1.

Frequently Used String Methods

1. str.lower()

o Converts all characters in a string to lowercase.

o Example: "HELLO".lower() → "hello"

2. str.upper()

o Converts all characters to uppercase.

o Example: "hello".upper() → "HELLO"

3. str.strip()

o Removes leading and trailing whitespace (or specified characters).

o Example: " hello ".strip() → "hello"

4. str.split()

o Splits a string into a list using a specified delimiter (default is whitespace).

o Example: "a,b,c".split(',') → ['a', 'b', 'c']

5. str.join()

o Joins elements of an iterable (e.g., list) into a string, separated by the string calling
the method.

o Example: ",".join(['a', 'b', 'c']) → "a,b,c"

6. str.replace()

o Replaces occurrences of a substring with another substring.

o Example: "hello world".replace("world", "Python") → "hello Python"

7. str.find()

o Returns the index of the first occurrence of a substring or -1 if not found.

o Example: "hello".find('e') → 1

8. str.startswith()

o Checks if a string starts with the specified prefix.

o Example: "hello".startswith('he') → True

9. str.endswith()

o Checks if a string ends with the specified suffix.

o Example: "hello".endswith('lo') → True

10. str.format()

o Performs string formatting.

o Example: "Hello, {}".format("world") → "Hello, world"

1. str.title()

o Capitalizes the first letter of each word.

o Example: "hello world".title() → "Hello World"

2. str.capitalize()

o Capitalizes the first letter of the string.

o Example: "hello".capitalize() → "Hello"

3. str.count()

o Counts the occurrences of a substring.

o Example: "banana".count('a') → 3

4. str.isdigit()

o Checks if the string contains only digits.

o Example: "123".isdigit() → True

5. str.isalpha()

o Checks if the string contains only alphabetic characters.

o Example: "hello".isalpha() → True

6. str.isalnum()

o Checks if the string contains only alphanumeric characters.

o Example: "hello123".isalnum() → True

7. str.lstrip()

o Removes leading whitespace (or specified characters).

o Example: " hello".lstrip() → "hello"

8. str.rstrip()

o Removes trailing whitespace (or specified characters).

o Example: "hello ".rstrip() → "hello"

9. str.zfill()

o Pads the string with zeros on the left to fill a specified width.

o Example: "42".zfill(5) → "00042"

10. str.partition()

o Splits the string into three parts: before, delimiter, after.

o Example: "hello world".partition(' ') → ('hello', ' ', 'world')

1. str.swapcase()

o Swaps uppercase to lowercase and vice versa.

o Example: "Hello".swapcase() → "hELLO"

2. str.casefold()

o Converts the string to lowercase (more aggressive than lower()).

o Example: "HELLO".casefold() → "hello"

3. str.index()

o Returns the index of the first occurrence of a substring, raises ValueError if not
found.

o Example: "hello".index('e') → 1

4. str.rfind()

o Finds the last occurrence of a substring or -1 if not found.

o Example: "banana".rfind('a') → 5

5. str.rsplit()

o Splits the string from the right into a list.

o Example: "a,b,c".rsplit(',', 1) → ['a,b', 'c']

6. str.center()

o Centers the string within a specified width.

o Example: "hello".center(10, '-') → "--hello---"

7. str.ljust()

o Left-aligns the string in a field of specified width.

o Example: "hello".ljust(10, '-') → "hello-----"

8. str.rjust()

o Right-aligns the string in a field of specified width.

o Example: "hello".rjust(10, '-') → "-----hello"

9. str.splitlines()

o Splits a string at line breaks.

o Example: "line1\nline2".splitlines() → ['line1', 'line2']

10. str.expandtabs()

o Expands tabs into spaces.

o Example: "hello\tworld".expandtabs(4) → "hello world"

1. str.islower()

o Checks if all characters are lowercase.

o Example: "hello".islower() → True

2. str.isupper()

o Checks if all characters are uppercase.

o Example: "HELLO".isupper() → True

3. str.isspace()

o Checks if the string contains only whitespace.

o Example: " ".isspace() → True

4. str.isprintable()

o Checks if all characters in the string are printable.

o Example: "hello".isprintable() → True

5. str.isidentifier()

o Checks if the string is a valid Python identifier.

o Example: "variable_name".isidentifier() → True

6. str.maketrans()

o Creates a translation table for str.translate().

o Example: str.maketrans('abc', '123')

7. str.translate()

o Translates the string using a translation table.

o Example: "abc".translate(str.maketrans('abc', '123')) → "123"

8. str.removeprefix() (Python 3.9+)

o Removes a prefix from the string.

o Example: "unhappy".removeprefix('un') → "happy"

9. str.removesuffix() (Python 3.9+)

o Removes a suffix from the string.

o Example: "kindness".removesuffix('ness') → "kind"

10. str.encode()

o Encodes the string into bytes using a specified encoding.

o Example: "hello".encode('utf-8')