MATHEMATICS PAPER IIB

COORDINATE GEOMETRY AND CALCULUS.

Time: 3hrs Max. Marks.75

Note: This question paper consists of three sections A, B and C.

SECTION -A

Very Short Answer Type Questions. 10 X 2 = 20

1. Find the condition that the tangents Drawn from (0,0) to S x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c =
0 be perpendicular to each other.

2. Find the length of the chord intercepted by the circle x2 +y2 – x + 3y – 22 = 0 on the line
y = x -3
2 2 2 2
3. Show that x + y + 2lx + 4 = 0; x + y + 2my - g = 0 Circles intersect each other
orthogonally.
4. Find the vertex and focus of x2–6x–6y+6 = 0.

5. If 3x – 4y + k = 0 is a tangent to x2 – 4y2 = 5, find value of k.

1 + x log x 
6. Evaluate ∫ e x   dx on (0, ∞).
 x 

dx
7. Evaluate ∫ 1 + ex , x ∈ R
π/2
cos x
8. Evaluate ∫ dx
−π / 2 1 + e
x

π/4
9. Evaluate ∫ sec4 θdθ
0
 dy 2x − y + 1
10. Solve =
dx x + 2y − 3

SECTION -B

Short Answer Type Questions.

Answer Any Five of the Following 5 X 4 = 20

11. If the two circles x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy = 0 and x2 + y2 + 2g′x + 2f′y = 0 touch each
other then show that f′g = fg′.
12. Find the equations of the tangents to the circle x2+y2 + 2x – 2y – 3 = 0 which are perpendicular to
3x –y+4=0

x 2 y2
13. Find the condition for the line lx + my + n = 0 to be a normal to the ellipse 2 + 2 = 1
a b
14. Find the equation of the tangents to 9x2 + 16y2 = 144 which makes equal intercepts
on coordinate axes.

15. If e, e1 be the eccentricity of a hyperbola and its conjugate hyperbola then

1 1
+ =1.
e2 e12

 (n!)1/ n 
16. Evaluate lim  
n →∞
 n 

dy −1
17. Solve (1 + x 2 ) + y = e tan x
dx
 SECTION - C
Long Answer Type Questions.
Answer Any Five of the Following 5 X 7 = 35

18. Find the equation of the circle passing through (0,0) and making intercepts 4,3 on

X – axis and Y –axis respectively.

19. Show that the equation to the pair of tangents to the circle S = 0 from P(x1, y1) is
S12 = S11S .

20. Prove that the tangents at the extremities of a focal chord of a parabola intersect at
right angles on the directrix.

21. ∫ (6x + 5) 6 − 2x 2 + x dx

1
22. Evaluate ∫ 1+ x4
dx

23. Find the area bounded between the curves y2 = 4ax, x 2 = 4by ( a > 0, b > 0 ) .

24. Solve (y2 – 2xy)dx + (2xy – x2)dy = 0

 Maths 2B Paper 3 - Solutions

1. Find the condition that the tangents Drawn from (0,0) to S x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy +
c = 0 be perpendicular to each other.

Sol. Let the angle between the pair of

Tangents then tan =

π
given θ = , radius r= g2 + f 2 − c
2
2 2
S11= x + y + 2 gx1 + 2 fy + c =0+c =c1
1 1

0 g2 + f 2 − c
tan 45 =
2 2
x + y + 2 gx1 + 2 fy 1 + c
1 1

⇒ 1=
2 2
⇒g + f – c = c
2. Find the length of the chord intercepted by the circle x2 +y2 – x + 3y – 22 = 0 on the line y
= x -3
Sol. Equation of the circle is S x2 + y2 – x + 3y – 22 = 0. Center C ( , - ) and

Radius r = g f c = 22 = =

Equation of the line is y = x – 3 ⇒ x – y – 3 = 0

P = distance from the centre to the line

= =
√ √

Length of the chord = 2 =2 =2 = √96 = 4√6 units

3. Show that x2 + y2 + 2lx + 4 = 0; x2 + y2 + 2my - g = 0
circles intersect each other orthogonally.

Sol. Given circles x2 + y2 + 2lx + 4 = 0; x2 + y2 + 2my - g = 0 from these equations,

g1 = - l; f1 = 0, c1 = g, g2 = 0, f2 = m, c2 = - g
Now 2g1g2 + 2f1f2 = c1 + c2
2(-l) (0) + 2(0) (m) = g – g
0 = 0 Two circles are orthogonal.

