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IoT-Based Wireless Battery Surveillance and Management System

Conference Paper in Journal of Electronics and Informatics · May 2024

DOI: 10.36548/jei.2024.2.004

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Journal of Electronics and Informatics (ISSN: 2582-3825)
www.irojournals.com/iroei/

IoT-Based Wireless Battery Surveillance

and Management System
Dr.S. Karthikeyen1, C.Kousi Priya2, M.Varshini3, P.Swathi4,
S.Sudharsan5
1
Professor, ECE, KGiSL Institute of Technology, Anna University, Coimbatore, India
2,3,4,5
ECE, KGiSL Institute of Technology, Anna University, Coimbatore, India

E-mail: [email protected],[email protected],[email protected],
[email protected], [email protected]

Abstract

This research offers an Internet-of-Things (IoT) based battery surveillance machine for
electric powered motors (EVs). The machine, is built using ESP32 microcontroller and Blynk
IoT Cloud, to monitor the battery health in real-time. . The is equipped with sensors, to collects
important facts along with voltage and charging styles. In case of faults, alerts are sent for
prompt action. The ESP32 wirelessly transmits facts to the Blynk IoT Cloud platform, enabling
the system to track and manage. Through a consumer-friendly interface, key parameters are
visualized, facilitating proactive battery control. Additionally, the device offers Wi-Fi charging
abilities through inductive coils, enhancing comfort. This included the capability to optimize
EV battery overall performance and strengthen electric automobile technology.

Keywords: IoT, EV, Wireless Charging, Battery Surveillance.

Introduction

The integration of Internet-of-Things (IoT) era with electric powered car (EV) battery
tracking addresses a vital challenge within the car enterprise: the gradual degradation of battery
overall performance through the years and electric cars closely depend upon battery strength,
making any decline in strength deliver a significant issue impacting vehicle overall

Journal of Electronics and Informatics, June 2024, Volume 6, Issue 2, Pages 117-130 117
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36548/jei.2024.2.004
Received: 13.04.2024, received in revised form: 04.05.2024, accepted: 18.05.2024, published: 29.05.2024
© 2024 Inventive Research Organization. This is an open access article under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial International (CC BY-NC 4.0) License
S. Karthikeyen, C.Kousi Priya, M.Varshini, P.Swathi, S.Sudharsan

performance and leads to degradation. To deal with this challenge, we propose a singular IoT-
primarily based battery surveillance gadget designed to evaluate and monitor the performance
of electric car batteries in reall-time.

Our proposed system incorporates two key additives: a monitoring device and a user
interface. The wireless battery surveillance system makes use of superior technology along
with the ESP32 microcontroller and Blynk IoT Cloud to offer green and reall-time tracking of
battery fitness. With the sensors, the machine gathers data along with voltage, percent,
charging, and discharging, making sure complete insight into the battery's universal overall
performance. In the event of a fault detection, the machine at once sends indicators to the client,
notifying them of capability problems and allowing timely intervention.The ESP32
microcontroller serves as the exchange hub, wirelessly transmitting records to the Blynk IoT
Cloud platform. The Blynk IoT Cloud allows seamless far off tracking and control, allowing
customers to get admission to the battery fame from anywhere with a web connection. Through
a consumer-pleasant interface, the Cloud platform visualizes the records, showing key
parameters and producing signals for extraordinary conditions. Additionally, our machine
gives wireless charging station competencies through inductive coils, further improving
convenience and usefulness for user. Inductive charging, is increasingly used in number of
electric powered and hybrid cars, that operates at the precept of electromagnetic induction.
Within a Wi-Fi charging gadget, a charging pad is geared up with a coil of cord that generates
an electromagnetic wave when an electric power passes through it. Simultaneously, the car is
positioned with a corresponding receiver coil, usually positioned below it. When the
automobile is placed over the charging pad, the receiver coil aligns with the electromagnetic
waves produced by means of the pad. This alignment enables the transfer of energy between
the 2 coils. As the electromagnetic region interacts with the receiver coil, it induces an
alternating current(AC) inside it. Efficient alignment between the charging pad and receiver
coil is essential for the most efficient charging performance. Safety issues and compliance with
standards remain paramount in the development and application of inductive charging
technologies for automotive systems

Wi-Fi battery monitoring tools are designed for packages ranging from renewable
energy storage to portable electronic devices, ensuring their active control optimizes battery
life and overall performance by combining ESP32 and Blynk IoT Cloud.

