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Hardware Admin Prac2

The document outlines troubleshooting methods for hard drive issues, including grinding noises, startup failures, unrecognized drives, and data access problems, along with preventive measures against software attacks like viruses and phishing. It also provides a checklist for motherboard upgrades and lists diagnostic software for troubleshooting hardware issues. Additionally, it details RAM testing functions and essential tools for PC maintenance.

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mvunduracarlington
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8 views3 pages

Hardware Admin Prac2

The document outlines troubleshooting methods for hard drive issues, including grinding noises, startup failures, unrecognized drives, and data access problems, along with preventive measures against software attacks like viruses and phishing. It also provides a checklist for motherboard upgrades and lists diagnostic software for troubleshooting hardware issues. Additionally, it details RAM testing functions and essential tools for PC maintenance.

Uploaded by

mvunduracarlington
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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QUESTION ONE

a) Troubleshooting Hard Drive Issues


i. Problem #1: Grinding noises
 Possible causes:
o A failing hard drive due to mechanical issues.

o Physical damage to the disk platters or spindle motor.

o Overheating or wear and tear from extensive usage.

 Solutions:
o Immediately back up any critical data from the drive.

o Replace the failing hard drive with a new one.

o Consider using a Solid-State Drive (SSD) as a replacement for better reliability.

ii. Problem #2: A computer won’t start


 Diagnosis:
o Check the error message displayed at POST (Power-On Self-Test).

o Common causes include corrupted operating system files or a disconnected hard


drive.
 Correction:
o Ensure the hard drive connections (SATA/Power cables) are secure.

o Run diagnostics to check for drive errors.

o If the issue persists, reinstall the operating system or replace the hard drive.

iii. Problem #3: A second hard drive is not recognized


 System firmware checks:
o Access the BIOS/UEFI settings and check if the second hard drive is detected.

o Ensure the SATA port or connection is enabled.

o Verify proper configuration of the hard drive as Master/Slave (if applicable).

iv. Problem #4: Hard drive data access issues


 Explanation of the error message:
o The message “Can’t access this drive” typically indicates file system corruption or
insufficient permissions.
 Steps to resolve:
o Verify drive health using a disk management tool or SMART analysis.

o Check the file system format (e.g., NTFS, FAT32).

o Use disk repair utilities (e.g., CHKDSK on Windows) to fix errors.

o Ensure the user has the necessary permissions to access the drive.

QUESTION TWO
a) Software Attacks and Prevention
1. Virus/Malware attack:
o Prevention:

 Install and regularly update antivirus software.


 Avoid downloading files or clicking links from unknown sources.
2. Phishing attack:
o Prevention:

 Educate users about phishing tactics.


 Use email filtering tools and two-factor authentication.
b) Motherboard Upgrade Checklist
Processor Compatibility: Ensure the motherboard supports the desired CPU socket type.
1. RAM Compatibility: Check for the type and maximum capacity of RAM supported.
2. Form Factor: Match the size of the motherboard with the PC case.
3. Expansion Slots: Ensure sufficient PCIe slots for future upgrades (e.g., GPU, sound
cards).
4. Ports and Connectivity: Look for USB, audio, Ethernet, and SATA ports based on
needs.
5. Power Requirements: Confirm that the power supply unit is adequate.
6. BIOS/UEFI Updates: Ensure firmware support for new hardware.
7. Budget Considerations: Balance features with affordability.
c) Diagnostic Software for Troubleshooting
1. MemTest86: Tests for memory errors in RAM.
2. HWMonitor: Monitors hardware health, such as temperatures and voltages.
3. CrystalDiskInfo: Analyzes hard drive health and performance.
4. BlueScreenView: Identifies causes of Blue Screen of Death (BSOD) errors.
d) RAM/Memory Tester Functions
 Bit testing: Identifies individual faulty memory cells.
 Stress testing: Ensures stability under high load conditions.
 Error pattern identification: Detects repeating error patterns in memory chips.
 Speed testing: Measures the actual read/write speed of the RAM.
 Address range testing: Verifies proper mapping of memory addresses.
e) Tools in a Standard PC Toolkit
1. Screwdrivers: To open and assemble PC components.
2. Multimeter: For checking electrical continuity and power supply output.
3. Cable ties: For efficient cable management.
4. Thermal paste: For proper CPU cooling.
5. Antistatic wrist strap: To prevent damage from static electricity.

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