4. Find the vertex and focus of x2–6x–6y+6 = 0.

Sol. Given parabola is

x2– 6x – 6y + 6 = 0

x2 – 6x = 6y – 6

(x – 3)2 - 9 = 6y – 6

(x – 3)2= 6y + 3

 1   −1  
(x – 3)2 = 6  y +  = 6  y −   
 2   2 

−1 6 3
∴ h = 3, k = ,a= =
2 4 2

−1
Vertex = (h, k) =  3, 
 2 

Focus = (h, k+a) =  3, − +  = (3,1)

1 3
 2 2

5. If 3x – 4y + k = 0 is a tangent to x2 – 4y2 = 5, find value of k.

Sol. Equation of the hyperbola x2 – 4y2 = 5

x2 y2 5
− = 1 ⇒ a 2 = 5, b 2 =
5 (5 / 4) 4
 Equation of the line is 3x – 4y + k = 0

3 k
4y = 3x + k ⇒ y = x + ---- (1)
4 4

3 k
m= ,c=
4 4

If (1) is a tangent to the hyperbola then

c2 = a2m2 – b2

k2 9 5
⇒ = 5⋅ −
16 16 4

⇒ k 2 = 45 − 20 = 25 ⇒ k = ±5

1 + x log x 
6. Evaluate ∫ e x   dx on (0, ∞).
 x 

1 + x log x 
Sol. ∫ e x  x 1
 dx = ∫ e  log x +  dx
 x   x

= e x log x + C

dx
7. Evaluate ∫ 1 + ex , x ∈ R
dx  1 + ex − ex 
Sol. ∫ = ∫  1 + e x  dx
1 + ex  

 ex 
= ∫ 1 −  dx = x − log(1 + e ) + C
x
 1 + ex
 
π/2
cos x
8. Evaluate ∫ dx
−π / 2 1 + e
x

π/2
cos x
Sol. Let I = ∫ dx … (i)
−π/2 1 + e
x
 π /2
cos(π / 2 − π / 2 − x)dx  
b b
I= ∫ 1 + e −x  ∫
∵ f (x)dx = ∫ f (a + b − x)dx 

−π /2  a a 
Adding (1) and (2),
π /2 x
e cos xdx
= ∫ 1 + ex
− − − −(2)
−π /2

π/ 2 π/ 2
cos x(1 + e x )
2I = ∫ 1 + ex
dx = ∫ cos xdx
−π / 2 −π / 2

π /2
2I = 2 ∫ cos x dx (∵ cos x is even function )
0
π /2
⇒ I = [sin x ]0 ⇒ I =1

π/4
9. Evaluate ∫ sec4 θdθ
0

π /4 π/4 π/4

∫ sec4 θdθ = ∫ sec2 θ.sec2 θdθ = ∫ sec θ(1 + tan 2 θ)dθ

2

0 0 0
π /4 π/4 π/4
Sol. Let = ∫( sec2 θ + sec2 θ tan 2 θ dθ = ) ∫ sec2 θdθ + ∫ tan 2 θ sec2 θdθ
0 0 0
π /4
 tan 3 θ  1 4
= tan θ)o π /4 + 
 3 
= 1− 0 + (1 − 0 ) =
 o 3 3

dy 2x − y + 1
10. Solve =
dx x + 2y − 3

Sol. b = –1, a′ = 1 ⇒ b = –a′

(x + 2y – 3)dy = (2x – y + 1)dx

(x + 2y – 3)dy – (2x – y + 1)dx = 0

(xdy + y dx) + 2y dy – 3 dy – 2x dx – dx = 0

Integrating :

xy + y2 – x2 – 3x – x = c
11. If the two circles x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy = 0 and x2 + y2 + 2g′′x + 2f′′y = 0 touch each
other then show that f′′g = fg′′.

