SIMPLICRACK |RRB NTPC Revision Series

DAY -1
UN & Other Important World
Organizations
United Nations (UNO) Security Council (maintain peace & security)
❑ Established: 24 October 1945 (UNO Day) ❑ Total Members: 15
❑ Headquarters: Manhattan Island, New York City, USA ❑ Permanent Members: 5 – USA, UK, Russia, France,
(Land donated by John D. Rockefeller) China
❑ Founding Members: 51 countries ❑ Temporary Members: 10 (Tenure – 2 years)
❑ Current Members: 193 (Latest: South Sudan) ❑ Special Power: Veto power (used most by Russia)
❑ India: Founding member (joined in 1945) ❑ Nicknamed: "World’s Policeman"
❑ Objective: To maintain international peace and security ❑ First use of Veto: By USA in 1970 (Rhodesia issue)
❑ Name given by: Franklin D. Roosevelt (USA President) Sec. Gen. Country Tenure
❑ Charter: 111 Articles, 19 Chapters Trygve Lie Norway 1946–53
❑ Official Languages: English, French, Chinese, Arabic, Dag Hammarskjöld Sweden 1953–61
Russian, Spanish U Thant Myanmar 1961–71(Longest Serving)
❑ Working Languages: English and French Kurt Waldheim Austria 1972–81
Main Organs of the UNO (6 total) Javier Pérez de Cuéllar Peru 1982–91
1.General Assembly (Legislative) Boutros Boutros-Ghali Egypt 1992–96
2.Security Council (Executive) Kofi Annan Ghana 1997–2006
3.Economic and Social Council
South
4.Trusteeship Council Ban Ki-moon 2007–16
Korea
5.International Court of Justice António Guterres Portugal 2017–Present
6.Secretariat
General Assembly (Main deliberative body) International Court of Justice (Judicial Organ)
First Meeting : Jan 10, 1946 (London) ❑ Established: 3 April 1946
❑ First meeting: October 1952 (in UN Building) ❑ Headquarters: The Hague, Netherlands
❑ 193 members (1 country = 1 vote)President: 1-year term ❑ Judges: 15 (Tenure – 9 years)
Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) Specialized Agencies of the United Nations Headquarter
•Focuses on economic, social, environmental issues
1 FAO Food and Agriculture Organization Rome, Italy
•Coordinates 14 agencies, 10 commissions
•54 members, 3-year overlapping terms 2 ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization
Montreal,
Quebec, Canada
Trusteeship Council International Fund for Agricultural
3 IFAD Rome, Italy
❑ Supervised former colonies Development

❑ Suspended in 1994, still exists formally 4 ILO

International Labour Organization (11
Geneva, Switzerland
Apr 1919) Nobel-1969
Indian Contributions to the UNO 5 IMO International Maritime Organization London, United Kingdom
❑ First Woman President of UN General Assembly:
Washington, D.C., United
Vijayalakshmi Pandit (1953) 6 IMF International Monetary Fund
States
❑ First Hindi speech at UN: Atal Bihari Vajpayee 7 ITU International Telecommunication Union Geneva, Switzerland
❑ First Indian woman to perform at UN: M. S. Subbulakshmi
United Nations Educational, Scientific
(1966) 8 UNESCO
and Cultural Organization
Paris, France
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
United Nations Industrial Development
❑ Launched: 2015 (by all UN member states) 9 UNIDO
Organization
Vienna, Austria
•Agenda: 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development
10 UNWTO World Tourism Organization Madrid, Spain
•Aim: End poverty, protect the planet, ensure peace & prosperity
❑ Total Goals: 17 11 UPU Universal Postal Union Bern, Switzerland
❑ Total Targets: 169 World Bank Group Washington, D.C., United
12 WBG
❑ Deadline: 2030 (President : Ajay Banga) States

Linked Agreements (adopted with SDGs): 13 WHO World Health Organization Geneva, Switzerland
❑ Sendai Framework (Disaster Risk Reduction) 14 WIPO World Intellectual Property Organization Geneva, Switzerland
❑ Addis Ababa Action Agenda (Finance for development)
15 WMO World Meteorological Organization Geneva, Switzerland
❑ Paris Agreement (Climate change)
 ❑ 2023: International Year of Millets
❑ 2007: UN declared 2nd October as International Day of
❑ 2024: International Year of Camelids
Non-Violence
2025:
❑ 2014: 21st June became International Yoga Day
❑ International Year of Quantum Science and Technology
❑ 2016: B.R. Ambedkar’s birth anniversary was observed at
❑ International Year of Cooperatives
the UN; India proposed April 14 as International Equality
❑ International Year of Glaciers' Preservation
Day
❑ 1948: UN adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights ❑ 1953: Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit became the first woman
❑ 1950: UNHCR founded post-WWII President of the UNGA (8th President)
❑ 2010: UN Women established for gender equality

Programmes Agency Headquarters

United Nations Development
UNDP New York City, United States
Programme

UNICEF United Nations Children's Fund New York City, United States

United Nations Capital

UNCDF New York City, United States
Development Fund

WFP World Food Programme Rome, Italy

United Nations Environment

UNEP Nairobi, Kenya
Programme

United Nations Population

UNFPA New York City, United States
Fund

United Nations Human Hague,Netherlands.

