TG

SA 1 HOME ASSIGNMENT – 2024-25

IMPORTANT FORMULAE
CH-1. REAL NUMBERS
Euclid’s Division Lemma:
Rational Numbers
Theorem: Let ‘a’ and ‘b’ be any two
positive integers, then there exist unique
Fractions Decimals
pair of integers ‘q’ and ‘r’ such that
a = bq + r, 0 ≤ r < b.
Non-
Terminating Terminating
Recurring

L.C.M. & H.C.F. through Prime Factorization:

Def.: Let a and b be two integers. A positive integer d is said to be the Greatest Common
Divisor (G.C.D) or Higher Common Factor (H.C.F.) of a and b. if

(i) d is a common divisor of a and b.

(ii) Common divisor of a and b is a divisor of d also.

• The G.C.D or H.C.F. of a and b is denoted by (a, b).

• The non-zero integers a and b is said to be relatively prime (or co-prime or prime to
each) if (a, b) =1.

Euclid’s Algorithm: Let a and b be any two non-zero integers then (a, b)
exits and is unique also there exists integers m and n such that (a, b) = am + bn.

• The product of H.C.F. and L.C.M. of two numbers is equal to the product of the
numbers.

Properties of Prime Factors:

• Every number N > 1 can be expressed as product of prime factors in one and only
one way.
• If any natural number N expressed as product of prime exponents such as
N = P a × Qb × Rc × ……… then
(i) Number of factors of N = (a + 1) (b + 1) (c + 1)………(Including 1 and itself)

Fundamental theorem of Arithmetic:

Theorem: Let n be any integer such that |𝑛| > 1, then n is expressible as a product of a unit
and finitely many prime numbers more ever such an expression is unique except as to the
order in which the various factors occur.
 • This theorem is also known as “unique factorization theorem”
• There exists infinitely many primes.

Rational Numbers and their Decimal Expansions:

p
Def.: Numbers which can be expressed in the form of where q ≠ 0 and p, q are integers and
q
p, q are co-primes are called “Rational Numbers” represented by Q.

Terminating and Non-Terminating Decimals:

p
Def: If a = q where p and q are co-primes and 𝑞 = 2𝑛 × 5𝑚 (n and m whole number) then the
rational number has “Terminating decimal expansion”
2 2 7 2
Eg: (i) 5 = 20 × 51 = 0.4 (ii) 20 = 22 × 51 = 0.35
p
Def: If a = where p and q are co-primes and q cannot be written as 2𝑛 × 5𝑚 (n and m
q
whole number) then the decimal expansion of a rational number has Non-Terminating
Repeating decimal.
1
̅ [∵ 142857 is repeating (infinite) number]
Eg: (i) 3 = 0.3333 = 0. 3

General form of the Denominator of a Terminating Decimal:

𝑝
Def: If 𝑎 = 𝑞 (where p, q are co-primes) is a terminating decimal, then the general form of
the denominator is: 2𝑛 × 5𝑚
3 3 1 1
Eg: (i) 40 = 23 ×51 = 0.075 (ii) 5 = 20 × 51 = 0.2

Irrational Number:
Def: A number which is non-terminating and non-recurring is called “Irrational number”.
𝑝
(or) A real number (Q’) is called irrational if it can’t be written in the form of 𝑞, where p, q
are integers and q ≠ 0. Eg: √2, √5, 4√5,….. 𝜋, 𝑒

Introduction to Logarithms:
Def: If an = 𝑥, where a and 𝑥 are positive integers and 𝑎 ≠ 𝑥, where a and 𝑥 are positive
integers and a ≠ 1 then we define log 𝑎 x = n read as algorithm of x to the base a is equal to
n. Eg: 24 = 16 = > log 2 16 = 4.
(i) Logarithms are not defined for negative values i.e. log (−4) is not defined.
(ii) log ‘0’ is also not defined.

