INFLUENCE OF GRAMMATICAL ABILITY TO WRITE USING

FILIPINO LANGUAGE

PSYCHOLOGY AND EDUCATION: A MULTIDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL

Volume: 36
Issue 4
Pages: 475-483
Document ID: 2025PEMJ3476
DOI: 10.70838/pemj.360410
Manuscript Accepted: 03-15-2025
 Psych Educ, 2025, 36(4): 475-483, Document ID:2025PEMJ3476, doi:10.70838/pemj.360410, ISSN 2822-4353
Research Article

Influence of Grammatical Ability to Write Using Filipino Language

Erica Lyn B. Andalahao,* Desserie Mae E. Garan, Jerico A. Fabrigaras, Rhenalyn C. Regala, Jollie Ann L. Reyes,
Ruby Ann Villasis, Dave Simon L. Pascua, Lenon C. Bernal, John Carl Froi S. Carpo,
Shelbert Lloyd S. Duncil, Jhoselle Tus
For affiliations and correspondence, see the last page.
Abstract
This study explores the influence of grammatical ability on students' writing proficiency in the Filipino language.
Writing is a crucial skill that every student must develop, as it is a culmination of listening, speaking, and reading.
Mastery of language rules is essential for accurate written communication, not only in academic settings but also in
various professional and personal contexts. This research specifically examines how students' grammatical
competence impacts their writing skills in Filipino. The study employed a descriptive-causal research design to
analyze the relationship between grammatical ability and writing proficiency. Using convenience sampling, the study
gathered data from 226 Grade 7 students from a private school. A regression analysis was conducted to determine the
statistical significance of grammatical ability in influencing students' writing performance. Findings from the study
indicate that grammatical ability plays a significant role in students’ writing skills. The regression analysis yielded a
p-value of 0.00, which is lower than the 0.05 level of significance. This result confirms that students' grammatical
proficiency has a direct and meaningful impact on their writing performance in Filipino. The study highlights the need
for targeted grammar instruction to enhance students’ writing abilities. These findings emphasize the importance of
strengthening grammar instruction through innovative teaching strategies and relevant literary resources. Future
research is recommended to explore other factors affecting writing proficiency in Filipino to develop more
comprehensive language-learning interventions.
Keywords: grammar ability, writing, Filipino language

Introduction
Language is the most important instrument of human communication. Everyone can express their feelings, thoughts, and attitudes.
Language connects every person to everyday life, it is used to understand every person in a society.
In the study of language, this is a first or second language, one of the main roles of teachers is to draw students' thinking and feelings
to use it. Each language has the rules that follow, one of which is called grammar. According to Ibay (2021), every student must know
the language rules in order to fully express the language, oral or written. Every goal and desire of the person in life depends on the
efficiency and skill of speech.
A good person and a good person to speak is well-versed in the proper use of grammar. In the definition of Misa (2021), in his study
when it comes to linguistics grammar is a set of structural terms consisting of various structures such as phrases, clauses, sentence
formation, formation of words, and words even the use of the correct word. Therefore, it is said that grammar makes each statement
accurate. It is necessary to develop each student's grammatical ability towards prosperous communication.
Speech skills are a man's ability and skill to express his idea through the language he or she understands (Varona & Mandado 2022).
It is important that we not only have the ability to pronounce and communicate, we should also write in the Filipino language.
In our research, we have gathered studies with a variety of results. From the study of Misa (2021), it appeared that the respondents
received a "beginning" in choosing the right word, sentence structure, and logical mechanics. It turns out that students can write an
essay, especially in the use of mechanics and logical writing organizations.
Similar to Marbella's (2020) study, it turns out that students are weak when it comes to the use of the Filipino language. In part of the
content, students have a high level of ability to use the pronoun. However, by using the verb in the sentence the students still need a
deep understanding of which they have a moderate level of ability. In part of the world, students have a high level of ability to use the
term, while still requiring excellence in understanding part of the preposition (Cabingan et al., 2021).
These studies contradict Delos Reyes (2021), who revealed in his study that writing the students' essays has a positive result and when
it comes to the level of knowledge of the knowledge of Linguistic assessment skills related to the structure of the word, the formation
of the sentence and the interpretation of the word, the result is a total interpretation of satisfactory.
Also in the study of Carada et al. (2021), students have proven that students have the skill and excellence in writing essays based on
the content, unity, writing mechanism, proper word use, proper use of punctuation, and word spelling. Based on the results or outcomes
of the study we researchers have come to a study to fully determine if students' grammatical ability influences writing in Filipino. Each
student can write but not all of them are capable of grammatical in the Filipino language field. The Filipino language has become the
medium of communication, as it is the easiest way for every person to understand. Using the Filipino language properly and properly

