Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING AND

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

Project Title: Airlines Management System

Enroll. No.​ Name of Students

9923103197​ Arman Gupta
9923103215​ Tanya Chauhan
9923103216​ Divyansh Singh
9923103217​ Saumya Agarwal

(Batch - F8)

Submitted To : Dr. Minal Tandekar

Course Name: Algorithms and Problem Solving Lab
Course Code: 15B17CI471
Program: B. Tech CSE (4th Sem)
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We would like to extend our deepest gratitude to Dr. Minal Tandekar, whose insightful

guidance, expertise, and continuous encouragement have been instrumental in the successful

completion of this project. Her dedication to helping us understand the core principles of

Algorithms and Problem Solving and her constructive feedback throughout the course of the

project have greatly contributed to our learning experience. We are immensely grateful to all

the team members involved in this project: Arman Gupta, Tanya Chauhan, Divyansh Singh,

Saumya Agarwal. Each member played an integral role in gathering data, conducting

analysis, and collaborating to ensure the successful completion of the project. Their

teamwork, dedication, and active participation were key to producing quality work.

We would also like to express our appreciation to the Jaypee Institute of Information

Technology (JIIT), Sector-128 and Department of Computer Science and Engineering

for providing us with the platform and resources to explore the subject of Algorithms and

Problem Solving. The institution has enabled us to apply theoretical knowledge to practical

settings, helping us gain valuable insights into responsible career choices and its

implications.

Lastly, we acknowledge the support and cooperation of the various individuals and our

families. Their contributions were critical in enabling us to conduct an in-depth analysis.

PROBLEM STATEMENT

Airlines operate in a highly dynamic and competitive environment where

efficient management of reservations is critical for success. However, many
existing systems still rely on outdated technologies or fragmented processes that
cannot handle the growing demands of modern air travel. The goal of this
project is to design and develop a comprehensive Flight Management System
that supports both airlines and passengers by optimizing flight routes, managing
flight schedules, predicting ticket prices, allocating passenger seats efficiently,
and analyzing customer feedback for service improvement.

Key Features:
●​ Route Optimization: Implement an algorithm to identify the most
cost-effective flight routes between airports by evaluating available flight
options and their respective costs.
●​ Flight Scheduling: Provide tools for scheduling flights between different
airports, taking into account departure and arrival times, operational
constraints, and associated expenses.
●​ Price Prediction: Apply predictive modeling techniques using historical
flight data to estimate ticket prices for new flights, enabling airlines to
remain competitive in pricing strategies.
●​ Passenger Seat Allocation: Ensure optimal seat assignment by allocating
seats to passengers on a first-come, first-served basis, maximizing the use
of available flight capacity.
●​ Feedback Analysis: Leverage natural language processing (NLP)
methods to interpret and analyze passenger feedback, offering valuable
insights into customer satisfaction and highlighting areas that need
improvement.
OBJECTIVE

The primary objective of the Airline Reservation and Management System is to

design and implement a secure, user-friendly, and efficient platform that
automates the entire process of flight booking and airline operations
management. This system aims to improve the overall customer experience,
reduce administrative overhead, and enhance operational efficiency for airline
staff and management.

Features:
●​ Automate flight booking, cancellation, and management.
●​ Enable passengers to search for both shortest and cheapest routes.
●​ Implement efficient crew assignment using greedy and backtracking
algorithms.
●​ Employ tree traversal techniques for data management and search.
●​ Provide comprehensive reporting for administrators.

PROPOSED SOLUTION

To overcome the limitations of outdated and fragmented airline systems, we

propose the development of a centralized, intelligent, and automated Airline
Reservation and Management System (ARMS). This solution will integrate core
airline functions—such as booking, scheduling, pricing, customer service, and
feedback analysis—into a single platform, designed with modern technologies
to ensure speed, reliability, and scalability.
Key Components of the Solution:
1.​ Automated and Error-Resistant Booking System - Design a user-friendly
online and mobile booking interface that allows customers to search
flights, book tickets, select seats, and make secure payments.

2.​ Advanced Reporting and Analytics Dashboard – Include an admin

dashboard for airline management to view detailed metrics such as flight
occupancy, crew management, and passenger demographics.

3.​ Smart Flight and Crew Scheduling System - Implement intelligent

scheduling algorithms to manage aircraft availability, assign crew, and
optimize flight routes based on traffic, fuel efficiency, and regulations.

ALGORITHMS AND PROBLEM SOLVING CONCEPTS

1.​ Dijkstra’s Algorithm (Shortest Route) :

●​ It is used to find the shortest path from a source node (airport) to all other
nodes (airports) in the graph (flight network).
●​ It's chosen because it efficiently finds the optimal route between two
airports based on the distance.
●​ The algorithm ensures that passengers can reach their destination faster.