Logarithms are used for all sorts of calculations in Engineering, Science, Business and
Economics.
 i) log 𝑎 𝑎 = 1 ii) log 𝑎 1 = 0

iii) log 𝑎 𝑥𝑦 = log 𝑎 𝑥 iv) 𝑥

log 𝑎 = log 𝑎 𝑥 + log 𝑎 𝑦
+ log 𝑎 𝑦 𝑦
𝑚 log 𝑥 𝑎
v) log 𝑥 𝑎 = 𝑚 log 𝑥 𝑎 vi)
log 𝑏 𝑎 =
log 𝑥 𝑏
vii) 1 viii) log 𝑛 𝑎𝑚 = 𝑚 log 𝑎
log 𝑏𝑚 𝑎 = log 𝑏 𝑎 𝑏
𝑛 𝑏
𝑚
ix) log 𝑏 𝑎 log 𝑎 𝑏 = 1 x) 1
log 𝑏 𝑎 =
log 𝑎 𝑏
xi) aloga N = N xii) Log(-ve) = does not exist

xiii) log(0) = does not exist xiv) am bn

log k = 𝑚log𝑎 + 𝑛log𝑏 − 𝑘log𝑐
c

CH-2 SETS
• A well-defined collection of objects is called “Set”.
• Well defined means all the elements in the set should have a common property and it
should be possible to decide whether any given element belongs to the set or not.
• Examples:
A = Set of vowels in English alphabet
M = set of books in the library.
X = Set of states in India
Z = The roots of the equation 𝑥 2 – 3𝑥 + 2, i.e. 1 and 2.
• Objects, Elements and members of a set are synonymous words.
• Set’s are usually denoted by the capital letters like A, B, C, X, Y, Z etc.
• An object belonging to a set A, then we can say that b belongs to A.
An object belonging to a set is known as a member / element / Individual of the set.
The elements of the sets are represented by the small case letter.
i.e. a, b, c, …….x, y, z etc.
The word “belongs to” is denoted by a greek symbol “∈”
Thus in a notation form ‘b’ belongs to A is written as b ∈ A and
‘c’ does not belongs to A is written as c Ï A .
• The set theory was developed by George cantor.
REPRESENTATION OF SETS:
SETS are generally represented by following two methods (i) Roster form (ii) set builder
form
ROSTER (or) TABULAR FORM
In the roster form, all elements of the sets are written, separated by commas, within curly
brackets.
E.g. The sets of all natural number less than 5 represented as N
N = {1, 2, 3, 4}
SET BUILDER (or) RULE METHOD:
In this method, a set is described by using a representative and stating the property (or)
properties which the elements of the set satisfy through representative
E.g. A set of all natural no. less than 5.
A = {𝑥: 𝑥 ∈ 𝑁, 𝑥 < 5}

TYPE OF SETS:
• Empty Set (or) Null set (or) Void Set:
A set which has no elements is called Empty set (or) Null set (or) Void Set and
is denoted by ∅ (or) { }. ∅ = { } and ∅ ≠ {0}
E.g. A = {𝑥: 𝑥 ∈ 𝑁, 𝑥 < 1} B = {𝑥: 𝑥 + 4 = 4, 𝑥 ∈ 𝑁} 5}
• SINGLETON SET:
A set consisting of single element is called singleton set
Eg: M = {0}, P = {7}, A = {x: x is even prime} are singleton sets.
∅ and {0} are two different sets containing single element is called a singleton set
while { } is a null set.
• FINITE SET:
A set which has finite or countable number of elements is called a finite set.
Eg: A = {Factors of 6}, B = {a e i o u}
• INFINITE SET:
A set which has infinite or uncountable number of elements is called infinite set.
E.g. The set of all natural numbers
• EQUAL SET
Two sets are said to be equal if they have exactly the same elements.
Eg: A = Set of factors of 12, B = {1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12}, A=B
If A  B and B  A then A = B
• CARDINAL NUMBER
The number of elements in a set is called cardinal number of the given set
E.g. A = set of even numbers less than 10  A = {2, 4, 6, 8}
n (A) = 4
• EQUIVALENT SET
Two sets are said to be equivalent sets if they have same cardinal number
A = {1, 2, 3, 4}, B = {a, b, c, d}
n (A) = n(B) = 4 => A  B
• UNIVERSAL SET Q
R

A set which consists of all the sets under Z

consideration and it is denoted by  . W
E.g. The set of all real numbers is universal set N
for number theory
Thus ‘R’ is a universal set
• SUBSET
If every element of first set A is also an element of second set B, the first set A is said
to be a subset of second set B. It is represented as A ⊂ B
E.g. A = {2, 4, 8, 6} B = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}
A⊂B
(a) Empty set is a subset of every set.
(b) Every set is a subset of itself.
VENN DIAGRAMS:
Venn-Euler diagram or simply Venn diagram is a way of representing the relationships
between sets. Venn diagram consists of rectangles and closed curves usually circles.

