acceptance test, C đánh
giá chất lượng ko nằm trong mục tiêu của test, D là cung cấp thông tin cho các bên
ở thời điểm Release ko phải Development test nên ko chọn D
Câu hỏi 9
Which of the following is not a part of the Test Implementation and Execution
Phase?

a. Creating test suites from the test cases

b. Executing test cases either manually or by using test execution tools
c. Comparing actual results
d. Designing the Tests
Lời giải: refer 1.4.1 Cái nào ko đúng thuộc giai đoạn Test Implementation and
Execution? chọn D đúng, vì A của implementation, B C là của execution
Câu hỏi 10
Which of the following statements BEST describes one of the seven key
principles of software testing?

a. Automated tests are better than manual tests for avoiding the Exhaustive
Testing
b. Exhaustive testing is, with sufficient effort and tool support, feasible for all
software
c. It is normally impossible to test all input / output combinations for a
software system.
d. The purpose of testing is to demonstrate the absence of defects.
Lời giải: refer 1.3 Câu nào sau đây mô tả TỐT NHẤT một trong bảy nguyên tắc
chính của kiểm thử phần mềm? chọn C đúng nhất, Loại A vì so sánh này ko có căn
cứ, Loại B vì "Exhaustive testing" test tất cả không thể xảy ra cho tất cả phần mềm,
Loại D vì "demonstrate the absence of defects" là sai vì Test ko thể chứng minh sự
vắng mặt của lỗi
Câu hỏi 11
What is the benefit of independent testing?

a. More work gets done because testers do not disturb the developers all the
time
b. Independent testers tend to be unbiased and find different defects than
the developers
c. Independent testers do not need extra education and training
d. Independent testers reduce the bottleneck in the incident management
process
Lời giải: refer 1.5.3 như sách rồi
Câu hỏi 12
Which is not a major task of test implementation and execution?

a. Develop and prioritizing test cases, creating test data, writing test procedures
and optionally, preparing test harnesses and writing automated test scripts.
b. Logging the outcome of test execution and recording the identities and
versions of the software under test, test tools and testware.
c. Checking test logs against the exit criteria specified in test planning.
d. Verifying that the test environment has been set up correctly.
Lời giải: refer 1.4.1 Chọn C vì của test monitoring and control
Câu hỏi 13
Which is not the testing objective?

a. Triggering failures
b. Gaining confidence about the level of quality and providing information
c. Evaluating test basis
d. Debugging defects
Lời giải: refer 1.1.1 và 1.1.2, Debug là hoạt động gỡ lỗi ko phải mục tiêu test
Câu hỏi 14
When assembling a test team to work on an enhancement to an existing
system, which of the following has the highest level of test independence?

a. A business analyst who wrote the original requirements for the system.
b. A permanent programmer who reviewed some of the new code, but has not
written any of it.
c. A permanent tester who found most defects in the original system.
d. A contract tester who has never worked for the organization before
Lời giải: refer 1.5.3 điều nào sau đây có mức độ độc lập kiểm tra cao nhất? nhìn vào
sơ đồ chọn D vì "A contract tester" là tester thuê bên ngoài
Câu hỏi 15
The following statements relate to activities that are part of the fundamental
test process. i. Evaluating the testability of requirements. ii. Repeating testing
activities after changes. iii. Designing the test environment set-up. iv.
Developing and prioritizing test cases. v. Verifying the environment is set up
correctly. Which statement below is TRUE?

a. (i) and (ii) are part of analysis and design, (iii), (iv) and (v) are part of test
implementation and execution.
b. (i) and (iii) are part of analysis and design, (ii), (iv) and (v) are part of test
implementation and execution.
c. (i) and (v) are part of analysis and design, (ii), (iii) and (iv) are part of test
implementation and execution
d. (i) and (iv) are part of analysis and design, (ii), (iii) and (v) are part of test
implementation and execution.
Lời giải: refer 1.4. Câu này rõ ràng là i là của test analysis, iii, iv là của test design
còn lại là của implement và execution. Vì thế các bạn lăn tăn giữa đáp án B và D
đều có khả năng đúng. Tuy nhiên Đúng nhất là B vì iii là design test environment ko
thể để đến giai đoạn test implementation đc, còn iii. Design and priority là hoạt động
làm cả ở giai đoạn test design, đến test implement vẫn làm ( bạn nhớ là automation
test cũng là Test case còn gọi là test case tự động)
Câu hỏi 16
Which of the following is an example of testing as part of the requirements
specification phase?

a. A requirements review meeting

b. A business analyst eliciting requirements
c. Performing acceptance tests against requirements
d. A test report showing requirements coverage
Lời giải: refer 1.4.1. Điều nào sau đây là ví dụ về thử nghiệm như một phần của giai
đoạn đặc tả yêu cầu? chọn A vì có review, loại B vì đây "eliciting requirements" là
task của BA, C là của "acceptance tests", D là "A test report showing requirements
coverage" là sản phẩm của giai đoạn chạy test
Câu hỏi 17
Which of the following answers describes a test condition?
 a. A testable aspect of a component or system identified as a basis for
testing
b. A distinguishing characteristic of a component or system
c. The degree to which a software product provides functions which meet stated
and implied needs when the software is used under specified conditions
d. test cases designed to execute combinations of conditions and actions
resulting from them
Lời giải: Refer 1.4.1 hoặc tra glossary từ test condition
Câu hỏi 18
Which one of the following is the BEST description of a test condition?