2. Cheapest Route Algorithm (Modified Dijkstra/Bellman-Ford) :

●​ It is used to find the route with the minimum total cost, not necessarily
the shortest in time.
●​ Similar to Dijkstra, but edge weights represent prices instead of durations.
●​ If there are constraints (like maximum stops), Bellman-Ford or BFS with
cost tracking is used.
●​ The algorithm explores all possible routes, updating the minimum cost
for each node.
3. Greedy Algorithm for Crew Vacancy :

●​ Quickly assign available crew to flights to minimize unfilled positions.

●​ It Sort flights by departure time and assign available crew who are not
already booked for overlapping flights.
●​ Uses a priority queue to keep track of crew availability times.

4. Backtracking for Crew Assignment :

●​ Finds a valid assignment of crew to flights that satisfies all constraints

(e.g., no overlapping assignments, regulatory requirements).
●​ For each flight, it recursively tries to assign combinations of available
crew.
●​ If a valid assignment is found, proceed; otherwise, backtrack and try
another combination.
●​ Ensures all flights get the required number of pilots and attendants.

5. Tree Traversal Techniques :

●​ Efficiently search and report on hierarchical data (e.g., bookings, crew

assignments).
●​ In-order traversal for sorted listings (e.g., bookings by flight).
●​ Pre-order/post-order for hierarchical reports (e.g., crew duties).
METHODS / FUNCTIONS USED

addFlight() - Adds a new flight, updates graph.

removeFlight() - Removes a flight, updates graph.
updateFlight() - Updates flight details.
listFlights() - Lists all flights.
addCrew() - Adds a crew member.
assignCrewToAllFlights() -Assigns crew to flights using greedy/backtracking.
listCrew() - Lists all crew members.
checkCrewVacancy() - Checks if more crew are needed using greedy algorithm.
printAllDuties() - Prints all crew assignments (uses tree traversal).
searchFlights() - Finds direct flights between two airports.
searchFlightsByTime() - Finds flights departing within a time window.
bookFlight() - Books a seat for a passenger.
cancelBooking() - Cancels a passenger booking, manages waitlist.
listPassengerBookings() - Lists all active bookings for a passenger.
findShortestRoute() - Finds and displays shortest route using Dijkstra’s.
findCheapestRoute()-Finds and displays cheapest route using cost-based search.
flightOccupancyReport() - Shows occupancy percentage for all flights.
waitlistReport() - Shows waitlist size for all flights.
CLASSES AND OBJECTS

1. User (Abstract): Base class for all users.

2. Passenger: Inherits User, manages bookings.
3. Admin: Inherits User, manages system operations.
4. CrewMember: Contains crew details and assigned flights.
5. Flight: Contains flight details, bookings, seat map, and waitlist.
6. Booking: Represents a passenger’s reservation.
7. AirportGraph: Manages the flight network and supports route algorithms.
8. AirlinesSystem: Main controller, manages all operations and data.
OUTPUTS

Fig 1.1 Comprehensive Admin Panel Showcasing ASCII Art and Real-Time Output of
the AddFlight Method Execution

Fig 1.2 Admin Panel Interface with Structured and Dynamic Flight Listing Display
Fig 1.3 Output demonstrating crew assignment using assignCrewtoFlight(),
assignCrewToAllFlights(), and iscrewAvailable(); applies greedy algorithms to minimize
required crew for overlapping flights and backtracking to avoid scheduling conflicts

Fig 1.4 New Crew Recruitment using addcrew() method to fulfill the min
requirement calculated using greedy Algorithm
Fig 1.5 Crew Duties listing
Fig 1.6Passenger panel output demonstrating shortest and cheapest flight route searches
using Dijkstra’s algorithm on the AirportGraph. The system efficiently finds the
shortest route by time (SLN → KSP → DEL in 140 mins) and the cheapest route by cost
(SLN → DEL for 4000 INR), providing passengers with optimal travel options based on
their preferences.
CONCLUSION

The Airline Reservation and Management System is a crucial solution in the

modern aviation industry to address inefficiencies, reduce operational errors,
and enhance customer satisfaction. By automating the reservation process and
integrating core airline functions—such as flight scheduling, seat management,
and passenger record handling—the system significantly improves overall
service quality and operational control. It not only enables real-time data
synchronization and secure transactions but also empowers both airline staff and
customers through user-friendly interfaces and effective administrative tools.
The successful implementation of such a system contributes to better resource
management, increased revenue, and a more reliable and convenient flying
experience for passengers. The modular design supports scalability and future
enhancements, making it suitable for deployment in academic or real-world
settings.
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