UN-HABITAT Nairobi, Kenya
Settlements Programme

UNV United Nations Volunteers Bonn, Germany

Few Important
International Organizations
Reports published by the United Nations:
World Bank (IBRD) International Bank for Reconstruction and
Development
❑ Human Development Report (UNDP) ❑ Established: Dec 1945 (Bretton Woods Agreement)
❑ World Development Report (World Bank) ❑ HQ: Washington D.C.
❑ Ease of Doing Business Report (World Bank) Provides long-term loans.
❑ Logistics Performance Index (World Bank) International Development Association (IDA)
❑ World Economic Outlook (IMF) ❑ Established: 24 Sept 1960
❑ Global Financial Stability Report (IMF) Also called: Soft Loan Window of World Bank
❑ World Health Statistics (WHO) Loans: Interest-free
❑ State of Food Security and Nutrition (FAO) ❑ Administered by IBRD
❑ Global Education Monitoring Report (UNESCO) International Finance Corporation (IFC)
❑ Assessment Reports (AR) (IPCC) ❑ Established: July 1956
❑ World Intellectual Property Report (WIPO) ❑ HQ: Washington D.C.
International Monetary Fund (IMF)
❑ Established: 27 Dec 1945 (Bretton Woods)
❑ HQ: Washington D.C.
Provides short-term loans
Asian Development Bank (ADB)
❑ Established: Dec 1966
❑ HQ: Manila, Philippines
Members: 69
International Labour Organization (ILO) United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural
❑ Established: 11 April 1919 Organization (UNESCO)
❑ HQ: Geneva, Switzerland ❑ Established: 16 Nov 1945
❑ Nobel Peace Prize: 1969 ❑ HQ: Paris, France
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Commonwealth
❑ Established: 16 Oct 1945 ❑ Founded: 1931
❑ HQ: Rome, Italy ❑ HQ: London
World Health Organization (WHO) ❑ Members: 54
❑ Established: 7 April 1948 ❑ India joined: 1949
❑ HQ: Geneva, Switzerland World Tourism Organization (UNWTO)
❑ Notable Indian: Rajkumari Amrita Kaur (1st Indian woman ❑ Established: 1925
President of WHO) ❑ HQ: Madrid, Spain
United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund European Union (EU)
(UNICEF) ❑ Founded: 1957 (Treaty of Rome)
❑ Established: 1946 (by UNGA) ❑ HQ: Brussels, Belgium
❑ HQ: New York ❑ Members: 27
❑ Type: Quasi-governmental organization ❑ 1st country to exit: Britain (31 January 2020)
❑ Euro Currency:
GATT / WTO ❑ Adopted by 11 countries on: 1 Jan 1999
•General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade: Established 1947 ❑ Legal tender from: 1 Jan 2002
•World Trade Organisation: Came into effect on 1 Jan 1995 ❑ Adopted by 20 countries (latest: Croatia)
•HQ: Geneva
•Members: 164 (Afghanistan is 164th)
•1st Ministerial Conf.: Singapore, 1996
 Arab League
SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation) ❑ Established: 22 March 1945
❑ Established: 7–8 Dec 1985 ❑ HQ: Cairo, Egypt
❑ HQ: Kathmandu, Nepal ❑ Members: 22
❑ Members: 8 Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, CTBT (Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty)
Pakistan, Sri Lanka and (Afghanistan joined in 2007) ❑ Established: 19 Nov 1996
❑ 1st Summit: Dhaka, 1985 (Chair: H.M. Ershad) OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries)
❑ 1st India Summit: New Delhi, Nov 1986 (Chair: Rajiv Gandhi) ❑ Founded: 14 Nov 1960 (Baghdad)
Red Cross (ICRC) ❑ HQ: Vienna, Austria
❑ Founded: 1863 (by Henry Dunant) NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organisation)
❑ HQ: Geneva ❑ Established: 4 April 1949
❑ Nobel Peace Prizes: 1917, 1944, 1963 (Three Times) ❑ HQ: Brussels, Belgium
❑ Red Cross Day: 8 May ❑ Members: 32
Amnesty International ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations)
❑ Founded: 28 May 1961 (by Peter Benenson) ❑ Founded: 8 Aug 1967
❑ HQ: London ❑ HQ: Jakarta, Indonesia
❑ Nobel Peace Prize: 1977 ❑ Members: 10 (Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos,
Interpol Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and
❑ Founded: 1923 Vietnam) Trick : MBBS CLIP TV
❑ HQ: Lyon, France APEC (Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation)
Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) ❑ Founded: Nov 1989
❑ Founded: 1961 (Belgrade) ❑ HQ: Singapore
❑ HQ (Secretariat): Kathmandu, Nepal ❑ Members: 21
❑ Founders: Nehru, Nasser, Tito,
❑ Members: 120
NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement)
❑ Established: 1992 BRICS
❑ Members: USA, Canada, Mexico ❑ Founded: 2009 (Yekaterinburg, Russia)
EFTA (European Free Trade Association) ❑ Members (9): Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa, Iran,
❑ Founded: 3 May 1960 (Stockholm) Egypt, Saudi Arabia, UAE
