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Practice Integration

The document provides a comprehensive overview of integration techniques for algebraic expressions, including standard integrals and methods such as partial fractions. It outlines various cases for integrating rational functions based on the degree of the numerator and denominator. Additionally, it includes example problems and solutions to illustrate the application of these integration methods.

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Xpert bogor Academy
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25 views17 pages

Practice Integration

The document provides a comprehensive overview of integration techniques for algebraic expressions, including standard integrals and methods such as partial fractions. It outlines various cases for integrating rational functions based on the degree of the numerator and denominator. Additionally, it includes example problems and solutions to illustrate the application of these integration methods.

Uploaded by

Xpert bogor Academy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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ee LECTURE Integration of Algebraic Expressions 1 Science And Engineering Tutor | BASIC CONCEPTS J © STANDARD INTEGRALS (C.T.M.TO IMPROVE SPEED WITH ACCURACY) (viii) [= 1 cos(x—a) : at - : @ Waa = 2logl Vira+ Vi+B | Sin(a—b) cos(x—b) C.T-M: commit to memory. 1) |x-a 2a eral hs 2a de — ix) [= toghe VF +a") or sin Worl (ix) lS or sin /-'(x/a) atx 2a "la . a E } a; (x) = =logix+Vx?—a"] or cosh i | Ie a (©) WORKING RULE TO FIND or —Jog2=* INTEGRALS OF THE FORM (a) [f(a )de () [f@ = de . = (© [f-ade —@ (Sse nd: nds: 2 =k So Taare 7 =f =o Working Rule Substitution x 2 x"=1) Integral co - . (vii) lee Jf@-2)ax x=asin 0 orx=acos@ 1 sina) [recsayde =a tan orx=a cold © sin(a—b) °* sin(x—b) a fice -ayde x= asec 0 orx=acosee 0 A.30 Integration of Algebraic Expressions 1 1 e=2)a or (Sela x=ac0s20 fal orf f(x aXB—x)dr x= cos? 0+ Bsin? 0 (@ METHOD OF PARTIAL FRACTIONS FOR RATIONAL FUNCTIONS Integration by Partial Fractions Integrals of the type Jeu can be integrated by resolving the iategrand ato partial funetions, We proceed as follows: Check degree of p(x) and g(x). Ifdegree of p(x) > degree of g(x), then divide p(x) by g(x) till degree of remainder fix) be comes lower than degree of denominator g(x) PO _ 54 LO) g() a(x) i.e, degree of ix) log, |1+1|-=x<1 3 oe. lt | +5 log, |1+4|-5 x5 log, \1+3¢\ +e de x(1+4x° +3x°) = Hog, x" |+20g, (1+ |-F0g, |143x [+e dx rs 3. aks Sra is equal to [1IT-1996] Solution * Texe" el 2 Bl 1+ xe" | *° 4. Evaluate: [secx.log(see.x + tan x)de Solution Jocex.log(sec.x+ tan x)de (2x-)) Ay Bia ees [CBSE (model question paper)] 2. Evaluate lana [CBSE (model question paper)} s Put log(secx + tanx)=1 (seextan.x+ secx+tanx coc? yde= dt, = seexd = dt = fog(secx+ tan +e Janay * “labia (a-by xe _a+by (a+b), 4 ay ath =logl x- + ool s- 25 3. Evaluate J [MP-2000) 4, Evaluate J———> ae (MP-98] 5. Evaluate is (MP-97] rea dk 6. Evaluate J sinx(@+2cosx) x 1. solve J Gope-n” 8. Evaluate Jee Feare JAICBSE-1984] 9. Find the value of SEs “ [MP-2000] 1 10, Evaluate J x{6(logx) + 7logx+2} [PSB-2002] 3. 