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Research Article

can obtain and share knowledge, goals, and feelings. Thus this study aims to determine the grammatical grade of grades in grade 7.
This study was conducted to determine the significant influence of students' grades' grades' grammar ability when it came to writing in
Filipino. This study contributes significantly to students as it develops their ability to produce different writing. Each student will
appreciate the knowledge and skills of proper grammar use. Teachers also include the province because in this way they will know
which aspect they will focus on developing the grammatical ability of students when it comes to writing in Filipino.
Each teacher can also think of a new teaching strategy where students' grammatical ability to write in writing is developed and
developed.
Research Questions
The main problem of this study is to determine the grammatical ability to write using the Filipino language of the students. It also
aimed to answer the following:
1. How may the grammatical ability of students in Filipino be described:
1.1. lexical morphemes; and
1.2. Morpery Morpia?
2. How may the writing skills of the students' Filipino language be described?
3. Is there a significant influence of grammatical ability on writing in Filipino?
Methodology
Research Design
The research conducted used quantitative research. The researcher used a questionnaire to gather data. The researcher believes that this
is appropriate to determine the influence of grammatical ability on writing using the Filipino language of the students.
This research used a descriptive causal research method to determine and describe the influence of grammatical ability in the Filipino
language on students. According to Dovetail (2023), Causal research is sometimes called an explanatory or analytical study. It delves
into the fundamental cause-and-effect connections between two or more variables researchers typically observe how changes in one
variable affect another related variable. This refers to the cause and effects of two different variants.
Respondents
To get information the researchers used convenient sampling on the topic influence of writing grammatical ability in the Filipino
language. According to the article Strategies, Processes and Techniques Utilized in the Collection of Data (2024), convenience
sampling is a type of non-problem sampling method where participants are selected based on their availability and willingness to
participate. Convenience sampling is one of the easiest and easiest methods to accelerate data collection as this sampling is based on
the preference and readiness of each study respondent.
Each member was up to the respondents. As a choice of choice, the respondents were required to be first, a student in Grade 7, secondly
written using the Filipino language and third know grammar. Two hundred twenty-six (226) students can represent the whole study.
Instrument
This research used two methods, first the questionnaire checklist with a 4-point Likert Scale, second the test questionnaire. Stage 7
students were selected respondents to determine the influence of grammatical ability in Filipino. The questionnaire is divided into two
parts first is the checklist that includes a free variety of virtues which is about students' ability to write in Filipino. In answering the
questionnaire, it was used by the researcher of 4-point Likert Scale, with a 4-lubos na sumasang- ayon 3- sumasang-ayon 2- di
sumasang-ayon 1- lubos na di sumasang-ayon. The second part is the test or questionnaire that estimates students' grammatical ability
based on lexical and lexical morphemes. It is made up of questions that refer to the grammatical ability in writing in Filipino. In
answering the respondents had the choice of letters (A-D) and only needed to circle the correct answer. Each question of researchers'
items is derived from Internet information and reading.
Procedure
Researchers took steps to gather data that helped answer learning questions. Researchers used Slovin’s formula to obtain the sample
size derived from the total number of students in Grade 7. Researchers provided a consent letter to extract private data.
The researchers conducted a quick orientation to ensure the proper collection of data before asking each Grade 7 student. Using a laptop
and cellphone, the researcher gathered and entered data based on each student's answers. Each respondent logged into their account
and repeatedly read the content. Each respondent was interviewed to ensure they answered each question according to their knowledge
of grammatical ability in writing in Filipino.
Data Analysis

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Research Article

The data gathered will be reviewed, to make the forecast easier here. The researcher will use a statistical method to address the research
problem. The weighted mean is to calculate the average value of data (Vendatu, 2023). The grand mean is the overall mean of all
observations (Minitab, 2024). Therefore it is a generalization in every domain.
Regression analysis is a set of statistical processes for estimating the relationship among variables (Hassan, 2023). Regression analysis
is a statistical process and is used when independent variables are related to independent variables, it will help to understand how every
variety is changing and unchanged. It will be used to assess the influence of each variable on one another.
Table 1. Grammar Ability to Writing using the Filipino Language
Weighted Mean Verbal Interpretation
4.51- 5.00 lubos na sumasang-ayon
3.51–4.50 sumasang-ayon
2.51– 3.50 di sumasang-ayon
1.51- 2.50 lubos na di sumasang-ayon
1.0 – 1.50 walang komento