Basic Operation On sets:

UNION OF SETS:
• The union of two or more set is the set of all those elements
which are either individual (or) both in common.
• The union of sets can be represented by Venn diagram
as shown (shaded portion)
A ∪ B = {𝒙: 𝒙 ∈ A 𝑜𝑟 𝒙 ∈ B or 𝒙 ∈ A and B}
• It is evident from the definition that A ⊆ 𝐴 ∪ 𝐵; 𝐵 ⊆ 𝐴 ∪ 𝐵

INTERSECTION OF SETS: A B 𝝁
• The intersection of two sets A and B is a set of all those
elements which belong to both A and B.
• The intersection of sets can be represented by Venn diagram as
shown (shaded portion)
A ∩ B = {𝒙: 𝒙 ∈ 𝐴 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝒙 ∈ 𝐵}

DISJOINT SET:
• Two sets are said to be disjoint if they have no common elements. 𝝁
• It is represented as A ∩ B = ∅
• The disjoint sets can be represented by means of the
venn diagrams as shown in the adjacent figure. A B
A∩B=∅

DIFFERENCE OF SETS:
• The difference of sets A and B is the set of elements which belong to ‘A’ but do not
belongs to ‘B’ and denoted the difference of A and B by A - B or simply “A minus B”

A – B = {𝑥: 𝑥 ∈ A and 𝑥 Ï B} B – A = {𝑥: 𝑥 ∈ B and 𝑥 Ï A}

𝝁 𝝁
A B A A B
A
FUNDAMENTAL THEOREM ON SETS:
• 𝑛(𝐴 ∪ 𝐵) = 𝑛(𝐴) + 𝑛(𝐵) − 𝑛(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵)
• 𝑛(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵) = 𝑛(𝐴) + 𝑛(𝐵) − 𝑛(𝐴 ∪ 𝐵)

CH-3 POLYNOMIALS

An algebraic expression in which variables involved have only non-negative integral power
is called a “Polynomial”.
Eg. 3𝑥 + 4, 2𝑥 2 −3𝑥 + 7, −5y

• Polynomials are constructed using constants and variables.

1 1 1
• 2, , , √3x 3 etc are not polynomials.
x √2x y−1
• General form of a polynomial having nth degree is
P(x) = a0 x n + a1 x n−1 + ⋯ + an−1 x + an
where a0 , a1 , a2 , … … … . . an are real coefficients of x and a0 ≠ 0.

Degree of a Polynomial:
The exponent of the highest degree term in a polynomial is known as its degree. In other
words, the highest power of 𝑥 in a polynomial 𝑝(𝑥) is called the degree of a
polynomial 𝑝(𝑥).

Eg: 𝑝(𝑥) = 3𝑥 2 – 5x + 4 is a polynomial in the variable x of degree 2.

Polynomial

Linear Quadratic
Zero Polynomial Cubic Polynomial
Polynomial Polynomial

A polynomial of
degree zero A polynomial A polynomial of A polynomial of
of degree one degree two degree three
P(x) = -5 P(x) = x + 3 P(x) = 3x2 – 5x + 4 P(x) = x3 – 4x2 + 7x + 5

Value of a Polynomial at a given value:

If 𝑝(𝑥) is a polynomial in x and k is a real number. Then the value obtained by replacing
x = k in p (k) is called the value of 𝑝(𝑥) at 𝑥 = k.

Graph of a polynomial:

In algebraic or set theory language, the graph of a polynomial 𝑝(𝑥) is the collection (or
set) of all points (𝑥, 𝑦) where u = 𝑝(𝑥).
(i) Graph of a linear polynomial 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 is a straight line.
(ii) Graph of a quadratic polynomial (a𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + c) is U-shaped called a parabola
Zeroes of a Polynomial

The zeroes of a Polynomial are all x values such that p(x) = 0. A real number k is said to
be a zero of a polynomial p(x), if p (k) = 0.
• The zeroes of a polynomial p(x) are the x-coordinates of the points where the graphs
of y = p(x) intersects the X-axis.
−b
• If k is a zero of p(x) = ax + b, then k =
a
• A quadratic polynomial can have at most 2 zeroes.
• A cubic polynomial can have at most 3 zeroes.