4. 15. Integration of Algebraic Expressions 1 A.33 x+l Evaluate leas [CBSE-1993] xe Evaluate Ja IMP-99; CBSE-90, 94, 96 (C)] sin(x+a) Evaluate leer, Evaluate {8 2" _ valuate 1 (+sinxy(2+sinx) ICBSE-2004] Find the value of s [MP-2007] x(x" +) ——————— 1 1 1 sh =l)-=k 2)+=log(x-3)+1 lout 1-5 logts + 2)+5lon(r—3)+ 2. dtanx+2tantx+C 3 3 1 x8 , Tig BE 3 6 ree 1 bool 342% sk “2 oo 3) . log (a +4) — Stan! S40 a 1 1 6. {jloz(—c0sx) —loz(l + e08.x) + Zoe +2608%) 7. 2 log (x-2)~2 log (1) +(x-1)" . log! FHow(s+5)+ Howls log(x+1)+ Hetog(s—2)+F toss +3) 2logx+1 Blogx +2 3 5 + gloglx-l|-a5— tgogl a+3ite . z™{ xw-l v2 =| }. x cos (a — b) + sin (a — 5). log, |sin (x + 6)| +c A.34 Integration of Algebraic Expressions 1 de 1. Evaluate Se ~pveal- Solution Put | tdt d-Pvi+e Put Vit? =y > I+Psy => 2Udt=2y dy dy 2-y = tog) 2-224 F-2 WE ye v2|* 1 og 1 +F -V2| v2, W2 \iee +2] 1 gal feet - Vie, aE 8 Tete vx| de 2 Semone * 1 |sin(x—a)| © Sn(a—b) "|sin(x—5) sin(x-a) (©) Sin(a—) "sing —B)| (©) log sin(x—a) sin(x—b) + ) sin(x—5)| in(x —a)sin(x—) 1 pine —b)-(x-a)} sin(a—6)? sin(x—a)sin(x—b) sin(x—b)eos(x—a) 1 p=cos(x—4)sin(x—a) © sin(a—b)*. sin(x—a)sin(x—b) = Smacn leo a)de~ fot(x—b)ds ] =r lve sinGs—a)— lg sins—b)} +e . toa(sinix—a)| sin(a—b) ~ |sin(x—6)| de > I azssina (a) $og(t~cosx) + 1og(1+ 6083) - Ftog(+2c0s3) (b) 6log(I -cosx) + 2log(1+cosx) — Zlog(l+2e0sx) © 6log(1~cos.) + $log(1 + 2083) + Zlog+2e05x) (d) None of these Solution de ia “Simp ten =f sin.xde sin’ x(1+2cos x) =f sinx de (1-cosx\(1 + cosx)(1+2cos.x) Now differential coefficient of cos x is sin x which is given in numerator and hence we make the substitution => sinx de = dt dt (11+ (1+ 20) cosx=t 1 We split the integrand into partial fractions 1 1 4 | J - + lar 60-1 20+) 31+2/ ae 243 bare oe 5 anyel een fo-n'ceen |-Lia x+A, where A is any arbitrary constant, then the value of ‘a’ is [MPPET-1998] (a) 5/4 (b) 5/3 (©) -S/6 @ 54 Solution 2x43 1 © '-Saen* Sde =f ey! . (By partial fraction) L 1=Stog(x-1)—Stog(+x°)—htan + 4 1 =log(s— 4.84 Stan A ‘on comparing, a =~ 5/4 vol 5. J oat [Roorkee-88; MPPET-2001] (a) x—log x + log (+ 1) tan x +e (b) x log x+ 1/2 log (2+ 1)—tan“'x+e (c) x— log x + 1/2 log (° + 1) + tam! x +e (d) None of these Integration of Algebraic Expressions 1 Solution (b) Step I: proper fraction is a polynomial function there- fore Improper fractions Im- Ri Ped where oe) LO) e@) =Olx)+ R(x) [power of R(x)] < > (x) [power of 6 (x)] -1 wtx-x-1 x+l Hence : : Yer eK Yer ll : a = fac Sep 2s yee -xtL A Bet Step 3: a) x ral (+ 1)=A (+1) +(Bxt+ Ox x=0=4=1 x=152 =24+B+C 0= B+C>B=-C by putting by putting by putting x=—1 > 0=24+ (C-B)(-1) => 24=C-B=>2=C-B > 2-26 =.