A research problem definition can be broadly put forward as the primary statement of a

knowledge gap or a fundamental challenge in a field, which forms the foundation for research.
Conversely, the findings from a research investigation provide solutions to the problem. A
research problem guides the selection of approaches and methodologies, data collection, and
interpretation of results to find answers or solutions. A well-defined problem determines the
generation of valuable insights and contributions to the broader intellectual discourse. Selecting a
research problem is a crucial step in the research process. Selecting a research problem is a
critical step in the research process, as it lays the foundation for the entire study. The significance
of choosing an appropriate research problem cannot be overstated; it influences the research
design, methodology, and the potential impact of the findings. Several factors must be
considered to ensure that the selected research problem is viable, relevant, and significant. A
well-chosen research problem can lead to a successful and meaningful research study, while a
poorly chosen problem can lead to frustration and disappointment. We will discuss some factors
to consider when selecting a research problem as the manuscript unfolds.

Personal Preference; The primary driving force behind the researcher’s choice of study
question is their personal preference, a researcher will choose a problem for his or her research if
he or she has a personal interest in it. Passion is the fuel that drives perseverance and dedication.
Choosing a research topic aligned with one’s interests fosters genuine enthusiasm, making the
journey more enjoyable and sustaining motivation throughout the often-lengthy process. A topic
that resonates with the researcher’s curiosity or aligns with their personal values tends to yield
more profound insights and a deeper understanding. 1 The researcher should be deeply interested
in the problem. He should be determined to find solution to the problem. He must have the
perseverance to arrive at effective solution. In other words, there should be complete devotion
and dedication on the part of the researcher to deal with the research work. The personal interest
and expertise of the researcher are vital considerations in selecting a research problem. 2
Engaging with a topic that aligns with one’s passion can enhance motivation and commitment,

1
Creswell. J.W. (2018) Research Design qualitative and quantitative research methods approaches 5th edn, Los
Angeles, Sage publications.
2
Bryman. A. (2021). Social research methods 6th edn Oxford university press.
which are important for conducting thorough research. Additionally, a researcher should possess
or be willing to develop the necessary skills and knowledge to approach the problem effectively. 3

Resources readily available; A researcher will take care of the accessible resources during
the selection process and the choice of the problem is simple if the resources of money, time,
lodging, and transportation are available at the location of choice. 4 A more significant internal
factor affecting problem selection is the availability of resources. The researcher should have
adequate time and money to handle the research activity. It is advisable on the part of the
researcher to estimate properly the amount of funds that would be required to undertake the
research work. If the funds are not available with the researcher, then he should make
arrangement to obtain the funds from external sources, if possible. 5 If sufficient funds were not
available then it would not be possible to undertake the research work effectively. The
researcher should not just see the availability of funds, but also must conduct a cost benefit
analysis of undertaking such research activity. If the costs outweigh the benefits of the research,
he may not proceed with such research problem or activity. Apart from the availability of the
funds, the researcher must also look into the availability of the time to undertake the research
work. The researcher should complete the research work within a reasonable length of time. The
time required for research work depends

Relative significance; The choice of a research problem is significantly influenced by

both importance and the problem; the researcher is more likely to choose the problem if it is
reasonably. An impactful research topic should address a pertinent issue or gap in existing
knowledge. Assessing the relevance and significance of a topic within the academic field or its
practical implications in the real world is crucial. Consider its potential contribution to the field,
societal relevance, and the extent to which it can fill a knowledge vacuum or address an existing
problem. One of the primary factors to consider is the significance and relevance of the problem. 6

3
Teply.L.L. (1999) Legal research and citation 5th edn American Casebook series
4
Teply.L.L. (1999) Legal research and citation 5th edn American Casebook Series
5
Kothari.C.R. (2004) Research methodology, Methods and technigue. 2nd edn New Delhi New age international.
6
Putich. K.F. (2016) Developing effective research proposals. 3rd edn Sage publications.
The research problem should address a gap in existing knowledge or contribute to an ongoing
debate. It should have practical implications, making it valuable to both the academic community
and society at large. Scholars often look for research problems that can influence policy, solve
real-world issues, or advance theory in a particular field.7