a. An attribute of a component or system specified or implied by requirements

documentation.
b. An aspect of the test basis that is relevant to achieve specific test
objectives.
c. The capability of the software product to provide functions which meet stated
and implied needs when the software is used under specified conditions.
d. The percentage of all single condition outcomes that independently affect a
decision outcome that have been exercised by a test case suite.
Lời giải: Refer 1.4. hoặc refer lên glossary để tra định nghĩa của test condition bạn
thấy nó là 1 "aspect of test basis"
Câu hỏi 19
Which one of the statements below describes a defect discovered during
testing ?

a. The product crashed when the user selected an option in a dialog box.
b. The developer of the system forgot to rename variables after a cut-and-paste
operation
c. The developer misinterpreted the requirement for the algorithm.
d. The computation algorithm used the wrong input variables.
Lời giải: Refer 1.2.3. Mô tả nào về defect là đúng. ở đây thì A là failure rồi, B C là
Error chỉ còn D là defect
Câu hỏi 20
Which of the following is an example of a defect in a car cruise control
system?

a. The developer of the system forgot to rename variables after a cut-and-paste

operation.
b. Unnecessary code that sounds an alarm when reversing was included in the
system.
 c. The system stops maintaining a set speed when the radio volume is
increased or decreased.
d. The design specification for the system wrongly states speeds in km/h.
Lời giải: Refer 1.2.3. chọn D là lỗi sai trong tài liệu Design. ( nếu câu này đc chọn 2
đáp án thì chọn B, D, nhưng nếu chỉ đc chọn 1 thì D là đúng nhất vì wrongly của D
là sai hơn Unnecessary của B)
Câu hỏi 21
A phone ringing in a neighboring cubicle distracts a programmer causing him
to improperly program the logic that checks the upper boundary of an input
variable. Later, during system testing, a tester notices that this input field
accepts invalid input values. Which of the following correctly describes an
incorrectly coded upper bound?

a. The root cause

b. A failure
c. An error
d. A defect
Lời giải: Refer 1.2.3 chú ý vào câu hỏi đang hỏi từ nào mô tả về cái incorrectly code
Chương 2
Câu hỏi 1
Which of the following are triggers for Maintenance testing? a) System
migration from one platform to another. b) Retirement of a system. c)
Preparation for an audit of a system. d) Modifications to a system. e)
Development of a whole new system.

a. a, c and d.
b. a, d and e.
c. b, c and e.
d. a, b and d.
Lời giải: Refer 2.4.1 Triggers for Maintenance: Modification- Migration -Retirement

Câu hỏi 2
Which of the following are triggers for maintenance testing? 1. The period of
time since last regression testing a system 2. New operating system
installations 3. Changes in corporate policies and government regulations 4.
Converting a legacy system to a software package 5. Developing a new
software application Select one:

a. 2, 3, 4, and 5
b. 1, 2, 3, and 4
c. 2, 3, and 4
d. 2, 3, and 5
Lời giải: Refer 2.3 chỉ cần nhìn vào keyword là sẽ tìm ra, 2. đúng vì New OS
installations, 3 đúng vì Changes, 4 đúng vì Converting. 1 sai vì period of time, 5 sai
vì new software

Câu hỏi 3
An impact analysis after maintenance to an existing system evaluates:

a. The skills and knowledge of testers to perform regression testing

b. Different test design techniques to use for retesting after a change
c. How changes to a system might affect the unchanged areas of the
system
d. How long a legacy system can remain operational and not need replacement
Lời giải: refer 2.3 impact analysis. thì C đúng để xem mức độ phạm vi ảnh hưởng
của thay đổi lên các vùng ko thay đổi của hệ thống. A sai vì không liên quan "skills
and knowledge". B sai vì ko liên quan đến "re-testing" D sai vì không liên quan đến
việc duy trì vận hành operational của hệ thống

Câu hỏi 4
What is retesting?

a. Running the same test again in the same circumstances to reproduce the
problem.
b. A cursory run through a test pack to see if any new errors have been
introduced.
c. Checking that the predetermined exit criteria for the test phase have been met
d. Running a previously failed test against new software/data/documents
to see if the problem is solved
Lời giải: Refer 2.2 Test types. D định nghĩa của "Confirmation testing ( Retest):
confirm whether the original defect has been successfully fixed". A là định nghĩa của
Regression test, C là định nghĩa của Exit criteria. A là chỉ hoạt động tái hiện lỗi
Reproduce bug

Câu hỏi 5
Which of the following is in the correct order (typically)?

a. Unit testing, system testing, acceptance testing, maintenance testing.

b. System testing, unit testing, acceptance testing, maintenance testing.
c. Acceptance testing, system testing, maintenance testing, unit testing.
d. Unit testing, maintenance testing, system testing, acceptance testing.
Lời giải: Refer 2.2 test levels. A là thứ tự đúng nhất

Câu hỏi 6
Which of the following is not true of regression testing

a. It can be carried out at each stage of the life cycle.

b. It serves to demonstrate that the changed software works as intended.
c. It serves to demonstrate that software has not been unintentionally changed.
d. It is often automated.
Lời giải: Refer 2.2 Test types. Câu sai là B vì test cho " changed software" phần thay
đổi của phần mềm là việc của New test, không phải của regression test. Regression
test chạy lại test case ở những chỗ không thay đổi

Câu hỏi 7
One of the roles in a review is that of moderator, which of the following best
describes this role?