Sol. S = x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy = 0

Centre C1 = (–g, –f), radius r1 = g 2 + f 2

S1= x2 + y2 + 2g′x + 2f′y = 0

C2 = (–g′, –f′), r2 = g′2 + f ′2

Given circles are touching circles,

∴ C1C2 = r1 + r2
2 2
⇒ (C1C2) = (r1 + r2)

(g′ − g) 2 + (f ′ − f ) 2 = g 2 + f 2 + g′2 + f ′2 + 2 g 2 + f 2 g′2 + f ′2

−2(gg′ + ff ′) = 2{g2g′2 + f 2f ′2 + g2f ′2 + f 2g′2}1/2

⇒ (gg′ + ff ′) = g g′ + f f ′ + g f ′ + f g′
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

g 2g′2 + f 2f ′2 + 2gg′ff ′ = g 2g′2 + f 2f ′2 + g 2f ′2 + f 2g′2

⇒ 2gg′ff ′ = g 2f ′2 + f 2g′2
⇒ g 2f ′2 + f 2g′2 − 2gg′ff ′ = 0
⇒ (gf ′ − fg′) 2 = 0 ⇒ gf ′ = fg′

12. Find the equations of the tangents to the circle x2+y2 + 2x – 2y – 3 = 0 which are
perpendicular to 3x –y+4=0
Sol. S = x2+y2 +2x-2y-3=0, centre C(-1, 1)
and radius r = 1 + 1 + 3 = 5
Equation of the line perpendicular to 3x-y+4 =0 is
x+ 3y +k = 0

( k + 2)
2
−1 + 3 + k
√5= ⇒5 =
1+ 9 10
 ⇒50 = k2+4k+4 ⇒ k2+4k-46 =0

−4 ± 16 + 184
⇒k =
2

−4 ± 10 2
k= −2 ± 5 2
2
Equation of the required tangent is
x+ 3y – 2 5√2 =0

x 2 y2
13. Find the condition for the line lx + my + n = 0 to be a normal to the ellipse 2 + 2 = 1.
a b

x 2 y2
Sol. Equation of the ellipse is + =1
a 2 b2

Let lx + my + n = 0 be normal at P(a)

Equation of the normal at P(a) is :
ax by
− = a 2 − b2 … (1)
cos θ sin θ

Lx + my = –n … (2)
Comparing (1) and (2)
l m n
= = 2
 a   −b  a − b2
   
 cos θ   sin θ 

l cos θ −m sin θ −n
= = 2
a b a − b2
−an bn
cos θ = , sin θ =
l(a − b )
2 2
m(a 2 − b 2 )

cos 2 θ + sin 2 θ = 1

a 2n 2 b2n 2
+ =1
l2 (a 2 − b 2 )2 m 2 (a 2 − b 2 )2

a 2 b2 (a 2 − b2 ) 2
+ = is the required condition.
l2 m 2 n2
14. Find the equation of the tangents to 9x2 + 16y2 = 144 which makes equal intercepts on
coordinate axes.
Sol. Equation of the ellipse is
9x2 + 16y2 = 144

x 2 y2
⇒ + =1
16 9
x y
Equation of the tangent is cos θ + sin θ = 1
a b
b cos θ
Slope of the tangent = − = −1
a sin θ
a 4
cot θ = =
b 3
4 3
cos θ = ± , sin θ = ±
5 5

Equation of the tangent is:

x  4 y 3
±  + ±  =1
4 5 3 5
x ± y±5 = 0

15. If e, e1 be the eccentricity of a hyperbola and its conjugate hyperbola then

1 1
+ =1.
e2 e12

Sol. Equation of the hyperbola is

x 2 y2
S= − =1
a 2 b2

a 2 + b2 a 2 + b2
e= ⇒ e 2
=
a2 a2

1 a2
∴ = ...… (1)
e2 a 2 + b2
 Equation of the conjugate hyperbola is

x 2 y2 y2 x 2
− = −1 ⇒ − =1
a 2 b2 b2 a 2

a 2 + b2 a 2 + b2 1 b2
e1 = ⇒ e1 =
2
⇒ 2= 2 ...… (2)
b2 b2 e1 a + b2

Adding (1) and (2)

1 1 a2 b2 a 2 + b2
+ = + = =1
e2 e12 a 2 + b2 a 2 + b2 a 2 + b2

 (n!)1/ n 
16. Evaluate lim  
n →∞
 n 

 (n!)1/ n 
Sol: lim  
n →∞
 n 

 ( n)1/ n 
= lim  
n →∞
 n 
1/ n
 ( n) 
= lim  n 
n →∞  n 

1/ n
 ( n) 
Let y = lim  n 
n →∞  n 

1  1  2   i   n  
log e y = lim log    ...   ...   
n →∞ n  n  n   n   n  

1 n r
= lim ∑
n →∞ n r =1
log
n
1 r
= lim ∑ log  
n →∞ n n
 1 1
= ∫ log e x = [ x log x ]0 − ∫ dx
1