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 IoT-Based Wireless Battery Surveillance and Management System

The system provides a reliable and scalable solution for battery status monitoring.
Through experimental verification, our results demonstrate the efficiency of the device to
efficiently detect defective batteries in all operations, thus contributing to the development of
electric vehicle generation.

Literature Review

Recent wireless battery surveillence have garnered significant attention in recent years
due to their potential to revolutionize manufacturing, prototyping, and various other industries.
A comprehensive review of existing literature reveals a plethora of studies focusing on the
design, functionality, and applications of the project.

This research holds significant promise for the advancement of electric vehicle
technology, as effective battery management is crucial for enhancing EV performance, range,
and longevity. By employing IoT solutions, the proposed BMS (battery management system)
offers a more proactive and data-driven approach to battery management, which could lead to
improved overall efficiency and sustainability in the electric vehicle industry[1].

This approach not only enhances the reliability and safety of electric vehicles but also
contributes to the development of smarter and more interconnected transportation systems. As
the demand for electric vehicles continues to grow, innovations like this IoT-based BMS play
a crucial role in addressing the challenges associated with battery performance and
management in the electrified transportation sector[2].

The review delves into the various aspects of wireless charging technology, exploring
its potential applications, technical specifications, and advancements in the field. Wireless
charging stations offer the convenience of charging EVs without the need for physical cables,
paving the way for seamless integration into urban environments and enabling effortless
charging experiences for EV owners.The review covers key topics such as the underlying
principles of wireless charging, including inductive and resonant charging techniques, as well
as the efficiency and safety considerations associated with wireless charging systems. [3].

The review delves into the various wireless charging technologies, such as inductive
and resonant charging, highlighting their respective advantages and limitations. Additionally,
it addresses key considerations such as charging efficiency, interoperability, and
Journal of Electronics and Informatics, June 2024, Volume 6, Issue 2 119
S. Karthikeyen, C.Kousi Priya, M.Varshini, P.Swathi, S.Sudharsan

standardization efforts aimed at ensuring compatibility across different wireless charging

systems. By synthesizing insights from existing research and developments, The author's
review serves as a valuable resource for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers seeking
to understand the current landscape and future prospects of wireless charging technology for
electric vehicles. [4].

The study explores various aspects of wireless charging station design, including power
transfer efficiency, alignment optimization, and compatibility with different EV models.
Additionally, it investigates implementation challenges such as cost considerations, regulatory
compliance, and the integration of wireless charging infrastructure into existing urban
environments. By identifying and analyzing these challenges, contributing to the ongoing
dialogue surrounding the development and adoption of wireless charging technology for
electric vehicles. [5].

The research addresses the growing demand for effective battery management
solutions in the electric vehicle industry, where maximizing battery efficiency and lifespan is
crucial for widespread adoption. Through the implementation of IoT-based wireless
technology, aim to revolutionize battery management practices, enabling remote monitoring
and diagnostics for proactive maintenance and timely interventions. This approach not only
improves the reliability and safety of electric vehicles but also contributes to the development
of smarter and interconnected transportation systems.[6].

The research addresses the growing demand for innovative battery management
solutions in the electric vehicle industry, where effective management of battery health and
performance is critical for optimizing vehicle range and longevity. The authors in [7]focuses
on designing a system that not only ensures accurate monitoring of battery parameters but also
enables efficient data transmission and analysis. By utilizing wireless communication
protocols, the wireless BMS facilitates real-time monitoring of battery status, enabling
proactive maintenance and timely interventions to prevent potential issues or failures..

The research addresses the growing demand for smart charging solutions in the electric
vehicle industry, where seamless integration of charging infrastructure with IoT technology is
crucial for optimizing charging efficiency and user experience. The authors focus on designing
a system that not only wirelessly charges EVs but also enables remote monitoring and control

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 IoT-Based Wireless Battery Surveillance and Management System

through IoT-enabled sensors and communication modules. This approach not only simplifies
the charging process for EV owners but also facilitates intelligent management of charging
stations, leading to improved operational efficiency and sustainability.[8]

The authors likely explore how IoT sensors and connectivity can enhance the
functionality and efficiency of wireless charging stations. They may delve into how IoT enables
real-time monitoring of charging status, energy consumption, and remote management of
charging infrastructure, contributing to a more seamless and convenient user experience for
EV owners.[9]