a. Plans the review, runs the review meeting and ensures that follow-up
activities are completed.
b. Allocates time in the plan, decides which reviews will take place and that the
benefits are delivered.
c. Writes the document to be reviewed, agrees that the document can be
reviewed, and updates the document with any changes.
d. Documents all issues raised in the review meeting, records problems and
open points.
Lời giải: Refer 3.2.3 các vai trò của review. A là của Moderator còn gọi là Leader của
review, B là của manager ra quyết định và cấp phép, C là của Author, D là Scribe

Câu hỏi 8
Which pair of definitions is correct?

a. Regression testing is checking that the reported defect has been fixed;
retesting is testing that there are no additional problems in previously tested
software.
b. Regression testing is checking there are no additional problems in previously
tested software; retesting enables developers to isolate the problem.
c. Regression testing involves running all tests that have been run before;
retesting runs new tests.
d. Regression testing is checking that there are no additional problems in
previously tested software, retesting is demonstrating that the reported
defect has been fixed.
Lời giải: Refer 2.2 Test types. A sai cả 2 vế, B sai vế thứ 2 đanh định nghĩa
debugging của lập trình, C sai vì all tests. Còn mỗi D đúng cả 2 vế

Câu hỏi 9
A top-down development strategy affects which level of testing most?

a. Component testing
b. Integration testing
c. System testing
d. User acceptance testing
Lời giải: Refer 2.2 test level.

Câu hỏi 10
Which of the following is a non-functional requirement?
 a. The system will enable users to buy books.
b. The system will allow users to return books.
c. The system will ensure security of the customer details.
d. The system will allow up to 100 users to log in at the same time.
Lời giải: Refer 2.2 test type. Chú ý mọi người hay nhầm đáp án C "ensure security of
the customer details." là 1 yêu cầu về non-functional nhưng đọc như vậy là sai. C là
1 các yêu cầu về functional về security giống như các tính năng Login, phân quyền
gọi là các tính năng về security. Còn các yêu cầu non-function về security là các yêu
cầu Protect data ( nói chung ko nói về tính năng cụ thể mà các yêu cầu chung cho
toàn hệ thống để bảo đảm an toàn)

Câu hỏi 11
Which of the following statements are true? (i) For every development activity
there is a corresponding testing activity. (ii) Each test level has the same test
objectives. (iii) The analysis and design of tests for a given test level should
begin after the corresponding development activity. (iv)Testers should be
involved in reviewing documents as soon as drafts are available in the
development life cycle.

a. (i) and (ii)

b. (iii) and (iv)
c. (ii) and (iii)
d. (i) and (iv)
Lời giải: Refer 2.1.2 good testing ( học thuộc) ii sai vì "the same test objectives". iii
sai vì "begin after the corresponding development activity"

Câu hỏi 12
What is a regression test?

a. Running the same test again in the same circumstances to reproduce the
problem.
b. A cursory run through a test pack to see if any new errors have been
introduced.
c. Checking that the predetermined exit criteria for the test phase have been met
d. Running a previously failed test against new software/data/documents to see
if the problem is solved
Lời giải: Refer 2.2.3 Test types. định nghĩa của Regression test là "Regression
testing: re-run tests to detect any introduced issues". D là định nghĩa của Retest, C
là định nghĩa của Exit criteria. A là chỉ hoạt động tái hiện lỗi Reproduce bug

Câu hỏi 13
Which of the following lists contains only non-functional tests?

a. Interoperability (compatibility) testing, System testing, performance testing

b. Load testing, stress testing, component testing, portability testing
c. Load testing, stress testing, reliability testing, performance testing
d. Load testing, stress testing, component testing, portability testing
Lời giải: refer 2.2 chỉ có C mới chứa các loại test types thuộc non-functional. B và D
có Component test là test Level, A cũng có System test là test level

Câu hỏi 14
Acceptance testing means

a. Testing performed on a single stand

b. Testing after changes have been made to ensure that no unwanted changes
were introduced
c. Testing to ensure that the system meets the needs of the organization
and end user.
d. Users test the application in the developers environment
Lời giải: refer 2.2 mục tiêu của acceptance test là validate product

Câu hỏi 15
Integration testing where all the system’s components being combined to form
the system at once.

a. System testing
b. Component testing
c. Incremental testing
d. Big-bang testing
Lời giải: refer 2.2 Kiểm thử tích hợp trong đó tất cả các thành phần của hệ thống
được kết hợp để tạo thành hệ thống cùng một lúc? Integration test level có 2 chiến
lược tích hợp, trong đó Big bang= merge code

Câu hỏi 16
Alpha testing is

a. post-release testing by end user representatives at the developer’s site.

b. the first testing that is performed.
c. pre-release testing by end user representatives at the developer’s site.
d. pre-release testing by end user representatives at their sites.
Lời giải: refer 2.2 chọn C, còn D là của Beta test, A sai vì post-release là sau release
rồi, B thì sai hoàn toàn

Câu hỏi 17
Which requirement is testable?

a. The tested application is portable.

b. Loading time of the tested web application is within 3 seconds.
c. The critical part of the tested application has no fault.
d. The tested application is user-friendly.
Lời giải: Refer 2.2 Requirement nào đủ rõ ràng và chi tiết để test đc chọn B đủ chi
tiết

Câu hỏi 18
Which of the following is a form of functional testing?
 a. Boundary value analysis
b. Usability testing
c. Performance testing
d. Security testing
Lời giải: refer 2.2. BCD đều là non functional