0 0

= [ x log x − x ]0
1

= [ x(log x − 1) ]0 = −1
1

1
∴ y = e−1 = .
e

dy −1
17. Solve (1 + x 2 ) + y = e tan x
dx
−1
dy 1 e tan x
Sol. + ⋅ y = which linear differential equation in y.
dx 1 + x 2 1 + x2
dx
∫ 2 −1
I.F. = e ∫
pdx
= e 1+ x = e tan x

Sol is y.I.F. = y.I.F = ∫ Q. I.F. dx

−1
tan −1 x (e tan x 2
)
y⋅e =∫ dx … (1)
1+ x 2

−1
(e tan x 2
) dx
Consider ∫ dx put tan −1 x = t ⇒ = dt
1+ x 2
1+ x2
−1
e 2t e 2 tan x
= ∫ (e ) dt = ∫ e dt =
t 2
= 2t
2 2
−1
tan −1 x e 2 tan x
c
Solution is y ⋅ e = +
2 2
−1 −1
2y ⋅ e tan x
= e 2 tan x
+c

18. Find the equation of the circle passing through (0,0) and making intercepts
4,3 on X – axis and Y –axis respectively.
Sol.
 Let the equation of the circle be x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0.
Given circle is making intercepts 4, 3 on x, y –axes respectively.
Therefore, (4,0) and (0,3) are two points on the circle.
Circle is passing through
(0,0), (4,0) and (0,3).
(0,0) ⇒ 0 + 0 + 2g(0) + 2f(0) + c = 0
C=0
(4,0) ⇒ 16+0+8g+2f.0+c =0
G = 2 as c = 0
(0,3) ⇒ 0+ 9+2g.0+6f +c = 0
f = - as c = 0

Required equation of circle is X2 + y2 -4x – 3y = 0

19. The equation to the pair of tangents to the circle
S = 0 from P(x1, y1) is S12 = S11S .

Proof:
Let the tangents from P to the circle S=0 touch the circle at A and B.
Equation of AB is S1 =0.

i.e., x1 x + y1 y + g ( x + x1 ) + f ( y + y1 ) + c = 0 =====i)

Let Q(x2,y2) be any point on these tangents. Now locus of Q will be the equation of the
pair of tangents drawn from P.
the line segment PQ is divided by the line AB in the ratio -S11:S22

PB S11
⇒ =
QB S22 ----ii)

PB S11
BUT PB = S11 , QB = S 22 ⇒ = ----iii)
QB S 22

s 211 S11
From ii) and iii) ⇒ =
s 2 22 S22

⇒ S11 S 22 = S 212

Hence locus of Q( x2, y2 ) is S11S = S 21

20. Prove that the tangents at the extremities of a focal chord of a parabola intersect
at right angles on the directrix.

Sol. Let the parabola be y2 = 4ax

Equation of the tangent at P(t1) is

t1y = x + at12
 Equation of the tangent at Q(t2) is

t 2 y = x + at 22

Solving, point of intersection is

T[at1t 2 , a(t1 + t 2 )]

Equation of the chord PQ is

(t1 + t 2 )y = 2x + 2at1t 2

Since PQ is a focal chord, S (a,0) is a point on PQ.

Therefore, 0 = 2a +2a t1t 2

⇒ t1t 2 = -1.

Therefore point of intersection of the tangents is [−a, a(t1 + t 2 )] .

The x coordinate of this point is a constant. And that is x = -a which is the equation
of the directrix of the parabola.

Hence tangents are intersecting on the directrix.