The authors likely discuss the significance of wireless charging in the context of EV
infrastructure, highlighting its potential to simplify the charging process and improve user
experience. They might delve into the technical aspects of the system, such as the underlying
charging mechanism, communication protocols used for IoT integration, and the feasibility of
deployment in real-world scenarios. Overall, the paper likely contributes to the growing body
of research aimed at advancing sustainable transportation solutions through innovative
technologies like wireless charging and IoT.[10]

The authors likely discusses how IoT enables wireless communication between the
battery cells and the central control unit, allowing real-time monitoring of individual cell
health, temperature, and voltage. This wireless approach improves efficiency and reduces
maintenance costs compared to traditional wired systems. Moreover, they might explore how
IoT connectivity facilitates remote diagnostics, firmware updates, and predictive maintenance,
enhancing the overall reliability and longevity of EV batteries. This research contributes to the
advancement of EV technology, addressing key challenges in battery management through
innovative IoT integration.[11]

Wireless charging eliminates the need for physical cables, providing a more convenient
and user-friendly solution for EV owners. The authors likely detail aspects such as power
transfer efficiency, safety protocols, and the integration of this system with existing EV
infrastructure.[12]

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S. Karthikeyen, C.Kousi Priya, M.Varshini, P.Swathi, S.Sudharsan

The paper addresses the growing need for efficient battery monitoring and management
in the EV industry. By leveraging IoT, the proposed system enables real-time monitoring of
battery health, performance, and charging status wirelessly. This enhances the overall
efficiency and reliability of EV battery management, contributing to the advancement of
sustainable transportation solutions.[13].

The smart battery management system described in the paper offers a range of advanced
features, including predictive maintenance based on data analytics, remote monitoring and
control via IoT-enabled devices, and adaptive charging algorithms to maximize battery
longevity. By harnessing the power of IoT, the authors demonstrate how EV manufacturers
and users can benefit from improved safety, reduced operational costs, and enhanced user
experience. The paper highlights the potential of IoT-driven solutions in revolutionizing the
automotive industry, particularly in the context of electric mobility [14].

The authors, Roy, Koustav, and their collaborators, propose a system that integrates
IoT sensors with advanced communication systems to gather data on various parameters such
as battery temperature, voltage, and current. This data is then analyzed to assess the health and
status of the batteries, enabling proactive maintenance and management strategies. By
employing IoT, the system enables remote monitoring and control, allowing for timely
interventions to prevent battery degradation and maximize vehicle range and lifespan. [15].

Proposed System

The project aims to explore recent developments in electric vehicle (EV) battery
management and wireless transmission technologies. It aims to evaluate the integration of
Internet of Things (IoT) technologies in battery monitoring systems and consider the
development of wireless charging solutions, especially inductive charging systems Through
advanced research the project increases battery performance , extends battery life of user. It
also seeks to identify opportunities to improve the experience and ultimately the project aims
to contribute to the development of EV technology and promote sustainable.

The methodology is said to be described as that, Firstly the system is configured,

including all necessary hardware components. The ESP32 microcontroller acts as a central
component, along with sensors to monitor battery parameters and inductive charging coils.

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 IoT-Based Wireless Battery Surveillance and Management System

Hardware configuration follows, where the ESP32 microcontroller is configured and connected
to selected sensors, including voltage, current,and temperature sensors. The system also
integrates inductive charging coils. Then, software development begins, focusing on data
collection, transmission, and processing. The ESP32 microcontroller is planned to collect
sensor data and transmit it wirelessly to the Blynk IoT Cloud platform. User interfaces have
been developed for remote monitoring and control.

The accuracy of the sensor measurement, the performance of the wireless data
transmission, and the efficiency of the charging system are checked in different conditions.
Optimization and fine-tuning are then performed to increase system performance and
performance. Implementation of the system for real-world applications follows, with seamless
integration into user interfaces such as mobile applications or web-based platforms. Users have
access to intuitive interfaces to check battery status, receive alerts and manage charge remotely.

Data management and cloud integration have been used to store and manage sensor
readings, data creation and user interactions. Cloud platforms facilitate centralized data storage,
analysis and access. Emergency and reports are combined to identify unusual events or
emergencies, such as battery faults or battery-related problems. Automated notifications are
sent to users or emergency personnel for timely intervention.

Figure 1. Proposed System Architecture

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S. Karthikeyen, C.Kousi Priya, M.Varshini, P.Swathi, S.Sudharsan

Following this approach, IoT-based battery monitoring systems and wireless charging
technology can be optimized, tested and deployed to address the challenges of electric vehicle
battery management and charging as described above.

