EXAM-STYLE PROBLEMS FROM MODULES 18–27

1. In part (a) of the figure, particles 1 and 2 move around point O in circles with radii 4 m and 2 m,
respectively. In part (b), particles 3 and 4 travel along straight lines at perpendicular distances of 4 m
and 2 m from point O. Particle 5 moves directly away from O. All five particles have the same mass (m)
and the same constant speed (v). E
Write the angular momentum of each particle (magnitude and direction) about point O.

① lI = xm &a
=
= mersing
mrV
fam - Num
= 4 MV Lam zmt
② le = am F

③ by = 4 musing

① ly-amusing
⑤ 15 0 =

2. The figure shows three situations involving a point particle P with mass m and a thin spherical
shell with a uniformly distributed mass M (same for all). The radii of the shells are given. What
is the magnitude of the gravitational force on particle P due to each shell?
Explain your answers briefly.

mmm
all
 Rashil and MOI
of dises .

Area of
& Lar =

an
e Area of =
Gar
R
v
=
Let the thickness of the dise-t

Let M = mass
of
denser dise density of denser dise
=

m =
mass
of lighter
dise ofz density of lighter dise.
For disks 1 and
eCrt-art) ADA (r) et(R) :R
3 :
M = (D)(volume) - = =

me 'volume eart
:

2
:

ent = et
For dis 2 :
M = 1 Volume : Cart : EAR
m = e'vonne :
lat-avt) =
et() = e

MOI of disks 1 and =

F =
Eg =
Edence Flight : Mr + Ame

= (lar(r + +
** Mr : trr)(
MOF
of dise2 FC Edense M2
Flight :
= = +

=
Aetar" + &'tar" =
-trP(e + ze)
 Torque 1 FR I <
t = =
=
, ,

Frzttar4(3e + e)

of
<, =

t are be + e)

Torque 2 =
tz = FR =
Ig &
2

&
Fr =

-trP(e 3e')22
+

<2 =le + be)

4F
Torque 3 = Fr =

FR =
Egy
= arete = d =

tar" (31 + e)

Sime 31 + e - & + 39 (whyz-sete's ease

=>
29 > 29

929' - True)
2272 , >23
Relation between wave speed in a light swing withfension

T and
mass(length M Using =
V
F
:
=
Found =

- - > - -

# L =
X/2 2 =
X/4 -

Using = -X Vsome =
FX
F =

Eing f=
X
-
=

21

- pipe ::: firing

Spipe" foming.
 Let down the ramp-

FBD of Blows 1- > mass Im

-m N =
zigcoss

↓Tamesing Fret angsine-Mangoss-amd

Votin
=

amgoss zing a g (sing-pross).

&
=

Apply v + eas - V =
aggine -

pose) Just Sur information

Vf 2V-2uf
=

=
-

line In cose) -

=
2Vi-25 Vi
⑥ Apply conservation
of
momentum :
=> Vi =
4 uf
Block 2 moves 4 times
2 mu ; + o = <m Vf +
musf fasher after collision
to Bloc .
compared
2v2 24f +
Vet
1

Apply

·
conservation of KE :

Es
- am) +o =
cmVs + mu
8 =+ 2)
Hense
+- Visiting-p
:

2 =
2
2 =
24f +-

(u-CVD = 2 [5-45)

4 r 4-ori
+
=
av-av
2vV-i = O

3v-Linf V + = 0

·
Us D or > valid
-

valid no collision atall !!!

Not >
-
meaning
 fa
6. A uniform ladder of length L and mass 5 kg rests against a
smooth, frictionless, vertical wall. The coefficient of static
friction between the ladder and ground is 0.4. N2 B
a.) Draw a force diagram indicating all the forces

In
acting on the ladder and where they are applied.

Efx
= 0 =
fi -

N2 =
0
..

Ne = f :
Nitfa-mg
,
= 0
A 1
of
Efy =

fz = 0 (fricorless wall) = N2 my

(0 4) 59 =
MW
zon
6 4) mg
f
.
=
= .

= ,
&

b) Find the minimum angle, q, between the ladder and the ground at which the ladder will not slip.

