import os
import cdsapi
import xarray as xr
# Coordinates for the region
upper_left_lat = 43.0
upper_left_lon = 17.0
lower_right_lat = 39.0
lower_right_lon = 22.0
# Initialize the CDS API client
c = cdsapi.Client('https://cds.climate.copernicus.eu/api/v2','129357:d98e89a5-90a0-
4c52-9b2f-fcbb956473d3')
# Specify the range of years
start_year = 1960
end_year = 2024
# Create directories for monthly and annual precipitation sums
monthly_folder = r'E:\Reshjet_era5\Monthly'
annual_folder = r'E:\Reshjet_era5\Annual'
# Ensure the directories exist
os.makedirs(monthly_folder, exist_ok=True)
os.makedirs(annual_folder, exist_ok=True)
# Loop over each year and retrieve the data
for year in range(start_year, end_year + 1):
year_str = str(year)
# Create an empty list to store the monthly precipitation sum datasets
monthly_precipitation_datasets = []
for month in range(1, 13):
month_str = str(month).zfill(2) # Zero-padding month number
# Request data from CDS API
output_filename = os.path.join(monthly_folder,
f'{year_str}monthly_precipitation_sum{month_str}.nc')
c.retrieve(
'reanalysis-era5-land',
{
'variable': 'total_precipitation',
'year': year_str,
'month': month_str,
'time': '23:00',
'day': [
'01', '02', '03', '04', '05', '06',
'07', '08', '09', '10', '11', '12',
'13', '14', '15', '16', '17', '18',
'19', '20', '21', '22', '23', '24',
'25', '26', '27', '28', '29', '30', '31',
],
'format': 'netcdf',
'area': [upper_left_lat, upper_left_lon, lower_right_lat,
lower_right_lon],
},
output_filename)
# Open the downloaded NetCDF file using xarray
dataset = xr.open_dataset(output_filename)
# Extract the precipitation data
precipitation_data = dataset['tp']
# Convert precipitation from meters to millimeters
precipitation_data *= 1000
# Calculate the monthly sum
monthly_precipitation_sum = precipitation_data.sum(dim='time')
# Save the monthly sum to a new dataset
monthly_sum_filename = os.path.join(monthly_folder,
f'{year_str}monthly_precipitation_sum{month_str}.nc')
monthly_sum_dataset = xr.Dataset(
{'monthly_precipitation_sum': monthly_precipitation_sum},
coords={'latitude': precipitation_data.latitude, 'longitude':
precipitation_data.longitude}
)
monthly_sum_dataset.to_netcdf(monthly_sum_filename)
# Save each month's precipitation sum dataset
monthly_precipitation_datasets.append(monthly_sum_filename)
# Close the dataset
dataset.close()
# Calculate the annual precipitation by summing up monthly values
annual_precipitation = xr.open_mfdataset(monthly_precipitation_datasets,
combine='nested', concat_dim='month')
annual_precipitation_sum =
annual_precipitation['monthly_precipitation_sum'].sum(dim='month')
# Save the annual sum to a new dataset
annual_sum_filename = os.path.join(annual_folder,
f'{year_str}_annual_precipitation_sum.nc')
annual_sum_dataset = xr.Dataset(
{'annual_precipitation_sum': annual_precipitation_sum},
coords={'latitude': precipitation_data.latitude, 'longitude':
precipitation_data.longitude}
)
annual_sum_dataset.to_netcdf(annual_sum_filename)
# Close the annual precipitation dataset
annual_precipitation.close()
# Print the list of saved monthly sum files for the current year
print(f"Year: {year_str}")
print(f"Monthly sum files: {monthly_precipitation_datasets}")
print(f"Annual sum file: {annual_sum_filename}")
print("Data download and processing completed.")