These are the hardware components are needed given below.

Table 1. Hardware Components

S.No Components Units

1 Arduino UNO 1
2 IR SENSOR 2
3 Lithium Ion Battery 1
4 LCD 1
5 RELAY 2
6 Inductive coil 1
7 TP4056 Module 1
8 Charging module 1

9 ESP8266 1
10 LED 1
11 Resistors 2
12 Connecting wires few

Results and Discussion

Experimentation and implementation of the proposed battery monitoring and wireless

charging system begins with thorough planning and component selection. The battery
monitoring and wireless charging system integrates two critical functionalities: battery
monitoring utilizing the TP4056 charging module and a wireless charging station comprising
various hardware components. The TP4056 module serves as the cornerstone for monitoring
the battery's charge health and state, capturing essential metrics such as voltage, current, and
charging status. This data offers valuable insights into the battery's performance and overall
health. This chapter deals with the results and discussion of the proposed portable 3D printer

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 IoT-Based Wireless Battery Surveillance and Management System

with adjustable platform for versatile application... The setup for the proposed system is shown
in Figure given below.

Figure 2. Hardware Setup with ESP8266

Figure 3. Hardware Setup with Arduino UNO

Conversely, the wireless charging station encompasses a range of hardware elements,

including a voltage regulator, Arduino Nano microcontroller, IR sensor, LCD display, and
inductive coil. Each component plays a crucial role in facilitating efficient wireless charging
and providing a seamless user experience which makes it easier for user.The voltage regulator
ensures a stable power supply, while the Arduino Nano manages the charging process,
orchestrating the flow of current to the inductive coil through it.

The IR sensor serves as a detection mechanism, identifying the presence of a battery

placed on the charging pad and initiating the charging process accordingly. The LCD display
offers visual feedback, indicating available charging slots and the charging status of connected
devices, enhancing user convenience and control over the charging process.

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S. Karthikeyen, C.Kousi Priya, M.Varshini, P.Swathi, S.Sudharsan

Data gathered from both the battery monitoring module and the wireless charging
station are aggregated and processed by an ESP32 microcontroller. This centralized processing
unit ensures efficient data management and facilitates seamless communication between the
various system components. The processed data is then transmitted to the Blynk IoT Cloud for
storage and visualization purposes. In the event of any anomalies or faults detected during
operation, the system triggers notifications to users via the Cloud platform, ensuring prompt
intervention and maintenance.bDuring the experimentation phase, the system undergoes
comprehensive testing to validate its functionality, reliability, and user-friendliness. User
feedback is solicited and incorporated into iterative improvements, driving enhancements in
performance and usability. Upon successful testing, the system is deemed ready for real-world
deployment, where it continuously monitors battery health and provides reliable wireless
charging services Routine maintenance procedures are established to uphold the system's
operational integrity and ensure ongoing performance optimization. By aligning with the
project's objectives of effective battery management and user convenience, the system strives
to deliver a seamless and reliable charging experience for users.

The sensors along with the microcontroller are all integrated with the IoT-based
system's circuit design along with it.The output of battery voltage will be displayed from the
module and this output is shown in the Blynk IoT Cloud.Here the voltage from the battery
along with the state of charging will be displayed so that the user will know their status in the
Cloud. The output of battery percentage will be displayed from the module and this output is
shown in the Blynk IoT Cloud.Here the percentage from the battery along with the state of
discharging will be displayed so that the user will know their status in the Cloud.And it shown
below of them. The system's sensor data collection and analysis reliability is highly important.
It must give reliable and exact readings to accurately monitor. The system's accuracy and
dependability must be protected throughout time. sensors, and the main of the operation should
be able to communicate reliably no matter the weather or other external factors.

The reliability of sensor data collection and analysis is paramount in the wireless battery
monitoring system. Accurate and precise readings are essential for effectively monitoring
battery health and performance over time. The system must ensure consistent communication
between sensors and the central processing unit, irrespective of external factors or
environmental conditions.