Net forque = 0

B 0
about
=

Net forgue

Niccoss-fising,mgloss = O

engccors-high sing-metcld O
:

cos8 -

Using-EcoB8 = 0

↓ cor8 : Using
-and t
8 :
Tana
 7. A spy satellite of mass m = 120 kg orbits the Moon in a circular orbit a height h = 85 km above the
surface. A hostile nation wishes to disable the satellite, so it puts a missile of the same mass as the
satellite into a counter-rotating orbit (i.e. in an orbit of the same radius but moving in the opposite
direction). The missile crashes into the satellite and the two become entangled as a hunk of metal,
which then crashes into the Moon. How fast will it be moving when it hits the surface? Values that you
may need include RMoon = 1738 km, Mmoon = 7.35 x 1022 kg, G = 6.67 x 10-11 m3/kg-s2

Total energy of satellite + missile

M = I zorg

=Mmm zu
I
z

h = 65 km
v= (738 85)x103m
+

M =
7 .
35 X 1022 g
120
m =
kg

I Kindic + Penery
energy
R = 1738 km

of entangled hank of metal

= 7 35x182 g of
mass 240
.
kg
Mmoon
.

Ery--m
R
2
r
K .

=Mum
= 667x10" x 35x102)
7
And
.

To
11 +

22-6(83)
-

6 67x7 35x10
V 1718 22 mys
= .
.

=
 8. A large fancy clock has a pendulum that consists of a decorative disk 20 cm O
in diameter and uniform in thickness with a mass of 60 grams. The disk is X
mounted on a slender rod of negligible mass that is free to swing back and
forth from a pivot at its top end. The disk is attached to the rod oriented so
that it is parallel to the plane in which the rod swings. The owner of the clock
is a physicist, and therefore wants the period of the pendulum to be equal to p
seconds. How far below the pivot point must she place the center of the disk?
The moment of inertia of a disk about an axis through its center is I = (1/2)MR2 &

Y
MOI about 0 using Parallel aris

&
mysing .
theori Mr
I :

- + ML

-IX
mg
Torque - =
mysing <=

mgSC =

-I e

=
.
Similar
equation
to SHM = -w

~
t
Given
c :

ge 4-gr = 0

32R2 = 2 .
448m

002m .
0 .

or

only feasible solution is 2 =

2 448m
.
.
 9. A solid cylinder and a hollow cylinder of the same mass and radius roll along level ground at the same
speed. Which has more kinetic energy? Explain your answer.
mrd
Emv+ Im
hollow =

KE =

KE-
tmrmr Em
said =

Hollow has wrou Re

10. Strings A and B have identical length and linear mass density,
v
but string B is under greater tension than string A. For the four
situations (a) through (d) depicted at the right, where standing
wave patterns exist on both strings, in which of these situations is
there the possibility that strings A and B are oscillating at the same
resonant frequency? Explain your answer.
VA
① go
①
42 2 X ⑧ CX <= zx 12
⑧ 2 C
=
=
=
2 = X
X L
↑
=

* = 2h

F F fa = A :
&
B
- &
-

11. During a naval exercise two submarines are hunting for each other. When they are both
moving in the same direction, the rear submarine sends out a sonar signal of frequency f. Does
the frequency f’ of the signal, as detected by the front submarine, appear to be higher, lower,
or equal to f, if the front submarine is moving a) faster, b) slower, c) with the same velocity, as
the rear one?
V velocity of sound in the medium.

ba
=

From / Serviced
=
a) front
I' ferited
-> fasher Source-rear
obsesses
>
-

front
when moving towards the
1) front s slower
Vober-the
Source
-S femitted .

Vsonne the when moving away from

speed F =emitted
b) Same > .
= -

the observer
12. Twin skaters Alice and Zelda, each of mass 60 kg, approach each other
along parallel paths separated by 3.0 m. They have equal and opposite
velocities of 1.4 m/s. Alice caries one end of a long pole of negligible mass,
and Zelda grabs the other end of the pole as she passes. Assume
frictionless ice.
a) Describe quantitatively the motion of the skaters after they have
become connected by the pole, i.e. what is their final angular velocity ω?

W-F : = red /see

b) By pulling on the pole, the skaters reduce their separation to 1.0 m. What are their angular velocity w
and tangential speed vt then?

Angular .
momentum
Ent (60)(5)=
Enter
= (60) (0 . 572(2) Washer

Watter
=

(9)
Vater =
=
V2 42 m/ radise
=
I
c) Calculate the kinetic energy of the system in a) and b) above;

16045(
↑ UE =
c (w) =

2 In
2

6) Re = =
(60)(0
5) ·

117 60 J
.

= .

= 1058 40 J
.

d) If you find in c) that the kinetic energy changes, what causes this change? If it does not change, why
not? Discuss.