21. ∫ (6x + 5) 6 − 2x 2 + x dx

Sol.

let 6x+5=A
d
dx
(
6 − 2x 2 + x + B )
⇒ 6x + 5 = A(1 – 4x) + B

Equating the coefficients

−3
6 = −4A ⇒ A =
2

Equating the constants

A+B=5

3 13
B = 5 – A = 5+ =
2 2
 ∫ (6x + 5) 6 − 2x 2 + x dx

3 13
=−
2 ∫ (1 − 4x) 6 − 2x 2 + x dx +
2
6 − 2x 2 + x dx

3 (6 − 2x 2 + x)3/ 2 13 x
=− + 2 ∫ 3 − x 2 + dx
2 3/ 2 2 2

2 2
13 7  1
= −(6 − 2x 2 + x)3/ 2 + ∫   −  x −  dx
2 4  4

13
= −(6 − 2x 2 + x)3/ 2 +
2
 1 2 x  1
 x −  3− x +  x− 
 4 2 49 −1 
+ sin
4
+C
 2 32 7 
   
 4 

13
= −(6 − 2x 2 + x)3/ 2 +
2
 (4x − 1) 6 − 2x 2 + x 49  4x − 1  
 + sin −1   +C
 16 × 2 32  7  

13
= −(6 − 2x 2 + x)3/ 2 + (4x − 1)
16
637  4x − 1 
6 − 2x 2 + x + sin −1  +C
32 2  7 

1
22. ∫ 1+ x4
dx

1
Sol. ∫ 1+ x4
dx

1 2 1 1 + x2 + 1 − x2
= ∫ dx = ∫ dx
2 1 + x4 2 1 + x4
 1  1 + x2 1 − x2 
2∫
=  + 4 
dx
 1+ x 1+ x 
4

 1 1 
1+ 2 −1
1  x + x2 
= ∫ dx
2  x2 + 1 x2 + 1 
 x2 x2 

 1 1 
 1+ 2 1− 2 
1 x x dx 
2∫ 
= dx − ∫

( ) ( )
2 2
1 2  1  2
 x−  + 2 x+  − 2 
  x  x 
 1 1 
x− x+ − 2 
1 1 −1 x− 1 x
=  tan log +c
2 2 2 2 2 1
x+ + 2 
 x 

1  −1 x 2 − 1 1 x2 + 1 − 2 
=  tan − log 2 +c
2 2 x 2 2 x + 1 + 2 

23. Find the area bounded between the curves y2 = 4ax, x 2 = 4by ( a > 0, b > 0 ) .

Sol: Equations of the given curves are

y 2 = 4ax ……….(1)

x 2 = 4by ………..(2)

x2
From equation (2) y =
4b

2
 x2 
Substituting in (1)   = 4ax
 4b 

x 4 = (16b 2 ) | 4ax |
 x  x 3 − 64b 2 a  = 0

X = 0, x = 4 ( b 2a )
1
3

Area bounded will be

( )
1
4 b 2a 3

 x2 
= ∫
0


4ax −  dx
4b 

( )  x3 
1
3 2
( 4a )
4 b 2a 3 1
= 2
x 2. −
3 12b 
0


 3. 
1


13
= ( 4a ) 2 8 ( b 2a ) 3 2 −
1 . 2 4 3
( ) 3
b 2
a
3 12b 
 
 

 16 64.b 2 a   32 16 
=  2ab −  = ab  − 
 3 12b   3 3

16
= ab sq.units
3

24. (y2 – 2xy)dx + (2xy – x2)dy = 0

Sol. (y2 – 2xy)dx + (2xy – x2)dy = 0

(2xy – x2)dy = –(y2 – 2xy)dx

dy 2xy − y 2
=
dx 2xy − x 2

dy dv
Put y = vx ⇒ = v+x
dx dx

dv 2vx 2 − v2 x 2 x 2 (2v − v2 )
v+x = = 2
dx 2vx 2 − x 2 x (2v − 1)

dv 2v − v 2
x = −v
dx 2v − 1
2v − v 2 − 2v 2 + v 3v(1 − v)
= =
2v − 1 2v − 1

2v − 1 dx
∫ v(1 − v) dv = 3∫ x
… (1)

2v − 1 A B
Let = +
v(1 − v) v 1 − v
2v − 1 = A(1 − v) + Bv
v = 0 ⇒ −1 = A ⇒ A = −1
v =1⇒1= B ⇒ B =1

 1 1  dx
∫  − v + 1 + v  dv = 3∫
x
− log v − log(1 − v) = 3log x + log c
1
log = log cx 3
v(1 − v)

1 1
= cx 3 ⇒ v(1 − v) = 3
v(1 − v) cx
y y 1 yx−y 1
1 −  = 3 ⇒  = 3
x  x  cx x  x  cx
1 1
xy(x − y) = = k ⇒ xy(y − x) = − = k
c c