Câu hỏi 19
After a record of poor quality software releases (incorrect menu selection
options, new features that do not work, users allowed to change security
levels without administrator rights), you have been asked to review the test
capability in your company. You have limited time to do the review before the
next project, which type of testing would be MOST appropriate to review first?

a. Functional testing.
b. Non-functional testing
c. Performance testing
d. Structural testing.
Lời giải: Refer chapter 2.3 Test type, Họ nói là thời gian bị giới hạn thì cái test type
nào phù hợp để review đầu tiên. Lúc đầu mình thấy các lỗi họ đưa ra là thuộc về
functional thì Nếu là câu hỏi là Run test cho loại nào đầu tiên thì tất nhiên chọn
functional rồi, phần mô tả ko liên quan gì đến non-functional và performance cả. Nên
loại C, D đi vì ko mô tả gì về performance hay security cũng ko phải nhé ( users
allowed to change security levels without administrator rights -- cái này đang mô tả
tính năng chứ ko phải security). Những câu hỏi là review cái nào phù hợp ( chứ nó
ko hỏi chạy test) nên giữa A và D thì thấy review nên dùng White Box test sẽ nhanh
hơn, tập trung vào phần code đang sai

Câu hỏi 20
Where and by whom is Beta testing normally performed?

a. By customers or potential customers at their own locations

b. By an independent test team at the developing organization’s location
c. At the developing organization’s site, but not by the developing team
d. By customers or potential customers at the developing organization’s site
Lời giải: refer 2.2 chọn A là định nghĩa của Beta test, loại C D vì là định nghĩa của
Alpha test, loại B vì "an independent test team" là đội dự án ko phải bên KH

Câu hỏi 1
Which of the following apply to System Testing? a) May satisfy legal
requirements. b) Can use system specifications as a test basis. c) Often the
responsibility of business users. d) Main goal is to establish confidence. e)
Should focus on the communication between systems.

a. a and c.
b. b and d.
c. a and b.
d. c and e.
Lời giải: refer 2.2. e là của integration test, a, c là rõ ràng nhất của Acceptance test,
b là system test, còn d khá khiên cưỡng cho vào đây vì lẽ ra là của acceptance test,
nhưng system test để test the whole system nên có thể chấp nhận đc mục tiêu về
establish confidence

Câu hỏi 2
Which of the following is a characteristic of good testing in any life cycle
model?

a. Analysis and design of tests begins as soon as development is completed.

b. Some, but not all, development activities have corresponding test activities
c. Each test level has test objectives specific to that level
d. All document reviews involve the development team.
Lời giải: refer 2.1.2 theo như sách nên chọn C

Câu hỏi 3
System requirement states that up to 100 users should be able to carry out a
transaction, with responses returned within 5 seconds. What type of non-
functional testing would you carry out to verify these requirements?

a. Stress testing
b. Maintenance testing
c. Load testing
d. Usability testing
Lời giải: refer 2.3. Bạn sẽ thực hiện loại thử nghiệm phi chức năng nào để xác minh
các yêu cầu này? chọn đáp án là C. Cái này chưa đến mức stress test vì mới chỉ có
100 users thôi

Câu hỏi 4
The difference between retesting and regression testing is:

a. Re-testing is running a test again; regression testing looks for

unexpected side effects
b. Re-testing looks for unexpected side effects; regression testing is repeating
those tests
c. Re-testing is done after faults are fixed; regression testing is done earlier
d. Re-testing uses different environments, regression testing uses the same
environment
e. Re-testing is done by developers, regression testing is done by independent
testers
Lời giải: refer 2.2.3

Câu hỏi 5
According to the ISTQB Glossary, regression testing is required for what
purpose?

a. To verify the success of corrective actions.

b. To prevent a task from being incorrectly considered completed
 c. To ensure that defects have not been introduced by a modification
d. To motivate better unit testing by the programmers.
Lời giải: refer 2.2.3 mục đích của regression test? Chọn C vì có "introduced"

Câu hỏi 6
Maintenance testing is:

a. updating tests when the software has changed

b. testing a released system that has been changed
c. testing by users to ensure that the system meets a business need
d. testing to maintain business advantage
Lời giải: refer 2.3 chọn D nó đang hỏi định nghĩa của Maintenance test là .... nên chỉ
chọn B

Câu hỏi 7
For which of the following would maintenance testing be used?

a. Correction of defects during the development phase

b. Planned enhancements to an existing operational system.
c. Complaints about system quality during user acceptance testing.
d. Integrating functions during the development of a new system.
Lời giải: refer 2.3 Thử nghiệm bảo trì sẽ được sử dụng cho mục đích nào sau đây?
chọn B vì "enhancements" là đúng, loại A vì sửa lỗi trong giai đoạn phát triển
"development phase" ko phải của maintenance test, loại C vì "Complaints" phàn nàn
của KH, D loại vì "development of a new system" là phát triển hệ thống mới

Câu hỏi 8
Which of the following is not true of regression testing?

a. It can be carried out at each stage of the life cycle.

b. It serves to demonstrate that the changed software works as intended.
c. It serves to demonstrate that software has not been unintentionally changed.
d. It is often automated.
Lời giải: refer 2.2.3. chon B là đáp án vì "the changed software works as intended" là
new test kiểm tra thay đổi đã làm việc như mong đợi chưa

Câu hỏi 9
Which pair of definitions is correct?