G-8/G-7 SCO (Shanghai Cooperation Organization)
❑ Founded: 1975 (8th member: Russia added in 1997, ❑ Founded: 15 June 2001 (earlier Shanghai-5)
removed 2014) Now it is G-7 ❑ HQ: Beijing, China
❑ 1st Summit: Nov 1975 (Rambouillet, France) ❑ India joined: 2017
D-8 (Developing 8) ❑ Members: 10 (Latest: Belarus)
❑ Founded: June 1997 (Istanbul) Colombo Plan (Human Resource Development)
G-15 ❑ Founded: 1950
❑ Founded: Sept 1989 ❑ HQ: Colombo, Sri Lanka
❑ HQ: Geneva Organization of Islamic Conference (OIC)
G-20 ❑ Founded: 1971
❑ Founded: Dec 1999 (Berlin) ❑ HQ: Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
❑ 1st Meeting: 2008 (Washington) League of Nations
❑ Members: 21 (19 countries + EU + AU) ❑ Established: 10 Jan 1920
UNCTAD ❑ Soviet Union expelled: 1939
❑ Established: 1964 QUAD
❑ Founder: Dr. Raul Prebisch ❑ Members: India, USA, Japan, Australia
❑ HQ: Geneva ❑ Originated: 2007 (by Shinzo Abe)
IBSA ❑ Formalized: 2017
❑ Founded: 2003 ❑ 1st Summit: 2021 (Washington)
❑ Members: India, Brazil, South Africa
BIMSTEC IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency)
❑ Full Form: Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral ❑ Established: 1957
Technical and Economic Cooperation ❑ HQ: Vienna, Austria
❑ Established: 6 June 1997 ❑ Purpose: Promotes peaceful use of nuclear energy; nuclear
❑ HQ: Dhaka, Bangladesh safeguards
❑ Members: 7 (India, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal, Sri Lanka, IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change)
Myanmar, Thailand) ❑ Established: 1988 (by UNEP + WMO)
International Solar Alliance (ISA) ❑ HQ: Geneva, Switzerland
❑ Established: 30 November 2015 (COP21, Paris) ❑ Purpose: Scientific reports on climate change; won Nobel
❑ HQ: Gurugram, India Peace Prize 2007 (with Al Gore)
❑ Founders: India & France CAN (Climate Action Network International)
❑ Focus: Global solar energy cooperation ❑ Established: 1989
NDB (New Development Bank) ❑ HQ: Bonn, Germany
❑ Established: 2014 by BRICS ❑ Purpose: Global network of 1,800+ NGOs for climate action
❑ HQ: Shanghai, China WEF (World Economic Forum)
❑ Purpose: Finance infrastructure and sustainable ❑ Established: 1971
development projects in BRICS and other emerging ❑ HQ: Geneva, Switzerland
economies ❑ Famous For: Annual Davos meetings of world leaders,
AIIB (Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank) economists & corporates
❑ Established: 2016 I2U2 Group
❑ HQ: Beijing, China ❑ Members: India, Israel, UAE, USA
❑ Members: 100+ ❑ Established: 2021
❑ Purpose: Infrastructure and economic development in ❑ Focus: Economic and strategic cooperation in food, energy,
Asia tech
ISO (International Organization for Standardization) IFSCA (International Financial Services Centres Authority)
❑ Established: 1947 ❑ Established: 2020
❑ HQ: Geneva, Switzerland ❑ HQ: GIFT City, Gujarat, India
❑ Function: Develops and publishes international standards ❑ Purpose: Regulates financial services in India’s international
(e.g., ISO 9001) financial centres
IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) NABARD
❑ Established: 1948 ❑ Full Form: National Bank for Agriculture and Rural
❑ HQ: Gland, Switzerland Development
❑ Known For: Red List of Threatened Species ❑ Established: 12 July 1982 (Sivaraman Committee)
International Seabed Authority ❑ HQ: Mumbai
❑ Established: 1994 (under UNCLOS) ❑ Focus: Rural development & agriculture financing
❑ HQ: Kingston, Jamaica RBI (Reserve Bank of India)
❑ Purpose: Regulates deep-sea mining in international seabed ❑ Established: 1 April 1935 (Hilton- Young Commission)
areas (nationalized in 1949)
International Criminal Court (ICC) ❑ HQ: Mumbai
❑ Established: 2002 (Rome Statute) ❑ Role: Central Bank of India, monetary policy, currency
❑ HQ: The Hague, Netherlands issuance, regulation of banks
❑ Purpose: Tries individuals for war crimes, genocide, crimes
against humanity
Interpol
❑ Established: 1923
❑ HQ: Lyon, France
❑ Function: International police cooperation & crime data
sharing
PYQs in Extremely Short Format
Indian Institutions & Organisations ❑ National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission, Estd:
❑ KHS – Kendriya Hindi Sansthan, HQ: Agra 1988
❑ SA – Sahitya Akademi, Estd: 12 Mar 1954, HQ: New Delhi ❑ CPRI – Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla
❑ Adavi Brand – By NABARD (National Bank for Agriculture ❑ CDRI – Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow
and Rural Development) + JSS (Jan Shikshan Sansthan) ❑ ZSI – Zoological Survey of India, HQ: Kolkata
