DR. D.Y.

PATIL PRATISHTHAN’S ,
Y.B. PATIL POLYTECHNIC, AKURDI, PUNE (0134)

REPORT ON
INTRODUCTION TO SELENIUM

ACADEMIC YEAR : 2024-2025

CLASS : TYCO-B
SUBJECT: SOFTWAR TESTING (STE) (22518)

ENROLLMENT ROLL NO NAME

2201340197 B-Y3349 MAYANK BANSAL
2101340135 B-Y3305 KAMLESH CHANDANA
2101340177 B-Y3309 PRATHAMESH GADE
 CERTIFICATE

Certificate of completion is granted to Shravani Lohar to certify submission of

REPORT of subject SOFTWARE TESTING on the topic ‘ INTRODUCTION
TO SELENIUM’ for the academic year 2024-2025 as prescribed by MSBTE
curriculum under the guidance of subject teacher, Mr. Santosh Korde Sir.

Mr. Santosh Korde Mrs. Pooja Ahuja

Subject Teacher HOD

Dr. A.S Kondekar

Principal
 INDEX

SR.NO TOPIC

1. SELENIUM

2. SELENIUM SUITE TOOLS

3. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN RC, IDE, WebDriver

4. COURSE COMPLETION CERTIFICATE

SELENIUM
Selenium is an open-source suite of tools and libraries designed for automating web browsers. It
is widely used for testing web applications and supports multiple programming languages,
including Java, C#, Python and JavaScript.

Advantages of Selenium
 Speed and Accuracy: Selenium can execute tests much faster than manual testing. It
automates repetitive tasks, reducing the time required for testing cycles. Automated tests
are less prone to human error, ensuring more reliable and consistent results.

 Cross-Browser Testing: Selenium supports multiple web browsers like Chrome, Firefox, Safari,
Edge, and Internet Explorer. This allows testers to ensure that web applications work consistently
9across different browsers.

 Parallel Test Execution: With Selenium Grid, you can run multiple tests in parallel across
different environments and browsers. This significantly speeds up the testing process.

 Support for Mobile Testing: Selenium can be used for mobile web testing on both iOS and
Android browsers when integrated with tools like Appium.

 Flexibility in Frameworks: Selenium can be combined with various frameworks, such as

TestNG, JUnit, and NUnit, for structuring test cases, reporting, and managing test suites.

Limitations of Selenium

 Lack of Dedicated Technical Support: As an open-source tool, Selenium does not offer
dedicated technical support. Users rely primarily on community forums, online documentation,
and third-party resources for troubleshooting and assistance.
 Web Application Only: Selenium is specifically designed for testing web applications and does
not natively support desktop or mobile applications. For mobile testing, additional tools such as
Appium are required.
 Limited Image-Based Testing: Selenium’s capabilities for image-based testing are minimal.
While it can capture screenshots, it lacks built-in functionality for automatic image comparison.
As a result, testers often need to employ additional tools or perform manual comparisons, which
can be both error-prone and time-consuming.
 Absence of Built-In Reporting: Selenium does not come with an integrated reporting feature,
requiring users to rely on manual reporting or integrate third-party reporting tools. This can lead
to extra configuration efforts and customization needs to achieve comprehensive reporting.
Selenium Suite Tools

i. Selenium IDE :
Selenium IDE Selenium IDE is an integrated development environment available as a
browser extension for Chrome and Firefox. Originally developed by Shinya Kasatani in
2006, it enables users to record and playback interactions with the browser, providing a
straightforward, code-free approach to test case creation. This makes Selenium IDE
particularly well-suited for beginners or those seeking to quickly prototype automated
tests.
While the tool’s intuitive interface and recording capabilities simplify test script creation,
it is mainly intended for prototyping rather than handling complex test cases. Test scripts
generated through Selenium IDE can be exported and reused, allowing for basic
automation with minimal setup. However, it is less suitable for large-scale or intricate
test scenarios.
 Advancements –
 Re-usability of test scripts
 Debugging the scripts
 Selenium side runner
 Provision for control flow statements
 Improved locator
functionality Limitations –

 Cannot export to WebDriver scripts yet

 Does not support data-driven testing yet
 Cannot perform database testing
 Cannot provide detailed test report\

ii. Selenium RC:

Selenium RC (Remote Control) Selenium RC (Remote Control) is an older tool within
the Selenium suite that allowed users to write automated UI tests for web applications in
various programming languages, including Java, C#, PHP, Perl, and Python. Developed
by Paul Hammant, Selenium RC operates through a server written in Java, which enables
communication between the test scripts and the browser.
To interact with the browser, Selenium RC requires the server to be running, which then
processes commands from the user’s program and executes them as Selenium Core
JavaScript commands in the browser. While Selenium RC played a crucial role in the
evolution of web automation, its complexity and limitations have led to its replacement
by Selenium WebDriver, which offers a more streamlined approach for web testing.

Shortcomings –
 RC consists of an additional server that acts as a middle man.
 This additional setup complicates the architecture.
 The time taken for execution of commands is longer.
 API’s supported by Selenium RC are redundant and confusing.
iii. Selenium WebDriver :
Selenium WebDriver Selenium WebDriver is the most widely utilized tool within the
Selenium suite, offering a robust and flexible solution for browser automation.
Developed by Simon Stewart in 2006, WebDriver enables direct communication with
the browser, eliminating the need for an intermediary server. This direct interaction
enhances both the performance and reliability of test executions.
WebDriver is a cross-platform testing framework that supports multiple programming
languages, including Java, C#, and Python, providing versatility for testers across
various environments. It enables precise control over web elements, allowing testers to
simulate user actions and interactions on web pages without relying on a core engine like
Selenium RC. Selenium WebDriver’s programming interface makes it well-suited for
creating and running complex test cases, accommodating a wide range of testing needs.

Limitations –
 Cannot test mobile applications. Requires framework like Appium.
 Cam only perform sequential testing hence requires Grid for parallel testing.
 Limited reporting. Third party like TestNG are required.
 Limited image testing.

iv. Selenium Grid:

Selenium Grid Selenium Grid enables parallel testing by allowing tests to run
simultaneously on multiple machines and browsers. Developed by Patrick Lightbody, it
significantly accelerates the testing process and is particularly advantageous for large-
scale testing scenarios that require compatibility checks across various platforms.
The primary objective of Selenium Grid is to reduce test execution time by distributing
test commands across different environments concurrently. It supports parallel test
execution on diverse configurations, including multiple operating systems and browser
versions, ensuring thorough testing coverage. Selenium Grid is highly flexible and
seamlessly integrates with other Selenium suite components, facilitating concurrent
execution for complex and distributed testing needs.
Limitations–
 Limited scalability: Cannot scale up or down on demand
 Static: Since the nodes are preconfigured, making changes is a challenge.
 Not cloud-native: Grid cannot use the distributed storage, automatic fail-
over facilities.
Difference between RC, IDE, WebDriver
COURSE COMPLETION CERTIFICATE