a. Regression testing is checking that the reported defect has been fixed;
retesting is testing that there are no additional problems in previously tested
software
b. Regression testing is checking there are no additional problems in previously
tested software; retesting enables developers to isolate the problem.
c. Regression testing involves running all tests that have been run before;
retesting runs new tests
 d. Regression testing is checking that there are no additional problems in
previously tested software, retesting is demonstrating that the reported
defect has been fixed.
Lời giải: refer 2.2.3 chọn D đúng, A sai vì đang mô tả ngược của nhau, B sai về thứ
2 "retesting enables developers to isolate the problem" C sai vế đầu "Regression
testing involves running all tests"

Câu hỏi 10
Which of the following is true about the V-model?

a. It has the same steps as the waterfall model for software development
b. It is referred to as a cyclical model for software development.
c. It enables the production of a working version of the system as early as
possible
d. It enables test planning to start as early as possible.
Lời giải: refer 2.1.1 chọn đc D là đúng hoạt động lập kế hoạch test bắt đầu sớm, A
sai vì waterfall và V model là khác nhau chúng chỉ thuộc cùng 1 nhóm các mô hình
tuần tự, B và C là đặc điểm của mô hình theo giai đoạn và gia tăng ko phải của V-
model

Câu hỏi 11
Which of the following is true of iterative development?

a. It uses fully defined specifications from the start.

b. It involves the users in the testing throughout
c. Changes to the system do not need to be formally recorded.
d. It is not suitable for developing websites.
Lời giải: refer 2.1. A sai vì fully, C sai vì changed nào cũng cần recorded bất cứ
model nào, D càng sai vì ko phù hợp cho website. Chọn B vì nó mô hình này cần sự
tham gia nhiều của end user

Câu hỏi 12
A top-down development strategy affects which level of testing most?

a. Component testing
b. Integration testing
c. System testing
d. User acceptance testing
Lời giải: refer 2.2 Chiến lược phát triển từ trên xuống ảnh hưởng đến cấp độ thử
nghiệm nào nhiều nhất? nhìn sách bạn chọn đc B

Câu hỏi 13
Which of the following statements are true? (i) For every development activity
there is a corresponding testing activity. (ii) Each test level has the same test
objectives. (iii) The analysis and design of tests for a given test level should
begin after the corresponding development activity. (iv)Testers should be
involved in reviewing documents as soon as drafts are available in the
development life cycle.
 a. (i) and (ii)
b. (iii) and (iv)
c. (ii) and (iii)
d. (i) and (iv)
Lời giải: Refer 2.1.2 theo đúng sách nên ta chọn i và iv

Câu hỏi 14
To test a function, the programmer has to write a _________, which calls the
function to be tested and passes it test data:

a. Stub
b. Driver
c. Proxy
d. None of the above
Lời giải: Refer 2.2 Để kiểm tra một hàm, người lập trình phải viết một _________,
hàm này gọi hàm cần kiểm tra và truyền dữ liệu kiểm tra cho nó, cái này bạn vẽ sơ
đồ ra sẽ tìm ra đc Drivers

Câu hỏi 15
What is a regression test?

a. Running the same test again in the same circumstances to reproduce the
problem.
b. A cursory run through a test pack to see if any new errors have been
introduced.
c. Checking that the predetermined exit criteria for the test phase have been met
d. Running a previously failed test against new software/data/documents to see
if the problem is solved
Lời giải: Refer 2.2.3 Kiểm tra hồi quy là gì?chọn C đúng vì "see if any new errors
have been introduced- xem có bất kỳ lỗi nào phát sinh ko", A sai vì "reproduce the
problem- tài hiện lỗi là của LTV", C sai vì "the predetermined exit criteria" Kiểm tra
tiêu chí kết thúc là của Evaluating exit criteria, D sai vì "a previously failed test" này
là của re-test

Câu hỏi 16
You are testing a user story with three acceptance criteria: AC1, AC2 and AC3.
AC1 is covered by test case TC1, AC2 by TC2, and AC3 by TC3. The test
execution history had three test runs on three consecutive versions of the
software as image: Tests are repeated once you are informed that all defects
found in the test run are corrected and a new version of the software is
available. Which of the above tests are executed as regression tests?
 a. Only 4, 7, 8, 9
b. Only 5, 7
c. Only 4, 6, 8, 9
d. Only 5, 6
Lời giải: Refer 2.2.3. Thử nghiệm nào ở trên được thực hiện dưới dạng thử nghiệm
hồi quy? bạn nhớ là nếu kết quả lần trước Fail thì lần sau chạy lại gọi là Re-test, nếu
kết quả lần trước Pass thì lần sau chạy lại gọi là Regression test,

Câu hỏi 17
There are several characteristics of good testing in any life cycle model. Which
statement is true about the characteristics of good testing? [K1]

a. Each test level has general test objectives

b. The planning of tests for a given test level should begin during the
corresponding
c. Testers should be involved in reviewing documents as soon as drafts
are available in the development life cycle
d. For every testing activity there is a corresponding development activity.
Lời giải: Refer 2.1 nhìn kỹ nhé, chọn C đúng, D là nó viết ngược so với sách, A sai vì
general, B sai vì planning of test

Câu hỏi 18
You work as a tester in a project on a mobile application for food ordering for
one of your clients. The client sent you a list of requirements. One of them,
with high priority, says “The order must be processed in less than 10 seconds
in 95% of the cases”. You created a set of test cases in which a number of
random orders were made, the processing time measured, and the test results
were checked against the requirements. What test type did you perform?