Forming of a Quadratic polynomial:

Let the zeroes of the polynomial are α and β then the quadratic polynomial is given by
x2 – (sum of the zeroes of the Polynomial) x + (Product of the zeroes of the Polynomial)
i.e. x 2 − (α + β)x + α × β

Relationship between the zeroes and the coefficients of a Polynomial:

Number
Type of General form of Relation between zeroes and coefficients
Polynomial zeroes
b Const term
ax + b 1 k = − i. e. k = −
Linear (a ≠ 0) (k) a Coefficient of x
Sum of zeroes of the polynomial

Co−efficient of x b
α+β =− =−
Coefficient of x2 a
ax2 + bx + c 2
Quadratic (a ≠ 0) (α, β) Product of the zero of the polynomials.
Constant term c
αβ = =
Coefficient of x 2 a

Sum of the zeroes

Co − efficient of x 2 b
α+β+γ=− 3
=−
Co − efficient of x a

Sum of the product of the zeroes

3 2 Co−efficient of x c
ax + bx + cx + d 3 αβ + βγ + γα = Co−efficient of x3 = a
Cubic (a ≠ 0) (α, β, γ)
Product of the zero of the polynomials

Constant term d
αβγ = − = −
Coefficient of x3 a

Forming a cubic Polynomial:

Let α, Β, γ be the zeroes of the polynomial then the cubic polynomial is given by
x 3 − x 2 (α + β + γ) + x(αβ + βγ + γα) − αβγ
Division Algorithm of Polynomials:
If p(x) and g(x) are any two polynomials with g(x) ≠ 0 then we can find polynomials q(x)
and r(x) such that p(x) = g(x) × q(x) + r(x)
i.e. Dividend = Divisor × Quotient + Remainder where r(x) = 0 or degree of
r(x) < degree of g(x). This result is known as the division algorithm for polynomials.

Results from the division Algorithm of polynomials

• If q(x) is linear polynomial, then r(x) is constant.
• If degree q(x) = 1, then degree p(x)=1 + degree of g(x)
• If p(x) is divided by (x – a), then remainder is p(a).
• If remainder = 0 then,
i) q(x) divides p(x) exactly or ii) q(x) is a factor of p(x).

CH-4 PAIR OF LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO VARIABLES

• Linear Equations:
An equation of the form ax + by + c = 0 where a, b, c are real numbers and where atleast
one of a or b is not zero (i.e. a2 + b2 ≠0) is called a “Linear equation in two variables x
and y.
• Pair of Linear Equations:
A pair of equation in the same two variables forms a pair of linear equations. The system
of pair of equations in general is

a1 x + b1y + c1 = 0

a 2 x + b2 y + c2 = 0

Where a1,a 2 ,b1,b2 ,c1,c2  R such that a12 + b12  0anda 22 + b22  0

• A pair of linear equation in two variables can be represented and solved by

(i) Graphical Method
(ii) Model Method
(iii) Algebraic Method

Substitution Method

Elimination Method

Cross multiplication method

 • Condition for consistent, inconsistent dependent equation :

S. Condition Graphical Algebraic interpretation

No. Representation

1. a1 b1 c1 Equations have unique solution

 
a 2 b2 c2 and Equations are called
“Consistent Equations”

2. a1 b1 c1 Equations have no solutions

= 
a 2 b2 c2 and Equations are called
“Inconsistent Equations”

3. a1 b1 c1 Equations have infinitely many

= =
a 2 b2 c2 solutions and Equations are
called Dependent Equations

CH-8 SIMILAR TRIANGLES

1. Similar figures:
• Two figures having the same shape but not necessarily the same size are called ‘similar
figures’.
• All congruent figures are similar but the converse is not true.
• Two polygons having the same (size) number of sides are similar, if
(i) Their corresponding angles are equal and
(ii) Their corresponding sides are proportional (in the same ratio)
2. Basic proportionality theorem (Thales Theorem) A
• If a line is drawn parallel to one side of a triangle to intersect the other
two sides in distinct points, then the other two sides are divided in the D E
AD AE
same ratio. In ∆ABC DE || BC then DB = EC
• Converse of Basic proportionality theorem: B C
If a line divides any two sides of a triangle in the same ratio, then
the line is parallel to the third side of the triangle.
3. Similarity criterions:
• AAA Similarity Criterion: If in two triangles, if the angles are equal, then the sides opposite
to the equal angles are in the same ratio and hence the two triangles are similar.
AA Similarity Criterion: If in two triangles two angles of one triangle are respectively equal
to the two angles of the other triangles then the two triangles are similar.
• SSS Similarity Criterion: If in two triangles corresponding sides are proportional to the
sides of the other triangle, then their corresponding angles are equal and hence the triangles
are similar.
• SAS Similarity Criterion: If one angle of a triangle is equal to one angle of the other
triangle and the side including these angles are proportional, then the two triangles are
similar.
4. Properties of similar triangles:
• The ratio of the areas of two similar triangles is equal to the squares of the ratio of their
corresponding sides.
(i) In two similar triangles,
Ratio of corresponding sides = ratio of corresponding altitudes.
= ratio of corresponding medians
= ratio of perimeters
= a : b, then Ratio of their areas = a2 : b2
(ii) If the ratio of areas of two similar triangles is A1: A2, then the ratio of their
corresponding sides (or) altitudes (or) medians (or) perimeters = √A1 : √A2
• The squares of the corresponding angle bisector segments.
AX, DY → Medians, AP, DQ → Altitudes AG, DH are angle bisectors
∆ABC ˜∆DEF then
area of (∆ABC) BC2 area of (∆ABC) AX2
= EF2 = DY2
area of (∆DEF) area of (∆DEF)
area of (∆ABC) AP2 area of (∆ABC) AG2
= DQ2 = DH2
area of (∆DEF) area of (∆DEF)

