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Java Unit Answers

The document provides an introduction to Java, covering its features, differences with C/C++, and the concepts of JVM, JRE, and JDK. It explains control structures, object-oriented programming principles, exception handling, packages, interfaces, and applet life cycles. Additionally, it includes example programs demonstrating basic Java syntax and functionalities.

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8 views5 pages

Java Unit Answers

The document provides an introduction to Java, covering its features, differences with C/C++, and the concepts of JVM, JRE, and JDK. It explains control structures, object-oriented programming principles, exception handling, packages, interfaces, and applet life cycles. Additionally, it includes example programs demonstrating basic Java syntax and functionalities.

Uploaded by

kakasabhebdushing1234
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Unit 1: Introduction to Java

Q: What is Java? Explain features of Java.

A: Java is a high-level, class-based, object-oriented programming language that is

designed to have as few implementation dependencies as possible.

Features: Platform Independent, Object-Oriented, Simple, Secure, Robust,

Multithreaded, Architecture Neutral, Portable, High Performance.

Q: Difference between Java and C/C++.

A: Java is platform-independent, uses a virtual machine, and doesn't support pointers

explicitly, while C/C++ are platform-dependent, compile to native code, and support

pointers.

Q: Explain Java Virtual Machine (JVM), JRE, and JDK.

A: JVM runs Java bytecode, JRE includes JVM and libraries to run Java apps, and JDK

includes JRE plus tools to develop Java apps.

Q: Write a program to display "Hello, World!" in Java.

A: public class HelloWorld {

public static void main(String[] args) {

System.out.println("Hello, World!");

Q: Explain data types and variables in Java with examples.

A: Data types: int, float, double, char, boolean, etc.

Example: int x = 10; double y = 5.5; char c = 'A'; boolean flag = true;

Unit 2: Control Structures & Arrays


Q: Explain if-else, switch-case, while, do-while, and for loops with syntax and examples.

A: if-else: if (condition) {...} else {...}

switch-case: switch (var) { case val: ... break; ... }

while: while(cond) {...}


do-while: do {...} while(cond);

for: for(init; cond; inc) {...}

Q: Write a Java program to find the largest of three numbers using if-else.

A: int a=10, b=20, c=15;

if(a>=b && a>=c) System.out.println(a);

else if(b>=a && b>=c) System.out.println(b);

else System.out.println(c);

Q: Explain break and continue statements with examples.

A: break exits a loop; continue skips to next iteration.

Example:

for(int i=0; i<5; i++) { if(i==3) break; }

for(int i=0; i<5; i++) { if(i==2) continue; }

Q: What are arrays? Write a program to find the sum of array elements.

A: Array is a collection of similar data types.

int[] arr = {1,2,3}; int sum = 0;

for(int i: arr) sum += i;

System.out.println(sum);

Unit 3: Object-Oriented Programming


Q: Explain OOP principles: Encapsulation, Inheritance, Polymorphism, Abstraction.

A: Encapsulation: binding data/methods.

Inheritance: acquire properties.

Polymorphism: many forms.

Abstraction: hiding internal details.

Q: Define class and object in Java. Write a program to create a class and object.

A: class Car { int speed; }

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {


Car c = new Car();

Q: What is constructor? Types of constructors.

A: Constructor initializes objects. Types: Default, Parameterized, Copy constructors.

Q: Explain method overloading and method overriding with examples.

A: Overloading: same method name, different params.

Overriding: subclass method redefines parent method.

Q: Write a program to implement single inheritance.

A: class A { void show(){} }

class B extends A { void display(){} }

Unit 4: String Handling and Exception


Q: Difference between String and StringBuffer.

A: String is immutable, StringBuffer is mutable and thread-safe.

Q: Write a program to reverse a string.

A: String s = "hello";

StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(s);

sb.reverse();

System.out.println(sb);

Q: What is exception handling? Explain try-catch-finally.

A: Mechanism to handle runtime errors. try contains code, catch handles exception,

finally executes always.

Q: Write a program to handle divide-by-zero exception.

A: try { int a = 5/0; } catch(ArithmeticException e) { System.out.println(e); }

Q: Explain built-in exceptions in Java.

A: Examples: ArithmeticException, NullPointerException,

ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException, NumberFormatException.
Unit 5: Packages and Interfaces
Q: What is a package? How to create and use it?

A: Package is a namespace. Use 'package pkgName;' and import it using 'import

pkgName.*';

Q: Define interface. Difference between class and interface.

A: Interface is a reference type with abstract methods. Interface can’t have method

bodies (till Java 7).

Q: Write a program to implement an interface.

A: interface Animal { void sound(); }

class Dog implements Animal {

public void sound() { System.out.println("Bark"); }

Q: Difference between abstract class and interface.

A: Abstract class can have method bodies and constructors; interface can’t (till Java 7),

supports multiple inheritance.

Unit 6: Applet and AWT


Q: What is an Applet? How is it different from an application?

A: Applet runs in browser, no main method; application runs standalone.

Q: Explain the life cycle of an Applet.

A: init(), start(), paint(), stop(), destroy()

Q: Write a simple Applet program.

A: public class MyApplet extends Applet {

public void paint(Graphics g) {

g.drawString("Hello Applet", 50, 50);

Q: Explain AWT controls like Button, Label, TextField, etc.


A: AWT provides UI components: Button b = new Button("Click"); Label l = new

Label("Name"); TextField tf = new TextField();

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