a. Functional, because the test cases cover the user’s business requirement for
the system
b. Non-functional, because the measure the system’s performance
c. Functional, because the test cases interact with the user interface
d. Structural, because we need to know the internal structure of the program to
measure the order processing time
Lời giải: Refer 2.3 test types. chú ý vào cái yêu cầu này "less than 10 seconds"

Câu hỏi 19
Your organization’s test strategy suggests that once a system is going to be
retired, data migration shall be tested. As part of what test type is this testing
MOST likely to be performed?
 a. Maintenance testing
b. Regression testing
c. Component testing
d. Integration testing
Lời giải: refer 2.3 chú ý vào "data migration"

Chương 3

Câu hỏi 1
You are performing a review, how many comments do you find based on the
checklist? The Test Cases are as follows: TC1. Success - valid 'User Name'
and 'Password'; Customer Menu displayed TC2. Failure - 'User Name' field has
blank entry; Error Number 12 displayed TC3. Failure - 'User Id' entered does
not exist on database (i.e. unregistered user); Error Number 23 displayed TC4.
Failure - 'Password' entered does not match user's password on database;
Error Number 24 displayed You are guided by the following checklist in your
review: C1. There must be one test case to cover success C2. There must be
one test case for each error path ( validation failure) C3. Each test case must
use terminology consistent with the test basis document (field names, error
number)

a. 1.
b. 2.
c. 3.
d. 4.
Lời giải: Refer 3.2 Câu hỏi là bạn tìm đc bao nhiêu comments dựa vào checklist khi
review test case của đồng nghiệp. Comment gồm có: TC1, TC3 bị sai vì "Customer
Menu" và "'User Id' không có trong màn hình đặc tả, và thiếu 1 test case cho trường
hợp Blank password

Câu hỏi 2
When comparing Static and Dynamic test techniques, which of the following
statements is TRUE?

a. Static Testing finds failures, whilst Dynamic Testing only finds the cause of
failures.
b. Only Static Testing has the objective of identifying defects.
c. Static Testing techniques, such as reviews, can be undertaken before
Dynamic Testing, making defects cheaper to remove.
d. Static Testing is based on the execution of code, whilst Dynamic Testing
relies on examination and analysis.
Lời giải: refer 3.1.2 tìm được C đúng. A sai vì Static Testing finds failures ( failure là
phải khi chạy), B sai vì Only, D sai vì Static Testing is based on the execution of
code

Câu hỏi 3
Which defect below is MOST likely to be found by a review during static
testing?

a. Incorrect interface specifications.

b. Old versions of software in use.
c. Performance bottlenecks.
d. Broken links to web addresses.
Lời giải: Refer 3.1.3 typical defects tìm đc review là chủ yếu trong tài liệu. B là của
configuration management, C, D là của dynamic test

Câu hỏi 4
What benefits do static analysis tools have over test execution tools?

a. Static analysis tools find defects earlier in the life cycle.

b. Static analysis tools can be used before code is written.
c. Static analysis tools test that the delivered code meets business
requirements.
d. Static analysis tools are particularly effective for regression testing.
Lời giải: Refer 3.1.2 Value của Static testing là tìm thấy lỗi sớm trước Dynamic test.
B sai vì static analysis tool chủ yếu phân tích trên code. C sai vì "meets business
requirements." là của Review. D sai vì "regression testing" là của Dynamic test

Câu hỏi 5
One of the roles in a review is that of moderator, which of the following best
describes this role?

a. Plans the review, runs the review meeting and ensures that follow-up
activities are completed.
b. Allocates time in the plan, decides which reviews will take place and that the
benefits are delivered.
c. Writes the document to be reviewed, agrees that the document can be
reviewed, and updates the document with any changes.
 d. Documents all issues raised in the review meeting, records problems and
open points.
Lời giải: Refer 3.2.3 các vai trò của review. A là của Moderator còn gọi là Leader của
review, B là của manager ra quyết định và cấp phép, C là của Author, D là Scribe

Câu hỏi 6
What do static analysis tools analyze?

a. Design
b. Test cases
c. Requirements
d. Program code
Lời giải: Refer 3.1.3 ba đáp án A,B,C sai là tài liệu chỉ có thể do Review tìm ra lỗi.

Câu hỏi 7
Which of the following is most likely to be a benefit of using static techniques?

a. Fewer performance defects.

b. Productivity improvements in the development process.
c. More efficient regression testing.
d. Quick return on investment in static analysis tools.
Lời giải: Refer 3.1.2 thì thấy B đúng, static test giúp cải thiện productivity, giảm thời
gian và giảm chi phí. A,C là lỗi của dynamic, D là nhanh trả ra giá trị đầu tư là không
có

Câu hỏi 8
Which of the following are static techniques?

a. Walkthrough.
b. State transition testing.
c. Decision table testing.
d. Statement testing.
Lời giải: Refer 3.2.4 kỹ thuật static techniques không chạy source code là A. B,C,D
sai vì là của Dynamic test

Câu hỏi 9
Which one of the following roles is typically used in a review?

a. Champion.
b. Author.
c. Project sponsor.
d. Custodian.
Lời giải: Refer 3.2.3 Vai trò của review chỉ có B đúng

Câu hỏi 10
Which of the following statements are correct for walkthroughs? (i) Often led
by the author. (ii) Documented and defined results. (iii) All participants have
defined roles. (iv) Used to aid learning. (v) Main purpose is to find defects.
 a. (i) and (v) are correct.
b. (ii) and (iii) are correct.
c. (i) and (iv) are correct.
d. (iii) and (iv) are correct
Lời giải: Refer 3.2.4 Review types thì walkthrough có (i) lead by author và (iv) để
training. và ii, iii, v là đặc điểm của inspection