It describes the grammatical ability in writing using the Filipino language of the students, it is given the verbal interpretation of the
researcher found in Table 1, as well as its weighted mean. In Table 2, researchers have given the verbal interpretation of the weighted
mean as a description of writing in Filipino. In Table 3, researchers have verified the interpretation of the student's ability to come to
Filipino grammar that is integrated with lexical and lexical morphemes.
Results and Discussion
This section discusses the analysis and interpretation of the data gathered from the respondents. The resulting data is a careful study by
the researcher in connection with the influence of grammatical ability on writing using the Filipino language. The data will be well
presented from the statistical analysis and placed on the table to present the results from the statistical analysis.
The outcome was given verbal interpretation to understand and see the influence of grammatical ability to write using the Filipino
language, the researcher also sought local and international studies to see similarities and differences in the outcome of the study. It
aims to support and strengthen the outcome of the study, it will also serve as a way to develop and determine which aspects will focus
on each student.
From Table 2. Description of grammatical ability using the Filipino language in the aspect of lexical morphemes. The data gathered
from the researchers 'questionnaire related to the description of students' grammatical ability using the Filipino language in the lexical
and landlords. It was also given the attached verbal interpretation found in the Legends under Table 2.
Table 2. Description of grammatical ability using the Filipino language in the lexical
morphemes aspect
Rating range f Bahagdan Verbal Interpretation
90-100 54 24 Natatangi
85-80 46 20 Lubhang kasiya-siya
80-84 51 23 Kasiya-siya
75-79 29 13 Medyo kasiya-kasiya
Mababa sa 75 46 20 Hindi nakamit ang inaasahan
Total 226 100
Legend: 90-100 Natatangi, 85-89 - Lubhang kasiya-siya; 80-84- Kasiya-siya; 75-79- Medyo kasiya-kasiya; Below 75- Hindi nakamit ang inaasahan

The statistical analysis of the data in Table 2 came out of the verbal interpretation of "unique". Out of the total number of respondents
two hundred and two-six (226), five-four (54) students scored ninety to one hundred (90-100) with twenty-four ( 24%) percent.
Meanwhile, it also came out of the number of two hundred and twenty-six (266) students, four and six (46) got less than seventy-five
(below 75) with a percentage of Two (20%) and verbal interpretations of "unexpected". It is only proof that there are more students
with knowledge and efficiency when it comes to proper lexical morphemes in their actual writing use. Cariaga's (2021) study, in turn,
confirmed that when it comes to the student's level of ability in the content aspect, it appears the mean of their study that adverbs and
adjectives have already achieved the student's efficiency in using (Cabingan et al., 2021). In part of the content, students have a high
level of ability to use the pronoun but by using the verb in the sentence Students still need deep understanding with a moderate level
of ability. Students 'grammatical levels of language are different because the level of difficulty of its use is also varying and therefore
the students' level of ability in the content part is increased.
To further develop students' grammatical knowledge, Sacay's study (2023) said that each teacher deserves to be intensely and coincide
with the development of modern teaching methods to further develop The grammatical/grammatical competition of students, also
according to Mass's (2022) study, that Filipino teacher is more capable Writing rules including proper spelling, capitalization,
derivative, and logical organizations that are unique to each thought within the paragraph of an article/essay.

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Research Article

Overall, students can prove their efficiency and adequate knowledge when it comes to lexical morphemes.
Table 3 Description of grammatical ability using the Filipino language in the aspect of the generous morpheme, will show students'
weaknesses in the proper use of the writing morpheme in writing. The total result from Table 3 was clarified and interpreted by the
researchers by providing an interpretation to be seen below the table. It is also relevant to relevant studies to further strengthen the
results or data gathered.
Table 3. Description of grammatical ability using the Filipino language in the aspect of the
general morpheme
Rating range f Bahagdan Verbal Interpretation
90-100 35 15 Natatangi
85-80 46 20 Lubhang kasiya-siya
80-84 43 19 Kasiya-siya
75-79 40 18 Medyo kasiya-kasiya
Mababa sa 75 62 27 Hindi nakamit ang inaasahan
Total 226 100
Legend: 90-100 Natatangi, 85-89 - Lubhang kasiya-siya; 80-84- Kasiya-siya; 75-79- Medyo kasiya-kasiya; Below 75- Hindi nakamit ang inaasahan