5. Pythagoras theorem:
Pythagoras theorem: In a right triangle the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum
of the squares of other two sides.

Converse of Pythagoras theorem:

If in a triangle, the square of one side of the triangle is equal to the sum of the squares
of the other two sides, then the triangle is a right angled triangle.

CH-11 TRIGNOMETRY
1) Trigonometric ratios:
Trigonometry is derived from Tri, gonia and metron. Tri means three, gonia means angles
and metron means measure. Trigonometry means three angle measures.

Opposite side AB
i) Sinθ = = AC A
Hypotenuse Hypotenuse
Opposite side

iv) Cosec θ = Opposite side =

Adjacent side BC AC
ii) Cosθ = = AB
Hypotenuse AC
900
Hypotenuse AC 𝜃
Opposite side AB
iii) tan θ = Adjacent side = BC v) Sec θ = Adjacent side = BC B
Adjacent side
C

Adjacent side BC
vi) Cot θ = Opposite side = AB

Sin θ is always lies between -1 and 1, -1 ≤ Sin θ ≤ 1

Cos θ is always lies between -1 and 1, -1 ≤ Cos θ ≤ 1
2) Trigonometric identities:
Sin2 θ + Cos 2 θ = 1
Sec 2 θ − tan2 θ = 1
Cosec 2 θ − Cot 2 θ = 1
3) Relation between Trigonometric Ratios:

1 1 1
Cosec θ = Sinθ Sec θ = Cosθ Cot θ = tanθ

Sinθ Cosθ Secθ

tan θ = cos θ Cot θ = Sin θ = tanθ
cosec θ
Cosecθ
= Cot θ
Sec θ

4) Trigonometric ratios of some specific angles:

𝛉 00 300 450 600 900

1 1 √3
Sinθ 0 1
2 √2 2
√3 1 1
Cosθ 1 = 0
2 √2 2
1
Tan θ 0 1 √3 ∞
√3
Cosec 2
∞ 2 √2 1
θ √3
2
Secθ 1 √2 2 ∞
√3
1
Cotθ ∞ √3 1 0
√3

5) Trigonometric ratios of complementary angles:

sin(90 − θ) = cos θ cos(90 − θ) = sin θ

tan(90 − θ) = cot θ cot(90 − θ) = tan θ
cosec(90 − θ) = sec θ sec(90 − θ) = cosec θ
 CH-12 APPLICATIONS OF TRIGONOMETRY
Horizontal line:
• Horizontal Line: A line which is parallel to earth from observation point to object is
called Horizontal line.

Line of sight:
• Line of sight (or) Ray of Vision: The line of sight is the line drawn from the eye of an
observer to the point in the object viewed by the observer.

Angle of elevation:
The line of sight is above the horizontal line and angle
between the line of sight and the horizontal line is
called “angle of elevation”. 𝜃
Horizontal Line

Note : (i) If the angle of observer moves towards the object, the angle of elevation
increases and if the observer moves away from the object the angle of elevation
decreases.
(ii) The tangent value of angle of elevation is the ratio of height of the object to distance
of the object from the observer.
Angle of depression: Observer
𝜽 Angle of depression
The angle of depression of an object viewed is
the angle formed by the line of sight with the
horizontal when it is below the horizontal level
Object
i.e. the case when we lower our head to look at the object. Horlzontal Line
(i) The angle of elevation and depression are always acute angles.
(ii) The two heights above and below the ground level in case of reflection from the
water surface are equal.

