COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

PUTRAJAYA CAMPUS

TEST 3

SEMESTER 1, 2023 / 2024

PROGRAMME : Bachelor of Electrical & Electronics Engineering

(Honours.) /
Bachelor of Electrical Power Engineering (Honours) /
Bachelor of Mechanical Engineering (Honours) /
Bachelor of Civil Engineering (Honours)

SUBJECT CODE : MATB1024

SUBJECT : Differential Equations

DATE : January / February 2024

DURATION : 2 Hours

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:

1. This paper contains FOUR (4) questions in ONE (1) page.

2. Answer ALL questions.

3. Write all answers in the answer booklet provided.

4. Write answer to EACH question on a new page.

5. Formula sheets on rules of derivatives, trigonometric identities and a table of

Laplace transform are attached with this question paper.

THIS QUESTION PAPER CONSISTS OF FOUR (4) PRINTED PAGES

INCLUDING THIS COVER PAGE

Page 1 of 4
 MATB1024, Semester 1, 2023/2024

QUESTION 1 [12 MARKS]

(a) Use the Table of Laplace transform to solve the Laplace transform of
𝑓(𝑡) = (𝑒 −3𝑡 + 𝑡 4 )2 + sin(𝜋 − 2𝑡) [5 Marks]

(b) Use the Table of Laplace transform to solve the inverse Laplace transform of

4 𝑠+3
𝐹(𝑠) = + 2
𝑠2 + 3𝑠 𝑠 − 4𝑠 − 32
[7 Marks]

QUESTION 2 [7 MARKS]

Use the Laplace transform to solve the following initial-value problem.

𝑦 ′′ + 5𝑦 = 𝛿(𝑡 − 3) ; 𝑦(0) = 1, 𝑦′(0) = 0

QUESTION 3 [9 MARKS]

Consider the following periodic function given by

sin 𝑡 , 0 ≤ 𝑡 < 𝜋
𝑓(𝑡) = { ; 𝑓(𝑡 + 2π) = 𝑓(𝑡), for all 𝑡 ≥ 2π.
−1 , 𝜋 ≤ 𝑡 < 2𝜋

Evaluate the Laplace Transform of the periodic function f (t ) by using the unit step function.

QUESTION 4 [12 MARKS]

(a) By using the convolution theorem, evaluate

𝑡
ℒ {∫0 𝑒 4(𝑡−𝜏) 𝜏 sin(2𝜏) 𝑑𝜏} [4 Marks]

(b) Use the Laplace transform to solve the following integral equation.
𝑡
𝑓(𝑡) − ∫0 𝑒 −𝜏 𝑓(𝑡 − 𝜏)𝑑𝜏 = cos 𝑡 [8 Marks]

-END OF QUESTION PAPER-

Page 2 of 4
 MATB1024, Semester 1, 2023/2024

FORMULA SHEETS

Rules of Derivatives
( u = f ( x) , v = g ( x) , f and g are differentiable functions)

d du
Power rule: (u n ) = n u n −1 , n
dx dx

d dv du
Product rule: (uv) = u +v
dx dx dx

du dv
v −u
d u dx dx
=
dx  v 
Quotient rule:
v2

dy dy dv
Chain rule: = , y = f (v)
dx dv dx

Trigonometric Identities
sin A tan A  tan B
1 tan A = 13 tan( A  B ) =
cos A 1 m tan A tan B
1 cos A
2 cot A = = 14 sin 2 A = 2sin A cos A
tan A sin A
1 cos 2 A = (cos2 A) − (sin 2 A) = 1 − (2sin 2 A)
3 sec A = 15
cos A = (2 cos2 A) − 1
1 2 tan A
4 csc A = 16 tan 2 A =
sin A 1 − tan 2 A
1
5 sin 2 A + cos2 A = 1 17 sin A cos B = sin( A + B) + sin( A − B) 
2
1
6 1 + tan 2 A = sec2 A 18 cos A sin B = sin( A + B) − sin( A − B)
2
1
7 1 + cot 2 A = csc2 A 19 cos A cos B = cos( A − B) + cos( A + B)
2
1
8 sin(− A) = − sin A 20 sin A sin B = cos( A − B) − cos( A + B)
2
1 − cos 2 A
9 cos(− A) = cos A 21 sin 2 A =
2
1 + cos 2 A
10 tan(− A) = − tan A 22 cos 2 A =
2

11 sin( A  B) = sin A cos B  cos A sin B 23 cosh 2 A − sinh 2 A = 1

12 cos(𝐴 ± 𝐵) = cos 𝐴 cos 𝐵 ∓ sin 𝐴 sin 𝐵 24 tanh 2 A = 1 − sech 2 A

Page 3 of 4
 MATB1024, Semester 1, 2023/2024

Table of Laplace Transform

f (t ) L  f (t ) = F ( s) f (t ) L  f (t ) = F ( s)

