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Computer_Assignment

A computer is a high-speed electronic device that processes input and provides output, functioning as an essential tool in various fields. It consists of interconnected components including the input unit, CPU, memory unit, and output unit, and is characterized by speed, accuracy, and versatility. Computers can be classified by data processing methods and size, and while they offer advantages like high efficiency and storage, they also pose disadvantages such as health risks and data security concerns.

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6 views

Computer_Assignment

A computer is a high-speed electronic device that processes input and provides output, functioning as an essential tool in various fields. It consists of interconnected components including the input unit, CPU, memory unit, and output unit, and is characterized by speed, accuracy, and versatility. Computers can be classified by data processing methods and size, and while they offer advantages like high efficiency and storage, they also pose disadvantages such as health risks and data security concerns.

Uploaded by

siyamkhan1913
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Assignment: Basic Introduction to

Computer
1. What is a Computer?
A computer is a high-speed electronic device that takes raw input from the user, processes
it under a set of instructions called a program, and gives out meaningful output. It also
stores the output for future use. Unlike humans, it can perform complex tasks without
fatigue or boredom. A computer is not just limited to calculations — it can be used for
writing documents, watching videos, sending emails, and much more.

In simple terms, it acts like a brain that follows step-by-step instructions. This powerful
machine has become an essential tool in almost every area of modern life, including
education, industry, medicine, banking, and entertainment.

2. How a Computer System Works (with Block Diagram)


A computer system is made up of several interconnected parts that work together to carry
out tasks efficiently. These components handle data from the moment it enters the system
to the moment it exits as a result.

Block Diagram:
Input Unit → CPU (Control Unit + ALU) → Memory Unit → Output Unit

Explanation:
- Input Unit: Receives data from external sources (keyboard, mouse, etc.).
- CPU: Brain of the computer. Includes:
- Control Unit (CU): Directs all operations.
- ALU: Performs arithmetic and logical operations.
- Memory Unit: Stores data temporarily (RAM, ROM) or permanently (HDD, SSD).
- Output Unit: Delivers the result (monitor, printer, etc.).

3. Characteristics of a Computer
Computers have several outstanding features that make them more reliable than many
manual systems:

• Speed: Can process millions of instructions per second.


• Accuracy: Performs calculations with extreme accuracy.
• Memory: Stores vast data for short/long-term use.
• Diligence: Never gets tired or bored.
• Versatility: Can perform many different tasks.
• Power of Remembrance: Stores and recalls data with precision.

4. Types of Computers
Based on data processing methods:
- Analog Computers: Handle continuous data. Used in scientific instruments.
- Digital Computers: Work in binary. Most common in homes and offices.
- Hybrid Computers: Mix analog and digital. Used in hospitals and labs.

5. Classification of Computers (from the PDF)


According to size and performance:
- Supercomputer: Extremely fast, used for research and weather forecasting.
- Mainframe: Used in large organizations for bulk processing.
- Minicomputer: Mid-sized, used by medium businesses.
- Microcomputer: Personal computers like desktops and laptops.

6. Applications of Computer
Computers are used in:
- Education: E-learning, digital libraries.
- Business: Payroll, inventory, and automation.
- Healthcare: Record management, diagnostics.
- Banking: Transactions, ATMs.
- Research: Data analysis and modeling.
- Communication: Email, chat, video calls.
- Entertainment: Games, videos, and social media.

7. Advantages and Disadvantages of Computers


Advantages:
- High speed and accuracy
- Huge storage capacity
- Automation of tasks
- Global connectivity

Disadvantages:
- Health problems due to overuse
- Over-dependency on machines
- Data security risks
- Reduced job opportunities in some sectors

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