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Module 2 Data Engineering 6 Mark Answers

Data integration is crucial for improving data quality, enhancing decision-making, and increasing operational efficiency by providing a unified view of data. Effective data integration follows principles such as understanding business requirements and ensuring data quality, while maintaining compliance with data privacy regulations. The data engineering lifecycle includes stages from planning to deployment, with specific scenarios illustrating stream processing and data integration in real-world applications.

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6 views

Module 2 Data Engineering 6 Mark Answers

Data integration is crucial for improving data quality, enhancing decision-making, and increasing operational efficiency by providing a unified view of data. Effective data integration follows principles such as understanding business requirements and ensuring data quality, while maintaining compliance with data privacy regulations. The data engineering lifecycle includes stages from planning to deployment, with specific scenarios illustrating stream processing and data integration in real-world applications.

Uploaded by

Krishna
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Module 2 – Data Engineering: 6-Mark Answers

1. Why is Data Integration Important?


Data integration is the process of combining data from various sources into a unified view.
Its importance stems from several key benefits:
- Improved Data Quality and Consistency: By consolidating data, organizations can identify
and rectify inconsistencies, errors, and redundancies, leading to a single source of truth and
more reliable insights.
- Enhanced Decision-Making: A unified view of data enables business leaders and analysts
to gain a holistic understanding of performance, trends, and customer behavior, facilitating
more informed and strategic decision-making.
- Increased Operational Efficiency: Integrating data streamlines business processes by
eliminating data silos and the need for manual data reconciliation. This saves time, reduces
errors, and improves overall efficiency.
- Better Customer Relationship Management: A consolidated customer view, derived from
integrated data, allows for personalized interactions, improved customer service, and
stronger customer loyalty.
- Regulatory Compliance: Many regulations require comprehensive and accurate data
reporting. Data integration facilitates compliance by providing a unified and auditable data
landscape.
- Unlocking Business Intelligence and Analytics: Integrated data forms a robust foundation
for advanced analytics, business intelligence tools, and data warehousing, enabling
organizations to extract valuable insights and drive innovation.

2. Rules for Data Integration


Effective data integration relies on a set of guiding principles to ensure the process is
robust, reliable, and delivers valuable outcomes. Some key rules include:
- Understand Business Requirements
- Identify and Profile Data Sources
- Establish Data Governance and Standards
- Choose the Appropriate Integration Architecture
- Ensure Data Quality and Transformation
- Implement Robust Monitoring and Maintenance

3. Data Quality with Multimodel Data Maintenance


Maintaining data quality in a multimodel data environment (relational, NoSQL, graph)
includes:
- Unified Data Governance Framework
- Model-Specific Quality Checks
- Data Transformation and Harmonization
- Metadata Management
- Automated Monitoring and Alerting
- Collaborative Data Stewardship

4. Compliance for Data Privacy


Compliance involves:
- Data Inventory and Mapping
- Implementing Data Minimization
- Obtaining Lawful Consent
- Ensuring Data Security
- Providing Data Subject Rights
- Maintaining Records of Processing Activities

5. Development of Data Pipeline


Key stages include:
- Requirements Gathering and Design
- Data Extraction
- Data Transformation
- Data Loading
- Monitoring and Maintenance
- Testing and Deployment

6. OLTP vs OLAP
| Feature | OLTP | OLAP |
|---|---|---|
| Primary Goal | Support day-to-day operational transactions | Support data analysis and
business intelligence |
| Data Structure | Normalized, detailed, current data | Denormalized, summarized, historical
data |
| Query Type | Short, frequent read and write operations | Complex, infrequent read-only
queries |
| Transaction Volume | High volume of small transactions | Low volume of large queries |
| Response Time | Fast, real-time responses | Can be longer, optimized for complex analysis
|
| Database Design | Transaction-oriented | Subject-oriented (e.g., star schema) |
| Examples | Order entry, ATM transactions, CRM | Data warehousing, business intelligence
tools |

7. Data Engineering Lifecycle


Stages include:
- Planning and Requirements Gathering
- Data Acquisition and Ingestion
- Data Storage and Management
- Data Transformation and Processing
- Data Governance and Quality
- Deployment and Monitoring
- Optimization and Maintenance

8. Scenario: Stream Processing


E-commerce platform analyzing real-time clickstream data:
- Ingestion: Kafka
- Processing: Apache Flink/Spark Streaming
- Output: Real-time recommendations, fraud alerts

9. Scenario: Data Integration


Global retail company unifying customer data from PostgreSQL, Salesforce, and CSV:
- Extraction: From various sources
- Transformation: Standardization, deduplication
- Loading: To a central data warehouse
- Analysis: Customer segmentation and targeted marketing

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