Feasibility of the Research: Most of all, the researcher should consider the feasibility of the
research. He should find well in advance whether or not he would be able to: Collect the relevant
data from the right sources; Obtain proper responses from the respondents; Get the required
cooperation and guidance from concerned authorities in providing data or accessing the records. 8
There are some organizations, such as private organizations, do not easily allow researchers to
access their records; Complete the research activity within the available time. The feasibility of a
research problem refers to the practicality of conducting the research within available resources,
time, and expertise.9 A researcher must consider whether the necessary data can be obtained, if
there is access to required resources such as funding and equipment, and whether the research
can be completed within a reasonable timeframe. A problem that demands resources beyond
what is available can lead to incomplete research.10

Researcher’s Competence: It is not enough for the researcher to have dedication to research
work, but there should be proper application or competence on the part of the researcher. The
researcher should have the knowledge, ability and skills to handle the research activity.

Quality of Research Problem: The research problem should of substance. There is no sense to
study a research problem if it would not serve any purpose. Also, one should not waste one’s
time and efforts on a problem studied thoroughly by others. However, one may repeat an earlier
study to validate the findings to different situations. 11
7
McConville. (1998) Research methods for law 3rd edn
8
Ibid
9
Ibid
10
Booth, A., Colomb, G., & Williams, P. (2008). The Craft of Research. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
11
Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. Los Angeles:
Sage Publications.
Availability of Facilities: Research requires certain facilities such as appropriate library facilities,
data processing facilities, etc. Therefore, the researcher must consider the availability of external
facilities to make the research study effective. 12

Social Relevance: The research should be socially relevant. It should serve some purpose to the
society or to the organization that conducts the research. The factors of social relevance are
especially important in the case of higher-level academic research and sponsored research.

Research Personnel: At times, research activity requires a good deal of research personnel to
undertake field interviews and other related activities. Therefore, the researchers should consider
the availability of competent research personnel to assist him in research work. If necessary, the
research personnel need to be provided with necessary guidance and training to undertake the
research activities.

Urgency and Importance of the Problem: Business organizations and other institutions face a
number of problems. They should list out the problems in the order of their urgency and
importance. The more urgent and important problems should be researched first, as they are vital
to the success of the organization and/or such problems if solved at the earliest may help to avert
major crisis.13 Therefore, the researcher should give priority to more urgent and important
problems. The less urgent and important decisions may be researched later.14

Ethical Considerations: Ethical considerations are paramount when selecting a research problem.
Researchers must ensure that their study does not harm participants, communities, or the
environment. Upholding ethical standards involves obtaining necessary approvals, ensuring
informed consent, and protecting data privacy. A problem that poses ethical dilemmas may
necessitate reevaluation or modification to align with ethical guidelines.

12
Kothari.C.R. (2004) Research methodology, Methods and technigue. 2nd edn New Delhi New age international.
13
Hart, C. (1998). Doing a Literature Review: Releasing the Social Science Research Imagination. London: Sage
Publications.
14
Hart, C. (1998). Doing a Literature Review: Releasing the Social Science Research Imagination. London: Sage
Publications.
Scope and Manageability; The scope of the research problem should be clearly defined and
manageable. Problems that are too broad can be overwhelming and difficult to address
comprehensively, while those that are too narrow might not be significant enough to warrant
investigation. Striking a balance is crucial to ensure the research is focused yet meaningful.

Conclusion
In summary, selecting a research problem requires careful consideration of various factors
including significance, feasibility, personal interest, novelty, ethics, and scope. By thoughtfully
addressing these factors, researchers can choose problems that are not only meaningful but also
manageable, ultimately contributing valuable insights to their field of study.