Application of Trigonometric ratios:

opposite side Adjacent side Opposite side
Sin θ = Cosθ = Tan θ =
Hypotenuse Hypotenuse Adjacent side

Hypotenuse Hypotenuse Adjacent Side

Cosec θ = Sec θ = Cot θ =
Opposite side Adjacent side Opposite side
 CH-14 STATISTICS

Arithmetic Mean of raw data:

Arithmetic mean of an observations x1 , x2 , x3 , … … … . xn is

x + x + x + ..…+ xn sum of observations

x̅ = 1 2 n3 = Number of observations
The mean for grouped data:
∑ 𝑓𝑖 × 𝑥𝑖
The direct method: 𝑥̅ = [ ∑ 𝑓𝑖
]

∑ 𝑓𝑖 𝑑𝑖
The assumed mean method: 𝑥̅ = 𝑎 + [ ∑ 𝑓𝑖
] where 𝑑𝑖 = 𝑥𝑖 − 𝑎
1 0 𝑓 −𝑓
The step - deviation Method: Mode = 𝑙 + [2𝑓 −𝑓 ]×ℎ
−𝑓 1 0 2
xi −a
where a – assumed Mean h – height of the class ui = h
Median of a grouped data:
𝑁
− 𝑐𝑓
2
Median = 𝑙 + [ ]×ℎ
𝑓

Where l – lower boundary of Median class N – number of observations

cf – cumulative frequency of class preceding the median class
f – frequency of Median class. h – size of the Median class.

Mode of a grouped data:

𝑓1 −𝑓0
Mode = 𝑙 + [2𝑓 −𝑓 ]×ℎ
1 −𝑓
0 2
Where l – lower boundary of the modal class, h – Size of the model class
f0 = frequency of the class preceding the model class f 1 = frequency of model class
f2 = frequency of the class succeeding the model class.
Cumulative frequency Curve or Ogive:
Representing a cumulative frequency distribution graphically as a cumulative frequency
or an Ogive.
• Less than Ossgive: Considering the x – coordinates as upper limits of the classes,
corresponding less than cumulative frequencies as y – coordinates forming points and
plot on the coordinate plane, the points are joined by free hand smooth curve to give
less than cumulative frequency curve or less than Ogive. It is a “Rising Curve”.
• Greater than Ogive: Plot the points with the lower limits of the classes x – coordinates
and the corresponding greater than cumulative frequencies as y-coordinates join the
points by a free hand smooth curve to get a greater than Ogive. It is a falling curve
The median of grouped data can be obtained graphically as the x- coordinate of the
point of intersection of the two ogives for this data.
Subjective Important Questions.
1. Prove that following are irrational number.
(i) 3 − √5 (ii) √3 + √5 (iii) √5 − √2 (iv) 7 − 2√3 (v) 2 + 3√5

2. Using venn diagram, verify

𝑛(𝐴 ∪ 𝐵) = 𝑛 (𝐴) + 𝑛(𝐵) − 𝑛(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵)

3. Draw the graph for the following polynomials and find the zeroes from the graph.
(a) 𝑝(𝑥) = x2 + 3x + 2 (b) 𝑝(𝑥) = x2 – 4x + 3 (c) x2 – 3x + 2
(d) 𝑝(𝑥) = x – 4x + 5 (e) 𝑝(𝑥) = x2 + 5x + 4 (f) x2 – 5𝑥 + 6

4. Construct a triangle with sides 5 cm, 6 cm, 7 cm. Then, construct another triangle whose
7
sides are of the corresponding sides of the first triangle.
5
5. Construct a triangle ABC of sides 4 cm, 5 cm, 6 cm. Then, construct another triangle
3
whose sides are of the corresponding sides of the triangle.
4
6. Construct an isosceles triangle whose base is 10 cm and altitude is 6 cm. Then, draw
4
another triangle whose sides are 3 times the corresponding sides of the isosceles triangle.
tanθ+secθ−1 1+sinθ
7. Prove that tanθ−secθ+1 = cosθ
𝑝2 − 1
8. If 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝜃 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 = 𝑝, show that = sin𝜃 (similar question)
𝑝2 + 1

9. Find the mean, median, mode of the following frequency distribution.

Class Interval 5 – 10 10 – 15 15 – 20 20 – 25 25 – 30 30 – 35 35 – 40
Frequency 20 45 80 55 40 38 5

10. According to the daily wise expenditure, family size and number of families were given
in the following table. Total families are 30. Draw two ogive curves to the given data.
Expenditure of 100 – 150 150 – 200 200 – 250 250 – 300 300 – 350
family
No. of families 5 7 6 4 8

Note: Please note that assessment will be conducted from the given Home Assignment.