❑ IIHR – Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru ❑ PETA India – People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals,
❑ EFLU – English and Foreign Languages University, Started: 2000
Hyderabad, Estd: 1958 ❑ NTA – National Testing Agency, Estd: 2017
❑ IITM – Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Pune ❑ IIP – Indian Institute of Petroleum, Dehradun
❑ Bambai Nazariya – Trans-inclusive café, Supported by The ❑ Export Promotion Council for Handicrafts, HQ: New Delhi
Humsafar Trust ❑ TRAI – Telecom Regulatory Authority of India, HQ: New
❑ Mahatma Gandhi Antarrashtriya Hindi Vishwavidyalaya, Delhi
Wardha (MH) ❑ Odantapuri Univ – Ancient University, Bihar
❑ Sree Sankaracharya University of Sanskrit, Kerala ❑ IGRMS – Indira Gandhi Rashtriya Manav Sangrahalaya
❑ PCRA – Petroleum Conservation Research Association (Fuel (Anthropology Museum), Bhopal
Saving)
❑ NRF – National Research Foundation (Proposed by NEP
2020)
❑ CESCT – Centre of Excellence for Studies in Classical Telugu,
under CIIL (Central Institute of Indian Languages)
❑ Air Sports Federation of India (Apex body for air sports)
International & UN-related Organisations
❑ UN – United Nations, Formed: 24 Oct 1945 (51 nations), ❑ Dag Hammarskjöld – 2nd UN Secretary-General (Quote on
UN purpose)
Current: 193
❑ UNGA – UN General Assembly, Meets: September
❑ UNSC – United Nations Security Council, HQ: New York
❑ UN Agenda 2030 Goals – 17 SDGs (Sustainable
❑ UNESCO – UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural
Organization, HQ: Paris Development Goals)
❑ UN Charter Adopted – 26 June 1945, Signed: 24 Oct 1945
❑ UNICEF – UN Children's Fund, HQ: New York
❑ UNFPA – UN Population Fund (Reproductive Health) Global Alliances & Treaties
❑ ILO – International Labour Organization, Estd: 1919 ❑ WTO – World Trade Organization, Estd: 1995, Promotes
❑ UNODC – UN Office on Drugs and Crime (Anti-trafficking) multilateral trade
❑ UNEP – UN Environment Programme, HQ: Nairobi, Kenya ❑ WB + IMF – World Bank + International Monetary Fund, HQ:
❑ IIEP – International Institute of Educational Planning Washington DC (Bretton Woods Institutions)
(UNESCO), Paris ❑ G7 – Group of Seven: US, UK, France, Germany, Italy, Japan,
❑ UNU – United Nations University, HQ: Tokyo Canada (Estd: 1975)
❑ UNDP – United Nations Development Programme, Founded: ❑ BRICS – Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa, Estd: 2009
1965 ❑ EXIM Bank – Export-Import Bank of India (BRICS Research
❑ UNIDO – UN Industrial Development Organization, Estd: Awards)
1966 ❑ EU – European Union, Founded: 1993, Executive: European
❑ UNSSC – UN System Staff College, HQ: Turin, Italy Commission
❑ Joint Inspection Unit (UN oversight) ❑ SAARC – South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation,
❑ UDHR – Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Adopted: 10 Estd: 1987, Kathmandu
Dec 1948 ❑ SDF – SAARC Development Fund, HQ: Thimphu, Bhutan
❑ BRI – Belt and Road Initiative (China)
❑ SAFTA – South Asian Free Trade Area (India = Associate ❑ IRENA – International Renewable Energy Agency, HQ: Abu
Member) Dhabi
❑ BIMSTEC – Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral ❑ IRRI – International Rice Research Institute, HQ: Los Baños,
Technical and Economic Cooperation, HQ: Dhaka Philippines
❑ SCO – Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, Founded: 2001 ❑ FIEO – Federation of Indian Export Organisations, App:
❑ ASEAN – Association of Southeast Asian Nations, Estd: 1967 Niryat Mitra
in Bangkok, HQ: Jakarta ❑ BRO – Border Roads Organisation, Estd: May 1960, under
❑ OPEC – Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, Ministry of Defence
Founded: 1960, Baghdad ❑ AITUC – All India Trade Union Congress (Oldest)
❑ Commonwealth – Political association of former British ❑ Blue Dot Hubs – For migrant families, by UNICEF + UNHCR
colonies ❑ Indigenous Languages Year – 2019 (by UN)
❑ UN Charter of Economic Rights – Adopted: Dec 1974
Humanitarian, Security & Social Welfare
❑ CRY – Child Rights and You (Child protection)
❑ Bachpan Bachao Andolan, Founded by Kailash Satyarthi
❑ Red Cross (ICRC) – Int’l Committee of the Red Cross,
Founded: 1863 by Jean Henry Durant, HQ: Geneva
❑ INTERPOL (ICPC) – International Criminal Police
Commission, Predecessor estd: 1923, Vienna
❑ ICAO – International Civil Aviation Organization, HQ:
Montreal, Canada
❑ ICJ – International Court of Justice, HQ: The Hague
SIMPLICRACK |RRB NTPC Revision Series