= Step 4: 1=Jdr- [Fier ‘| =x-logx-tan!x+ x log (2 +1) + 1 dx = f(x)+e, then fix) = /EAMCET-2007] (a) 2 log (e+ 1)+C (b) log (2-1) + (©) 2log (e+ I)-x+C (@) log (e+) +C Solution 2e" 1) ae evi +1 © sei =2log (e+ 1)-x+C Now differential coefficient of cos x is sin x which is given in numerator and hence we make the substitution => sinx de = dt dt (11+ (1+ 20) cosx=t 1 We split the integrand into partial fractions 1 1 4 | J - + lar 60-1 20+) 31+2/ ae 243 bare oe 5 anyel een fo-n'ceen |-Lia x+A, where A is any arbitrary constant, then the value of ‘a’ is [MPPET-1998] (a) 5/4 (b) 5/3 (©) -S/6 @ 54 Solution 2x43 1 © '-Saen* Sde =f ey! . (By partial fraction) L 1=Stog(x-1)—Stog(+x°)—htan + 4 1 =log(s— 4.84 Stan A ‘on comparing, a =~ 5/4 vol 5. J oat [Roorkee-88; MPPET-2001] (a) x—log x + log (+ 1) tan x +e (b) x log x+ 1/2 log (2+ 1)—tan“'x+e (c) x— log x + 1/2 log (° + 1) + tam! x +e (d) None of these Integration of Algebraic Expressions 1 Solution (b) Step I: proper fraction is a polynomial function there- fore Improper fractions Im- Ri Ped where oe) LO) e@) =Olx)+ R(x) [power of R(x)] < > (x) [power of 6 (x)] -1 wtx-x-1 x+l Hence : : Yer eK Yer ll : a = fac Sep 2s yee -xtL A Bet Step 3: a) x ral (+ 1)=A (+1) +(Bxt+ Ox x=0=4=1 x=152 =24+B+C 0= B+C>B=-C by putting by putting by putting x=—1 > 0=24+ (C-B)(-1) => 24=C-B=>2=C-B > 2-26 =.= Step 4: 1=Jdr- [Fier ‘| =x-logx-tan!x+ x log (2 +1) + 1 dx = f(x)+e, then fix) = /EAMCET-2007] (a) 2 log (e+ 1)+C (b) log (2-1) + (©) 2log (e+ I)-x+C (@) log (e+) +C Solution 2e" 1) ae evi +1 © sei =2log (e+ 1)-x+C A.36 Integration of Algebraic Expressions 1 He is equal to [Orissa JEE-2007] [Karnataka CET-2007] @ wal FS] 0) oo ire @ xn{ Sse (d) log (x*= 1) +C Solution 2 P= fdes [rae 1ox42f— Lode ¥-P fext2.2) oe +e x4 xi +3x+2 . ls Saayesn* [UT-1999} Solution pa fEt242040,, (+3) +2004) 9, (P+ td “lee es epee tite =? dian tx+t_* 2 2x41 by putting x =—1 and x*=—1 ete. x4 1 1 a= fSet Ax+l) = sf pee $1)+ tan“! x—log(x+ »| 1=1,+21, Flogt? +1) or : xl 10. Je atl [IIT-1996] x+xey) al Solution Put 1+xe Integration of Algebraic Expressions 1 A.37 * de equals to tanx (a w(t z}rc ay va EE | tan etn (BEE ec L ie a [RPET-2001] T¥tanx Li tan ) 3 Tans JC 2, p-snet_e [Karnataka CET-2000] 344008" x (a) log 3 +4 cos*x) + C () ee (Sere 2cosx © ae (rhe 2cosx +c 0 sa F] dy i 3. Jaa [Bihar CEE-76; MNR-74] ere (a) tan (e~") (b) tan” (e*) (c) log (ee) (d) log (e+e) 4. aban [MPPET-1991] Lx? (a) Vier +tamtxte (b) Viex? -log {x +Vi+x pte © View +log fx+ Vine } te (d) View + log (seex + tanx) +c a S [Roorkee-82] (a) log x—log (I-x) + (b) log (1-22) +e (c) logx+log (1-x) +e (d) log (@-x) +e dx = +DG+2)— x+2 log——+e (a) oat? (b) log (x + 1) + log (x +2) +e (d) None of these [MPPET-1987] 2 tant ee 14 (a) j ta x +e (b) Stan's’) +6 © Elta’? +e (@) ; (tant xt? +e . Jopade= 2 -i (a) (b) (©) (d) ‘A.38 Integration of Algebraic Expressions 1 10. . J I Forx> 1, Jaap at= * [RPET-1997] (x*=1) JEAMCET-02] | togla* + Vo* -1]+c log3 amar Ora] +6 3* +¥9* -1| x ox a) (b ing +C log? © +C 1 ——log|3' @) Tog9'°* e+x-1 dc= [AISSE-88] v+x-6 (a) x+ log(x + 3) + log (x-2) +e (b) x- (©) x- log (x +3) + log (x2) +e log (x +3) - log (r-2) +e (d) None of these (b) oe (©) = @) ise Ce +e)+e loge? +e) I (e+)? _ een - [MPPET-2003] (a) log = (b) log" +2 tan x (c) log, x (d) None of these ——_—dr =) =)? +1)" 15. Wh me ep es aD HY) -ju" +A, where A is any arbitrary con- stant, then the function j{x) is {MPPET-1998] (a) 5/4 (b)- 5/4 (©) 7/4 (@) -7/4 16, [a= Roorkee-1976] I H tafe (@) (5) (b) 3008 (=) 2 2 © “t) @) (3) 2 2 17. If S37 de = 9 In (3) —7 In (2) +A, am an /MPPET-92] (a) SIn(x-2)+¢ (b) -4 In(x—3) +e (c) constant (d) None of these 18, ;——**__a«= [Roorkee-1979] (1 +sinx)(2 + sinx) (a) log [C1 + sin.x) (2 + sinx)] +c ty log 28 4 ©) eT sine tes I+sinx ke ©) ez ysinx ** (d) None of these 19, What is [seex°dr equal to? — JNDA-2009] (a) In (sec x° + tan.x®) +c rintan{ 2+) —_\4 2) 180 is0tnuan( * +) 42 —_4 4. (b) +e (©) ™ 180intan{ + nm, me i), (d) 4" 360, ™ Integration of Algebraic Expressions 1 A.39 L@ peer =| I-tan?x see? xdle Put ¢=tanx=s dt = 2. (e) Step 1: # = c0s.x. dt =~sinde -l be 2 = 7 sin scar” as (a) NOTE Quicker Method: f— “= aw +e @ AE 3 ob a 2 0 [ae Multiplying by e* in numerator and denomina- ¢ — de lee” Put ¢' == e'de=de tor we get Jte=tr'erre x41 4. 0 Jee eels Put l4x° =4=9 dt = 2xde 5p teen ea] (: is = bogie +4) i= VIFF + og[ x Fai }re (= [fone] axel, he © lasts" eat NOTE By using formula j (@=aKe=5) 8. (d) Step 1: Given Let 7 Step 2: Put, avid “Tet given integral, al We get, /=f T tan“! x! Step 3: By using [ r=4 far = +0 4 2x4 A.40 Integration of Algebraic Expressions 1 #1 +1 | lyp_dt alig=p el Quicker Method Putting n= in formula Joe adog( =! x@"-) } 3 MM. (a) |a——=de TS Put 3° =1=3 dt =3' log 3dr 1 dt 2 iol Eyal =i +e = gal bel +I] re 13. (a) Step 1 Dividing numerator and denominator bye"? Step 2: Let 1 a= Flee) dr 1=J2dr=210g0) = 2logle”?-e""]J+e 7 rap +f fe x@ +) /x@ 4) = log. x+2tan"'x 15. (b) Step 'y partial fraction method (2x +3)=A(x? +1) +(Bx+C)(x-1) Now substituting x=1, 0, -1 (because it is true for all values) A= 3 324+C(-I33=5-cace-t 2 2 1=24+(-B+C)(-2) 1=542B-2x{ 1 \5 29 =-s> a=-5 2 2 = SJto 2 e Quicker Method [foes 8 +1 _ 2x+3 (x-DGF +1, re Pn 2) Foc D+ alog,(x* +) tan x4] Sax) a! = . Ax-l) tl 24x) S(x? +1) +4a(x-1)(x)- (x= 1) 2(x-DO? +1) (S#4a)x° + 2(x-)(? +1) Since Numerator of Right hand side does not con- 5 tain term of x*. Therefore 4a +5 =0= a 16. (d) I Wer thar t=x) nla lord Integral = sin £ or Lsin~ orange 3 17. (¢) Step 1: Resolving using partial fraction and then integrating 2x43 dr = (re V2re') i ih (a) log [I +eVi2+e)] +e ) we 325 +e (©) log [( +e) y2¥e"]+e (d) None of these Integration of Algebraic Expressions 1 A.41 2x-+3 = A(x—-3)+ B(x-2) Put x=2 = 4=~7 Put x=3 > B=9 = ~Tlog(x-2)+9log(x—3) + constant 18, (@ fst __p_a _. (+sinyQ+sinx) / (+0240 1=sinx Here integral = f{ 1 -\ ar +1 142 19, (d) Let 1=Jsecx°dr = focessia 180°. Fs 180° => d= dt T 1 =fseonar ae log tan 7 +2 4 360° 2, (——* _as /MPPET-1995| Seaera ' uy @ Juans banZ 4 3 (b) Fiore Ze © Farts Zon! Z 0 «@) tan'x—2tan’'S +e (a) x+2 log (x1) +e (b) 2x +2 log (x- 1) +e (©) x+4 log (1-x) +e (d) x+4 log (xl) +e 1 — 14, ae a [Roorkee-1984] (a) Ploeox=1)— Hgts? += Ftan“!x +e (b) Ploece = + Hosts? +1) Stan" e+e 1 1 ha (c) qloate 1) Flogts? +1) tan ‘ete (d) None of these i Seas JAISSE-1990] (a) -V2tan s+ J3tan'x +e (b) Viton! Ft VB tan Fete (6) V2 tan! + J tan te (d) None of these Integration of Algebraic Expressions 1 A.43 wde 16. JS is equal to (x +1) [MPPET-2008] 17. The value of f—3* +2 _ (x= 2-3) [MPPET-2008] x-3 8 11 —-—.