1 (s − a)
1 1 14 eat cosh kt
s ( s − a)2 − k 2

1 2ks
2 15
( s2 + k 2 )
t t sin kt 2
s2

tn n! s2 − k 2

( s2 + k 2 )
3 n is a positive 16 t cos kt 2
s n +1
integer
2ks
1
( s2 − k 2 )
4 at 17 t sinh kt 2
e
s−a

k s2 + k 2

( s2 − k 2 )
5 sin kt 18 t cosh kt 2
s2 + k 2

s s n F ( s) − s n−1 f (0) − s n−2 f (0) −

6 cos kt 19 f ( n) (t )
s2 + k 2 ... − f ( n−1) (0)
k
7 sinh kt 20 eat f (t ) F ( s − a)
s − k2
2

s
8 cosh kt 21 f (t − a)u(t − a) e− as F ( s)
s − k2
2

1
u(t − a) e−as
9 teat 22
(s − a) 2
s
n!
10 t n eat 23 g (t )u (t − a) e−as L  g (t + a)
( s − a )n +1
k dn
11 eat sin kt 24 t n f (t ) (−1)n F ( s)
(s − a) + k 2 2
ds n
(s − a) t
12 eat cos kt
(s − a) + k 2 2 25 0 f ( ) g (t −  )d F ( s)G( s)

k
13 eat sinh kt 26  (t − t0 ) e− st0
( s − a)2 − k 2

Transform of a Periodic Function:

T − st
0 e
1 1
L  f (t ) = f (t )dt or L  f (t ) = L h(t )
− sT
1− e 1 − e − sT

where f (t ) is a periodic function with period T and h(t ) is the function f (t ) specified over the interval [0,T]
and zero elsewhere.

Page 4 of 4
 Test 3 MATB1024 Differential Equations (Marking Scheme), Semester 1 2023/24

QUESTION 1 (12 Marks)

(a) ℒ(𝑒 −3𝑡 + 𝑡 4 )2 + sin(𝜋 − 2𝑡) = ℒ{𝑒 −6𝑡 + 2𝑡 4 𝑒 −3𝑡 + 𝑡 8 + sin 𝜋 cos 2𝑡 − cos 𝜋 sin 2𝑡}

= ℒ{𝑒 −6𝑡 + 2𝑡 4 𝑒 −3𝑡 + 𝑡 8 + 0(cos 2𝑡) − (−1)(sin 2𝑡)}

1 2(4!) 8! 2
= + + +
𝑠 + 6 (𝑠 + 3)5 𝑠 9 𝑠 2 + 4
[5 Marks]

4 𝑠+3 4 𝑠+3
(b) ℒ-1 {𝑠2 +3𝑠 + 𝑠2 −4𝑠−32} = ℒ-1 {𝑠(𝑠+3) + (𝑠−2)2 −36}

𝐴 𝐵 𝑠−2 5
= ℒ-1{ 𝑠 + 𝑠+3 + (𝑠−2)2 −36 + (𝑠−2)2−36}

4/3 4/3 𝑠−2 5 6

= ℒ-1{ − 𝑠+3 + (𝑠−2)2 −36 + 6 (𝑠−2)2 −36}
𝑠

4 4 5
= 3 − 3 𝑒 −3𝑡 + 𝑒 2𝑡 cosh 6𝑡 + 6 𝑒 2𝑡 sinh 6𝑡

[7 Marks]
 Test 3 MATB1024 Differential Equations (Marking Scheme), Semester 1 2023/24

QUESTION 2 [7 MARKS]

Use the Laplace transform to solve the following initial-value problem.

𝑦 ′′ + 5𝑦 = 𝛿(𝑡 − 3) ; 𝑦(0) = 1, 𝑦′(0) = 0

𝐿{𝑦′′} + 5𝐿{𝑦} = 𝐿{𝛿(𝑡 − 3)}

𝑠 2 𝑌(𝑠) − 𝑠𝑦(0) − 𝑦 ′ (0) + 5𝑌(𝑠) = 𝑒 −3𝑠

𝑠 2 𝑌(𝑠) − 𝑠 + 5𝑌(𝑠) = 𝑒 −3𝑠

(𝑠 2 + 5)𝑌(𝑠) = 𝑒 −3𝑠 + s

𝑒 −3𝑠 𝑠
𝑌(𝑠) = 2 + 2
𝑠 +5 𝑠 +5

−1 {𝑌(𝑠)} −1
𝑒 −3𝑠 𝑠
𝐿 =𝐿 { 2 + 2 }
𝑠 +5 𝑠 +5

1
Solution: 𝑦(𝑡) = 𝑈(𝑡 − 3) sin(√5(𝑡 − 3)) + cos √5 𝑡
√5
 Test 3 MATB1024 Differential Equations (Marking Scheme), Semester 1 2023/24

QUESTION 3 [9 MARKS]

sin 𝑡 , 0 ≤ 𝑡 < 𝜋
𝑓(𝑡) = { ; 𝑓(𝑡 + 2π) = 𝑓(𝑡), for all 𝑡 ≥ 2π.
−1 , 𝜋 ≤ 𝑡 < 2𝜋
Evaluate the Laplace Transform of the periodic function f (t ) by using the unit step function.