Muscle Power of angular

and conservation

Momentum .
13. All particles shown in the following 4 figures have the same mass, and are moving with the same
speed in 2 dimensions. The arrows indicate the direction of the velocity. Rank the four figures in terms
of the magnitude of the total linear momentum, from the least to the greatest. Explain your reasoning.

up O

zpz t
-=op

b a c d
, , ,

Bonus question: Do any of the particles have angular momentum?

AnMomentum
gular =x

All particles where 10 and

I and are NOT

Pandlel or

antiparallel
have angular

momentum
An particles having angestat momentum

are masked
14. In the figure below all forces have the same magnitude, and the distances are drawn proportionally.

(a) Which of the forces generates the largest torque relative to the pivot point O? Explain your
reasoning.

F3 F1 F, 2
t, =

O Ey
= Fo2r1
E
F4
F2
Largest smallest

F2 > Fz > f)
(b) Which force(s) generate a torque that is pointing into the paper? Explain how you arrived at the
answer.

o
Fa

&

15. A planet travels in an elliptical orbit around a star, moving from its distance of closest approach
(perihelion) to its point of farthest approach (aphelion). Does gravity do work on the planet as it moves
from perihelion to aphelion, and if so, what is the sign of the work? Explain your reasoning.
Perihelion to aphelion
SPE =
(PR)app- (PE)peri
m
=M
-
Perihelion

OM
Aphelion
=

GMm(
(PE) OF)
WD = -
CAPE)
perihelion apprlion

GM
GMm
(ta
=

Em
-
=
Sinne
Was up
Work done =
T
Herve Wor es done on the planet .
16. A block attached to a spring is displaced from its equilibrium position, released from rest, and
allowed to oscillate freely on a frictionless horizontal surface. How will the maximum kinetic energy of
the block change if the spring constant is increased by a factor of 2, while all of the other parameters are
kept constant? Explain your reasoning.
Toral
energy of the spring =
ter A
Mac KE =
when PE is zero

K*
Here MacKe =

make is also doubled.

when K is doubled

17. A disk and a hoop have the same mass and radius (they are made of different materials). Each is
mounted on a pivot so that it swings back and forth freely in a vertical plane as shown. Which
pendulum has the larger period? Explain your reasoning.

pivot pivot

mc L L matia
I = -mc +
- =

2
-2mL

disk hoop
Tar
a
↑ =

enj
↑
Tz =

=
en
= T2 > T,

disk
Period of hop > period of
 18. Two strings, both with made of steel with linear mass density 5 x 10-4 kg/m are attached to
a wall at one end and extended horizontally over pulleys at the other end. One has a vibrating
length of 45 cm and the other of 30 cm, and each is attached to a hanging mass. The block
attached to the longer string has a mass of 3 kg and the block attached to the shorter string has
mass M. When the shorter string is excited at its fundamental frequency and the longer string
is excited at its third harmonic, the frequency of the shorter string is 3.0 Hz higher than that of
the longer string. What is the value of mass M?
5x10-
↑
kglm whe v= fx
M =

30 um
45cm

-
-

①
M

fa fis zag

Given Fo = 3+ fr ,
M =
?
34/2 0 45 :
34/2
-
.

= ·

=
42 => 0 3m.
=
</2
* =
0 . 30 m

X 60m

=
= 0 .

=
fou so

Fa =
fa :
3+
to :
3 I M =
12 .

09
 19. A 10 kg monkey (m1) climbs a 0
T =
lightweight rope toward a frictionless

Y
pulley. The rope is wrapped over the pulley

vinta
and is counterweighted by a 15 kg mass on
the other side (m2). The pulley has a mass of
Th
v
8 kg and a radius of 20 cm. Normally, the
monkey can accelerate itself up a fixed rope
Am in
at a = ⅕g. If the monkey climbs the rope
toward the pulley in the same fashion, what
is the acceleration of the 15 kg mass on the
↑ 1T2
↓ a

other side, in units of g?

Monkey equative T, - 107(9) = (10) am

g 109
T =
40) + +

=
129

equation -15 a
Ma Tc -159 =

Ta = 159-15a

Not - -E2 = TR-TgR

forque =
,

notforque E2
I = MRMR
= =

But

=
[1-tc) R

↑ - *
2
=
Ema =
-(0)(a) = 4a

159 4a
129-159
=

But T -Tg
= +
.

11a
3g
= -

a
= g.