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Components of A Database System

The document outlines the components of a Database Management System (DBMS), including the Query Processor, Storage Manager, and Disk Storage. The Query Processor interprets and executes user queries, while the Storage Manager maintains data integrity and manages access. Disk Storage contains essential elements like data files, a data dictionary, and indices for efficient data retrieval.

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9 views2 pages

Components of A Database System

The document outlines the components of a Database Management System (DBMS), including the Query Processor, Storage Manager, and Disk Storage. The Query Processor interprets and executes user queries, while the Storage Manager maintains data integrity and manages access. Disk Storage contains essential elements like data files, a data dictionary, and indices for efficient data retrieval.

Uploaded by

ejazmohammad9234
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Components of a Database System

Query Processor, Storage Manager, and Disk Storage. These are


explained as following below.
Architecture of DBMS

1. Query Processor
It interprets the requests (queries) received from end user via an
application program into instructions. It also executes the user request

which is received from the DML compiler. Query Processor contains the
following components –
 DML Compiler: It processes the DML statements into low level
instruction (machine language), so that they can be executed.
 DDL Interpreter: It processes the DDL statements into a set of table
containing meta data (data about data).
 Embedded DML Pre-compiler: It processes DML statements
embedded in an application program into procedural calls.

 Query Optimizer: The Query Optimizer executes instructions


generated by the DML Compiler and improves query execution
efficiency by choosing the best query plan, considering factors such as
indexing, join order, and available system resources. For instance, if a
query involves joining two large tables, the optimizer will select
the best join order to minimize query execution time.
2. Storage Manager
Storage Manager is an interface between the data stored in the database
and the queries received. It is also known as Database Control System. It
maintains the consistency and integrity of the database by applying the
constraints and executing the DCL statements. It is responsible for
updating, storing, deleting, and retrieving data in the database. It contains
the following components:
 Authorization Manager: It ensures role-based access control, i.e,.
checks whether the particular person is privileged to perform the
requested operation or not.

 Integrity Manager: It checks the integrity constraints when the


database is modified.

 Transaction Manager: It controls concurrent access by performing the


operations in a scheduled way that it receives the transaction. Thus, it
ensures that the database remains in the consistent state before and
after the execution of a transaction.

 File Manager: It manages the file space and the data structure used to
represent information in the database.

 Buffer Manager: It is responsible for cache memory and the transfer


of data between the secondary storage and main memory.

3. Disk Storage
It contains the following essential components:
 Data Files: It stores the actual data in the database.
 Data Dictionary: It contains the information about the structure of
database objects such as tables, constraints, and relationships. It is
the repository of information that governs the metadata.
 Indices: Provides faster data retrieval by allowing the DBMS to find
records quickly, improving query performance.

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