Câu hỏi 11
Which of the following has the typical formal review activities in the correct
sequence?

a. Kick-off, review meeting, planning, follow-up.

b. Kick-off, planning, review meeting, re-work.
c. Planning, kick-off, individual preparation, review meeting.
d. Planning, individual preparation, follow-up, re-work
Lời giải: Refer 3.2.2 review process

Câu hỏi 12
Which of the following statements are true? (i) Defects are likely to be found
earlier in the development process by using reviews rather than static
analysis. (ii) Walkthroughs require code but static analysis does not require
code. (iii) Informal reviews can be performed on code and specifications. (iv)
Dynamic techniques are generally used before static techniques. (v) Dynamic
techniques can only be used after code is ready to be executed.

a. (i), (ii), (vi).

b. (ii), (iii), (v).
c. (i), (iv), (v).
d. (i), (iii), (v).
Lời giải: Refer 3.1.2 và loại trừ ii sai vì walkthrough là hình thức review không thay
đc tool phân tích code ( review ko hết đc code). iv sai vì dynamic chạy trước static

Câu hỏi 13
An important benefit of code inspections is that they

a. enable the code to be tested before the execution environment is ready.

b. can be performed by the person who wrote the code.
c. can be performed by inexperienced staff.
d. are cheap to perform.
Lời giải: refer 3.1.2, chính là lợi ích của static testing ( inspection là hình thức của
review). A đúng vì static giúp cho việc kiểm tra code trước khi chạy ( tìm thấy lỗi
trước dynamic)

Câu hỏi 14
Which of the following statements about reviews is true?

a. Reviews cannot be performed on user requirements specifications.

b. Reviews are the least effective way of testing code.
 c. Reviews are unlikely to find faults in test plans.
d. Reviews should be performed on specifications, code, and test plans.
Lời giải: refer 3.1.3 Review sử dụng cho mọi loại tài liệu

Câu hỏi 15
Increasing the quality of the software, by better development methods, will
affect the time needed for testing (the test phases) by

a. increasing test time

b. no change
c. reducing test time
d. can’t say
Lời giải: refer 3.1.2, chú ý vào "better development methods" phương pháp phát
triển tốt hơn thì phải giúp giảm thời gian và chi phí

Câu hỏi 16
Inspections can find all the following except?

a. Requirements that have been omitted from the design documents

b. Spelling and grammar faults in the documents
c. Variables not defined in the code
d. How much of the code has been covered
Lời giải: Refer 3.2.2 câu hỏi là Inspection tìm ra tất cả lỗi trừ cái nào sau đây. D là
của dynamic test còn inspection là của static testing

Câu hỏi 17
Which statement about Static Testing is TRUE?

a. Static testing can be applied to any work product that participants know
how to read and understand.
b. Static testing must only be applied to final work products that have been
signed off.
c. Static testing must be conducted by users of the product being tested.
d. Static testing executes the code to verify the functionality is as expected.
Lời giải: refer 3.1.1 Cái nào đúng về Static testing? chọn A đúng, loại B vì "must only
be applied to final work products" chỉ áp dụng trên sản phẩm cuối cùng, C sai vì
"conducted by users", D sai vì "Static testing executes the code"

Câu hỏi 18
Which of the following statements is correct?

a. Pair programming is done with developer and tester pairing together

b. Pair programming is an alternative
c. Pair programming is used usually in waterfall model
d. Pair programming is, among other things, an informal review method
Lời giải: refer 3.2.3 review types (Pair programming là pair review)

Câu hỏi 19
Which of the following is a defect that is more likely to be found by a static
analysis tool than by other testing techniques?

a. Omission of a major requirement

b. Inadequate decision coverage
c. Component memory leakage
d. Variables that are not used improperly declared
Lời giải: refer 3.1.3 lỗi tìm đc bới static analysis tool là chủ yếu trong code

Câu hỏi 20
Which of the following types of defect would NOT be typically found by using a
static analysis tool?

a. A variable is defined but is then not used

b. A variable is used in a calculation before it is defined
c. A variable has the wrong numeric value passed into it
d. A variable is used but not declared
Lời giải: refer 3.1.3, tất cả các lỗi đều nằm trong code nhưng chọn C vì nó quá cụ
thể về "the wrong numeric value" không phải lúc nào giá trị test cũng là dạng số

Câu hỏi 1
When comparing Static and Dynamic test techniques, which of the following
statements is TRUE?

a. Static Testing finds failures, whilst Dynamic Testing only finds the cause of
failures.
b. Static Testing techniques, such as reviews, can be undertaken before
Dynamic Testing, making defects cheaper to remove.
c. Static Testing is based on the execution of code, whilst Dynamic Testing
relies on examination and analysis.
d. Only Static Testing has the objective of identifying defects.
Lời giải: refer 3.1.2 Khi so sánh các kỹ thuật kiểm tra tĩnh và động, câu nào sau đây
là ĐÚNG? Chọn B vì đúng như sách, loại A vì "Static Testing finds failures" failure là
phải dynamic test mới tìm ra, loại C vì "Static Testing is based on the execution of
code" loại D vì từ "Only"

Câu hỏi 2
One of the roles in a review is that of moderator, which of the following best
describes this role?