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 IoT-Based Wireless Battery Surveillance and Management System

Figure 4. Circuit Diagram

Timely alerts and notifications are critical components of the system's functionality,
enabling users to respond promptly to any abnormalities detected in the battery's behavior.
Rapid detection of faults or deteriorating performance can prevent potential hazards and ensure
optimal battery functionality. The system's capacity to support multiple sensors and wearables
simultaneously is essential for scalability and accommodating varying user needs. Overall, the
wireless battery monitoring system aims to deliver enhanced safety, remote accessibility, and
real-time monitoring capabilities through continuous data collection, accurate analysis, and
seamless integration with Cloud-based platforms. By addressing the limitations of
conventional battery monitoring systems, such as limited real-time monitoring and
communication capabilities, the proposed system offers a comprehensive solution for proactive
battery management and optimization.

The output displayed in the cloud app is displayed below

Figure 5. Data in the Cloud

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S. Karthikeyen, C.Kousi Priya, M.Varshini, P.Swathi, S.Sudharsan

Conclusion

The proposed IoT-based wireless battery monitoring system offers a solution for
managing battery health and performance. Through the integration of components including
the ESP32 microcontroller, TP4056 charging module, voltage regulator, Arduino Nano, and
inductive coil, the system facilitates real-time monitoring and fault detection. With features
such as remote monitoring via the Blynk IoT Cloud platform and wireless charging capability,
user convenience is significantly enhanced while ensuring optimal battery lifespan. This
system represents a substantial advancement in battery management technology, promising
heightened reliability and performance across a spectrum of applications. Its implementation
with efficient battery monitoring and underscores its potential to revolutionize various
applications.

Reference

[1] Roy, Koustav, et al. "Design and implementation of an IoT-based battery management
system for electric vehicles." 2020 12th International Conference on Communication
Systems & Networks (COMSNETS). IEEE, 2020.

[2] Tchamgoue, Adolphe Feudjio, et al. "IoT-based battery management system for electric
vehicles." 2021 IEEE 19th International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN).
IEEE, 2021.

[3] Khan, Raza, et al. "Wireless charging station for electric vehicles: A review." 2019
International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management
(IEEM). IEEE, 2019.

[4] Kumar, Abhishek, and Deepak Verma. "Wireless charging station for electric vehicles:
A comprehensive review." 2020 11th International Conference on Computing,
Communication and Networking Technologies (ICCCNT). IEEE, 2020.

[5] Prasad, B., et al. "Wireless charging station for electric vehicles: Design and
implementation challenges." 2017 IEEE International Conference on Electrical,
Electronics, Communication, Computer, and Optimization Techniques (ICEECCOT).
IEEE, 2017.

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[6] Zheng, C., et al. "Wireless Battery Management System for Electric Vehicles based on
the Internet of Things." 2020 5th Asia Conference on Power and Electrical Engineering
(ACPEE). IEEE, 2020..

[7] Kumar, A., et al. "Design and Development of Wireless Battery Management System
for Electric Vehicles." 2019 International Conference on Power Electronics, Control
and Automation (PECA). IEEE, 2019.

[8] Wang, Y., et al. "Wireless Charging Station for Electric Vehicles with IoT Enabled
Monitoring System." 2017 IEEE 9th International Conference on Communication
Software and Networks (ICCSN). IEEE, 2017.

[9] Sharma, S., et al. "Development of Wireless Charging Station for Electric Vehicles with
IoT." 2018 International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communications and
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[10] Singh, P., et al. "Wireless Battery Management System for Electric Vehicles: Design
and Implementation." 2020 International Conference on Sustainable Energy and Future
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[11] Li, X., et al. "Wireless Battery Management System for Electric Vehicles based on
IoT." 2019 6th International Conference on Advanced Robotics and Mechatronics
(ICARM). IEEE, 2019.

[12] Rahman, M., et al. "Design and Implementation of a Wireless Charging Station for
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[13] Lee, J., et al. "Wireless Battery Management System for Electric Vehicle using IoT."
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[14] Kiani, Gohar Ali, et al. "Smart battery management system for electric vehicles using
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 S. Karthikeyen, C.Kousi Priya, M.Varshini, P.Swathi, S.Sudharsan

[15] Roy, Koustav, et al. "Design and implementation of an IoT-based battery management
system for electric vehicles." 2020 12th International Conference on Communication
Systems & Networks (COMSNETS). IEEE, 2020.

Author's biography

Dr.S.Karthikeyan, Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering,

KGiSL Institute of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India

P.Swathi, Student, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, KGiSL

Institute of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India

C.Kousi Priya, Student, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, KGiSL

Institute of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India

M.Varshini, Student, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, KGiSL

Institute of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India

S.Sudharsan, Student, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, KGiSL

Institute of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India

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