+k ® ne a a-Z xt3_ 8 b) Mlog= 23-8 4% Os ee x-3, 8 Illog—— + —~ +k © Neg ma ez x+3 8 C oy A dd) Mog 5+ tt Science And Engineering Tutor A.44 Integration of Algebraic Expressions 1 0} e Cl Important Instructions 1. The answer sheet is immediately below the worksheet. 2. The test is of 15 minutes, 3. The worksheet consists of 15 questions. The maximum marks are 45. 4. Use Blue/Black Ball point pen only for writing particulars/marking responses, Use of pencil is strictly prohibited. 1, J2sinxcosedr is equal to /SCRA-1996) (a) cos 2v + (b) sin2.x+¢ (c) costs +e (d) sin? x+e z sa t(Ge 2 = Ksin"(2"), then K= \er* en 1 (a) Stog2 (b) =i (©) -tiog 2 (d) None of these » Joos.xjeor(sin.x)}de is equal to (a) tog [sin (sin x) + € (b) log {eos (sin x)| +e (c) log fan (sin x9) + € (d) None of these 4. What isthe watue of f(/-+.0) ‘ale? INDA-07] (a) In(@x+Vx)+e (by 2In(1 + Vir) +e (c) 2nd) +e (d) 2In(r=Vx) +e ai x» « eae (a) log tan! x +c (b) log tan (tan! x) +6 (©) tog tan (Han) + € (4) tog cot (4 tan-'x) +6 ‘[Roorkee-1982] (b) Haw! + (d) None of these (a) [tar ep +e (c) 2 [an AP +e 1 % [oeet= JMPPET-1993, 2002; RPET-99) (a) x-bgfl+vi-e J+e (b) x+logl+vi-e™ }+e (c) logh+Vi-& (d) None of these 8 Le ee Teele Kerala PET-2003; MNR-1983, 87] @ | ma” “a')te (b) n'a +e loga (ce) 2Va*—a' +e (d) log (a*— 1) +e 9 Correct evaluation of [—*—av is (x-2)x-) IMPPET-1993] (a) log, — +p O=1) 10. Solve [ a xt (a) 2logive +1) +e (b) 2tog (Ve- +e (e) logit +D+e (@) None of these Integration of Algebraic Expressions 1 A.4S 2 2 1. (ae segue wet &) -log—*— +0 Spat iseaual to (a) og +e (blogs + @) te (4) None of these (b) Zane) +e (c) log (1+) ‘ (d) None of these 21 (a) None o (a) 2log(x?+x—2) ea tte e x1 . 2. Sayeyeay senate (by 2log (e+ r= 2)- ei et +2 24 x—2)2 tos 2! (a) im{ Z sap} (b) in{ SAF Ire (c) Blog (2 +x a} mS +e (a) None of these t +o ba tc © len? @ lea 15. fans +cotxy de= (a) 2x +tanx—cotx +e 13, The value of JE ode (b) ~tanx+ cot x +e a=} (c) —tanx-eotx te [MPPET-1999] (d) tanx-cotx+e 1L.@@QO®O 6@O@O@ 1.@O0OO 2@0O@O 1.@O0O@ 2@®@8O@ 3. @0O®O &@OOO B.@GOO 4@0O@ XxX®™OO® 14.®@0@0O@ .O@OO@ 0 ®O0®OO 5.@O0® HINTS AND EX 2. (b) Step I: Substitution Method: # =2° Hence dt =2' log 2a sep 2: [= toatr+ FT f= bares log2Vi-P es? moines }« é ® Step 1: | ——— Wet ea = -[log[}+Vi=e" ]-loge' +e anya + tose] A.A6 Integration of Algebraic Expressions 1 x x de . —— tie 2 9. (a) Step 1: Gp fer i= Here A=2, B=-1 = 2log(x-2)—log(x-1) Step 2: Resolving using partial fraction and = tog =F a then integrating

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