a. Plans the review, runs the review meeting and ensures that follow-up
activities are completed.
b. Allocates time in the plan, decides which reviews will take place and that the
benefits are delivered.
c. Writes the document to be reviewed, agrees that the document can be
reviewed, and updates the document with any changes.
 d. Documents all issues raised in the review meeting, records problems and
open points.
Lời giải: refer 3.2.2. B là của manager, C là của Author, D là recoder nên chọn A là
task của moderator

Câu hỏi 3
Which of the following statements are correct for walkthroughs? (i) Often led
by the author. (ii) Documented and defined results. (iii) All participants have
defined roles. (iv) Used to aid learning. (v) Main purpose is to find defects.

a. (i) and (v) are correct

b. (ii) and (iii) are correct.
c. (i) and (iv) are correct.
d. (iii) and (iv) are correct.
Lời giải: refer 3.2.4 Câu nào sau đây đúng về walkthrough? thì i đúng và iv đúng ( iv
ý nghĩa là để training, education và learning)

Câu hỏi 4
What benefits do static analysis tools have over test execution tools?

a. Static analysis tools find defects earlier in the life cycle

b. Static analysis tools can be used before code is written.
c. Static analysis tools test that the delivered code meets business
requirements.
d. Static analysis tools are particularly effective for regression testing.
Lời giải: Refer 3.1.2 Các công cụ phân tích tĩnh có lợi ích gì so với các công cụ thực
hiện kiểm thử? Chọn A vì tìm đc lỗi sớm là đúng, loại B vì "used before code is
written" static analysis tool chỉ phân tích trên các sản phẩm có cấu trúc như code,
mà nếu chưa có code thì làm sao bật tool để phân tích, C sai vì "meets business
requirements" cái này phải của review tìm ra, loại D vì "regression testing" là của
dynamic test

Câu hỏi 5
You are reading a user story in the product backlog to prepare for a meeting
with the product owner and a developer, noting potential defects as you go.
Which TWO of the following statements is true about this activity?

a. It is not a static test, because static testing involves execution of the test
object
b. It is not a static test, because static testing is always performed using a tool
c. It is a static test, because any defects you find could be found cheaper
during dynamic testing
d. It is a static test, because static testing does not involve execution of
the test object
Lời giải: Refer 3.1.3. Hai cái nào đúng về việc mà bạn "reading a user story"? đây là
1 hoạt động review nên nó là static test là chắc chắn, đúng nhất theo định nghĩa là D
review thì "not involve execution of the test object", đúng thứ nhì là C nó giúp tìm ra
lỗi rẻ hơn dynamic testing
Câu hỏi 6
Which TWO of the following statements on the use of checklists in a formal
review is CORRECT?

a. As part of the review planning, the reviewers create the checklists needed for
the review
b. As part of the individual review, the reviewers fill in the checklists
provided for the review
c. As part of the review meeting, the reviewers create defect reports based on
the checklists provided for the review
d. As part of the review initiation, the reviewers receive the checklists
needed for the review
Lời giải: Refer 3.2.1 Review process. Đáp án D đúng vì nhiệm vụ của Initiate review
( kick-off) thì phân phát các tài liệu và material cho reviewers, thì trong đó reviewer
cũng nhận đc checklist để review. Và đáp án B mình sửa là trong giai đoạn
individual review ( cá nhân tự chuẩn bị cho review) thì họ sẽ fill kết quả vào checklist
những comments hoặc defects mà họ tìm đc là đúng. (nếu đề thi để là trong Review
Meeting mới fill thông tin vào checklist thì cũng tạm chấp nhận đc.) Còn A sai vì
planning ko có nhiệm vụ của reviewer ( đây là nhiệm vụ của moderator). C sai vì tạo
defect report là nhiệm vụ của Fixing and Reporting

Câu hỏi 7
Decide which of the following statements (i-v) are true for static testing. i.
Abnormal external behaviors are easier to identify with this testing ii.
Discrepancies from a coding standard are easier to find with this testing iii. It
identifies failures caused by defects when the software is run iv. Its test
objective is to identify defects as early as possible v. Missing coverage for
critical security requirements is easier to find and fix

a. i, iv, v are true for static testing

b. i, iii, iv are true for static testing
c. ii, iii are true for static testing
d. ii, iv, v are true for static testing
Lời giải: Refer 3.1.3. Chú ý vào ii đúng vì "Discrepancies from a coding standard", v
đúng vì "security requirements", iv đúng vì " identify defects as early as" còn lại các
cái khác sai vì i sai vì "behaviors" của dynamic, iii sai vì " identifies failures" của
dynamic

Câu hỏi 8
What task may management take on during a formal review?

a. Taking overall responsibility for the review

b. Deciding what is to be reviewed
c. Ensuring the effective running of review meetings, and mediating, if necessary
d. Recording review information such as review decisions
Lời giải: Refer 3.2.2 roles and responsibility. B là của management, còn lại A, C,D là
của moderator,
Câu hỏi 9
Which of the following review types has its purpose of discussing, making
decisions, evaluating alternatives, solving technical problems and checking
conformance to specifications, plans, regulations and standards? [K2]

a. Informal
b. Walkthrough
c. Technical Review
d. Inspection
Lời giải: Refer 3.2.3 Bạn chú ý vào đoạn "solving technical problems and checking
conformance to specifications" kỹ thuật mà xử lý các vấn đề về kỹ thuật, kiểm tra
xem có thỏa mãn với tài liệu đặc tả hay ko thì là Technical Review rồi