Step 1:
Define,
sin 𝑡 , 0 ≤ 𝑡 < 𝜋
ℎ(𝑡) = { −1 , 𝜋 ≤ 𝑡 < 2𝜋
0 , 𝑡 ≥ 2𝜋
Step 2:
In terms of unit step functions,
ℎ(𝑡) = sin 𝑡 [1 − 𝑢(𝑡 − 𝜋)] − 1[𝑢(𝑡 − 𝜋) − 𝑢(𝑡 − 2𝜋)]
= sin 𝑡 − sin 𝑡 𝑢(𝑡 − 𝜋) − 𝑢(𝑡 − 𝜋) + 𝑢(𝑡 − 2𝜋)

Step 3:
𝐿{ℎ(𝑡)} = 𝐿{sin 𝑡} − 𝐿{sin 𝑡 𝑢(𝑡 − 𝜋)} − 𝐿{𝑢(𝑡 − 𝜋)} + 𝐿{𝑢(𝑡 − 2𝜋)}
1 −𝜋𝑠
𝑒 −𝜋𝑠 𝑒 −2𝜋𝑠
= − 𝑒 𝐿{sin(𝑡 + 𝜋)} − +
𝑠2 + 1 𝑠 𝑠
1 −𝜋𝑠
𝑒 −𝜋𝑠 𝑒 −2𝜋𝑠
= − 𝑒 𝐿{sin 𝑡 cos 𝜋 + cos 𝑡 sin 𝜋} − +
𝑠2 + 1 𝑠 𝑠
1 −𝜋𝑠
𝑒 −𝜋𝑠 𝑒 −2𝜋𝑠
= − 𝑒 𝐿{−sin 𝑡} − +
𝑠2 + 1 𝑠 𝑠
1 −𝜋𝑠
1 𝑒 −𝜋𝑠 𝑒 −2𝜋𝑠
= + 𝑒 ( ) − +
𝑠2 + 1 𝑠2 + 1 𝑠 𝑠

Step 4:
1 1
𝐿{𝑓(𝑡)} = −𝑠𝑇
𝐿{ℎ(𝑡)} = 𝐿{ℎ(𝑡)}
1−𝑒 1 − 𝑒 −2𝜋𝑠
 Test 3 MATB1024 Differential Equations (Marking Scheme), Semester 1 2023/24

QUESTION 4 [12 MARKS]

(a) By using the convolution theorem,

𝑡
ℒ{∫0 𝑒 4(𝑡−𝜏) 𝜏 sin(2𝜏) 𝑑𝜏} = ℒ{𝑒 4𝑡 ∗ 𝑡 sin(2𝑡)}

= ℒ{𝑒 4𝑡 } ℒ{𝑡 sin(2𝑡)}

1 4𝑠
=( )( 2 )
𝑠 − 4 (𝑠 + 4)2

(b) Use the Laplace transform to solve the following integral equation,
𝑡
𝑓(𝑡) − ∫0 𝑒 −𝜏 𝑓(𝑡 − 𝜏)𝑑𝜏 = cos 𝑡

𝑓(𝑡) − [𝑒 −𝑡 ∗ 𝑓(𝑡)] = cos 𝑡

𝐿{𝑓(𝑡)} − 𝐿{𝑒 −𝑡 ∗ 𝑓(𝑡)} = 𝐿{cos 𝑡}

𝑠
𝐹(𝑠) − 𝐿{𝑒 −𝑡 }𝐿{𝑓(𝑡)} =
𝑠2 + 1

𝐹(𝑠) 𝑠
𝐹(𝑠) − = 2
𝑠+1 𝑠 +1

1 𝑠 𝑠 𝑠
(1 − ) 𝐹(𝑠) = 2 ⇒ ( ) 𝐹(𝑠) = 2
𝑠+1 𝑠 +1 𝑠+1 𝑠 +1

𝑠 𝑠+1 𝑠+1
𝐹(𝑠) = ( 2 )( )= 2
𝑠 +1 𝑠 𝑠 +1

𝑠 1
𝐹(𝑠) = + 2
𝑠2 +1 𝑠 +1

𝑠 1
𝑓(𝑡) = 𝐿−1 { + 2 } = cos 𝑡 + sin 𝑡
𝑠2 +1 𝑠 +1