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Tutorial 1 Classification of Fluid

The document is a tutorial on fluid classification, containing various problems related to fluid mechanics, including calculations for specific weight, density, pressure, viscosity, and shear stress. It covers scenarios involving soap bubbles, capillary rise, and dynamic viscosity in different fluid systems. Each problem provides specific parameters and expected results for practice and understanding of fluid behavior.

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Ishwor Neupane
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10 views3 pages

Tutorial 1 Classification of Fluid

The document is a tutorial on fluid classification, containing various problems related to fluid mechanics, including calculations for specific weight, density, pressure, viscosity, and shear stress. It covers scenarios involving soap bubbles, capillary rise, and dynamic viscosity in different fluid systems. Each problem provides specific parameters and expected results for practice and understanding of fluid behavior.

Uploaded by

Ishwor Neupane
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Tutorial 1

Classification of Fluid
1. Three liters of petrol weighs 21 N. Calculate the specific weight, mass density, specific
volume, specific gravity of petrol with respect to water. [7000 N/m3, 713.56 kg/m3,
1.4*10-4 m3/kg]
2. 8 km below the surface of ocean, the pressure is 81.7 MPa. Calculate the density of
water at this depth, if density in the surface is 1025 kg/m3 and average bulk modulus of
elasticity is 2.344 GPa. Calculate change is specific volume as well. [1060.7 kg/m3, -
3.28*10-5 m3/kg]
𝟖𝛔𝒔
3. Prove that for a soap bubble 𝚫𝑷 = where symbols have usual meaning.
𝒅
4. Find the pressure inside a water drop 2 mm in diameter if the atmospheric pressure is
101.3 kN/m2 and the surface tension of 0.07 N/m. [excess pressure: 0.14 kN/m2,
actual pressure: excess + atmospheric]
5. Two parallel plates separated by spacing of 1mm are placed in the water. Find the
capillary rise at the end of plate. Take the surface tension of water as 0.073 N/m. [14.9
mm]
6. Determine the specific gravity of a fluid having viscosity 0.05 poise and kinematic
viscosity 0.04 stokes. [1250 kg/m3]
7. The velocity distribution of a viscous liquid (dynamic viscosity = 9 Poise) flowing over
a fixed plate is given by u = 0.85y - y2 (u is velocity in m/s and y is the distance from
the plate in m). What are the shear stresses at the plate surface and at y = 0.3 m? [𝛕𝒚=𝟎 =
𝟎. 𝟕𝟔𝟓 𝑵/𝒎𝟐 , 𝛕𝒚=𝟎.𝟑𝒎 = 𝟎. 𝟐𝟐𝟓 𝑵/𝒎𝟐]
8. Air forms 150C forms a boundary layer near a solid wall. The velocity distribution in
𝑢 𝑦
the boundary layer is given by 𝑈 = 1 − 𝑒𝑥𝑝 (−2 δ) where U = 30 m/s as mean velocity
of flow, δ = 1 cm as boundary layer thickness, u is the velocity at any given depth y.
Find the shear stress at the wall where y = 0. [0.107 N/m2]
9. Two horizontal plates are 1.25 cm apart, the space between them being filled with oil
of specific gravity of 0.95. Upper plate is square of 0.6 m side and pulled with force of
98.1 N to maintain a speed of 2.5 m/s. Determine dynamic and kinematic viscosity of
oil. [𝛍 = 1.3625 Pa.s, 𝛎 = 14.34 stokes]
10. A flat plate 0.3 m2 in area moves edgewise through oil between large, fixed parallel
planes 10 cm apart. If the velocity of plate is 0.6 m/s and the oil has a kinematic
viscosity of 0.45 stokes and specific gravity 0.8, calculate the drag force when
a. the plate is 2.5 cm from one of the planes. [0.346 N]
b. the plate is equidistant from both the planes. [0.259 N]
11. Calculate dynamic viscosity of an oil, which is used for lubrication between a square
plate of size 1 m and inclined plane with an angle of inclination 300 with horizontal.
The weight of plate is 470 N, and it slides down the inclined plane with uniform velocity
of 0.3 m/s. The thickness of oil film is 1.5 mm. [𝛎 = 11.75 poise]
12. A metal plate of dimension 1 m x 1 m x 2 mm is to be lifted up with a velocity of 0.1m/s
through an indefinitely extending gap of 20 mm apart wide containing oil of specific
gravity 0.9 & viscosity = 2.15 Pa.s. Find the force and power required assuming the
plate is to remain mid-way in the gap. Assume the weight of plate to be 29.5 N. [57.65
N, 5.767 W Hint: Power = Force * Velocity]

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13. A piston of diameter 124.7 mm and length 75 mm is moving through a cylinder of
diameter 125 mm at a speed of 5.7 m/s. The film of oil separating the piston from the
cylinder has a viscosity of 0.95 Ns/m2. What is the force required to maintain this
motion? [1060 N]
14. A piston (130 mm diameter and 130 mm length) of weight 90N slides down in a
lubricated pipe. The clearance between piston and pipe is 0.025mm. If the piston
decelerates at 0.6 m/s2 when the speed is 0.5 m/s, what is the viscosity of the oil?
[0.94 Poise Hint: ∑ 𝐹 = 𝑚 × 𝑎]
15. A 150 mm diameter vertical cylinder rotates concentrically inside another cylinder of
diameter 151 mm. Both the cylinders are 312.5 mm high and the space between the
cylinders is filled by liquid of unknown viscosity. If 15 Nm of torque is required to
rotate the inner cylinder at 100 rpm, determine the viscosity of oil. If 315 Watt is
required to rotate inner cylinder above speed, then what is viscosity of oil. [0.864 Pa.s,
1.73 Pa.s Hint: Power = Torque * Angular velocity]
16. A thin plate of very large area is placed in the gap of height h with the oil of viscosity
µ1 & µ2 on the two sides of plate. The plate is pulled at constant speed of v, calculate
the position of plate such that shear stress on both sides of plate is equal.
17. A 120 mm circular disc rotates on a table separated by an oil of film of 2 mm thickness.
Find the viscosity of the oil if the torque required to rotate the disc is 4 x 10-2 Nm at 60
rpm. Assume the velocity gradient in the oil film to be linear. [0.62 Pa.s]

18. A disk of radius R rotates at an angular velocity (ω) inside an oil bath of viscosity μ as
shown in figure. Assuming a linear velocity profile and neglecting shear on the outer
𝛑𝛍𝛚𝑹𝟒
disk edges, derive an expression for the viscous torque on the disk. [𝑻 = ]
𝒉

19. A solid cone of maximum radius R and vertex angle (2θ) is to rotate at an angular
velocity ω. An oil of viscosity μ and thickness t fills the gap between the cone and the

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housing. Derive an expression for the torque required and the rate of heat dissipation
in the bearing.

20. A 50 mm diameter and 10 cm long cylindrical body slides vertically down in a 52 mm


diameter cylindrical tube. The space between the cylindrical body and tube wall is filled
with oil of specific gravity 1.2 and kinematic viscosity 0.035 stokes. Determine its fall
velocity and power loss during the fall if its weight is 20 N.

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