Research Institutes of India

List of 40 Important Research Centers in India
❑ National Aeronautical Laboratory – Bangalore
❑ Central Scientific Industrial Organisation –
❑ Indian Agriculture Research Institute – New Delhi Chandigarh
❑ Central Road Research Institute – New Delhi ❑ Central Salt and Marine Chemical Research
❑ Central Rice Research Institute – Cuttack Institute – Bhavnagar
❑ Central Sugarcane Research Institute – ❑ Archaeological Survey of India – Kolkata
Coimbatore ❑ Central Jute Technological Research Institute –
❑ National Sugar Institute – Kanpur Kolkata
❑ Central Potato Research Institute – Shimla ❑ Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute –
❑ Central Tobacco Research Institute – Rajamundry Kolkata
❑ Indian Lac Research Institute – Ranchi ❑ Indian Institute of Chemical Biology – Kolkata
❑ National Dairy Research Institute – Karnal ❑ Central Coconut Research Institute – Kasaragod
(Haryana) (Kerala)
❑ Central Fuel Research Institute – Dhanbad ❑ Textile Research Institute – Ahmedabad
❑ Central Mining Research Institute – Dhanbad ❑ National Institute of Oceanography – Panaji
❑ Central Leather Research Institute – Chennai ❑ National Geophysics Research Institute –
❑ Central Drug Research Institute – Lucknow Hyderabad
❑ National Botanical Research Institute – Lucknow ❑ Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology –
❑ Industrial Toxicology Research Centre – Lucknow Hyderabad
❑ Indian Meteorological Observatory – Pune & Delhi ❑ Indian Institute of Petroleum – Dehradun
❑ Raman Research Institute – Bangalore ❑ Central Building Research Institute – Roorkee
❑ Tata Institute of Fundamental Research – Mumbai
❑ Uranium Corporation of India – Jadugoda
❑ High Altitude Research Laboratory – Gulmarg
❑ Nehru Institute of Mountaineering - Uttarkashi
❑ Central Food Technological Research Institute –
Mysore
❑ National Environmental Engineering Research
Institute – Nagpur
❑ Central Electro-Chemical Research Institute –
Karaikudi (Tamil Nadu)
❑ Central Mechanical Engineering Research Institute
– Durgapur
❑ Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre –
Thiruvananthapuram

Your Own Notes :