Emerged from the statistical analysis of the data in Table 3, out of a total of two hundred and twenty-six (226), Tonic and five (35)
students took ninety and one hundred (90- 100) with a percentage of fifteen (15%) and a verbal interpretation of “unique”, less than
students who earn less than seventy-five (below 75) with an equivalent six PU 'T two (62) with two seven (27%) and verbal
interpretations of "unexpected". In the total results of Table 3 when it comes to the fact that it comes out of its actual use, students are
weak and still have confusion on how to use it properly in writing. Aragon and Ballalo's study (2023) agreed with the result in Table
3. In their study, the student's education was said to be confused by its proper use of the lack of Knowledge of grammar. Writing is a
difficult or complex skill that requires time and training (Dunn, 2021). According to a statement by a respondent in their study. “It's
hard to write because of the proper use of the fittings we are confused about. Writing the correct sentence is confusing. Sometimes I
express the sentence based on my daily speech ”. Similar to the outcome of Cariaga's study (2021), when it comes to the structure it
comes out of their study part of the use of the panada, (identifier, preposition, and dedication) gained a mean (2.44 ) and with the verbal
interpretation of "moderate", they are slightly difficult to use, it also appears in part of the section and adjective with a mean (1.99) and
verbal interpretation of "low", purposes that students' ability to properly use the grammar has not yet developed so many students still
have confusion and difficulty in its proper use. Out of the results of the study Mass (2021), in part of the conclusion, said that students
should further develop the ability to write an article with a logical organization of each thought and even use appropriate terms including
the proper spelling, capitalization, justification and logical unity of each thought within the paragraph of an article/essay. This is one
of the most effective ways for students to become more aware of their knowledge when it comes to grammar.
In total, the level of students' skills when it comes to the general morpheme is vulnerable to its actual use of writing and it still requires
to improve it.
From the statistical analysis conducted, Table 4 shows the result of how to describe writing skills using students' Filipino language.
The outcome of the result is said to be positive because its grand mean has an equivalent of 3.01. This table also shows the verbal
interpretation that weighs better than the slightly well.
Table 4. Description of writing ability using Filipino language
Evaluative Statement X̅ Adverbial Rating Verbal Interpretation
1. Sinusunod ko ang mga alintuntuning pambalarila/gramatika sa pagsulat 3.23 Sumasang-ayon Mahusay
2. Sa pagsusulat gamit ang wikang Filipino, natutukoy ko nang wasto ang mga 2.96 Sumasang-ayon Mahusay
pandiwa sa pamamagitan ng pagbibigay ng halimbawa.
3. Nakapagsusulat ako ng mga pangungusap gamit ang iba’t ibang bahagi ng 3.22 Sumasang-ayon Mahusay
pananalita
4. Nakikilahok ako sa mga pagsasanay ukol sa wika o sa asignaturang Filipino. 3.09 Sumasang-ayon Mahusay
5.Sa tuwing sumusulat ako ng isang sanaysay, maingat ‘kong pinipili ang mga 2.26 Hindi Sumasang- BahagyangMahusay
salitang aking gagamitin” ayon
6. Tinutukoy ko ang salitang-ugat ng mga salita 2.65 Sumasang-ayon Mahusay
7. Nakabubuo ako ng isang malinaw at wastong pangungusap 3.22 Sumasang-ayon Mahusay
8. Natutukoy ko ang ayos at anyo ng pangungusap. 3.21 Sumasang-ayon Mahusay
9. Sumusulat ako ng mga sulatin nang tama ang baybay at ayos ng mga salita. 3.19 Sumasang-ayon Mahusay
10. Lumilikha ako ng mga salita at ginagamit ko ito sa pakikipagtalastasan 3.06 Sumasang-ayon Mahusay
Grand Mean 3.01 Sumasang- ayon Mahusay

It appears that the highest mean on this table has gained 3.23 from our checklist statement "I follow the grammatical/grammar principles
of writing in Filipino." It has a verbal interpretation of "great" which means that students have a high ability to adhere to the principles

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Research Article

of grammar every time they write. Boticario (2022), in turn, approved this. The level of knowledge shown by students in linguistic
skills in forecasting related to word structure, sentence formation, and vocabulary/word interpretation, the result has a total
interpretation of satisfactory. Knowing that students are capable of forming sentences as well as giving the right meaning to the words
they wrote therefore if the student has the skill and efficiency in the formation of words, the correct meaning to the word, Knowledge
of the structure of the word is well adhered to the grammatical principle. Although they follow the grammatical adjective, many students
also do not care about choosing words to use under the result of the lowest weighted mean (2.26) that only verbally “slightly efficient”
is verbal. According to Discaya and Marbella's (2021) study, one of the students faces a lack of grammatical knowledge, word spelling,
word use, lack of knowledge in the field selected field, lack of technical ideas, technical words, misconceptions about the subject, and
equipment deficiency available. This is one of the proofs that many students find it difficult to choose the right words to use every time
they write.
On the whole, the outcome when it comes to writing in Filipino. According to Saavedra, et. Al (2020) in Asmad et al. (2024), the
writing process is a way of writing that can help students in effective writing. Writing in writing is a way to be well-written in writing,
the study also agrees that they are disgruntled and Carada (2021), which arises in the results of their research has proven in the
preliminary exam that skilled students are already excellent in writing an essay based on content, unity, writing mechanism, proper
word use, proper punctuation, and word spelling.
Table 5 shows the statistical relationship between a significant description of the grammatical ability in writing using the Filipino
language of the students. The overall result from Table 5 was clarified and interpreted by the researcher by giving an interpretation that
could be found below the table so that it could be fully eased. It is also relevant to related learning to further strengthen the study.
Table 5. Influence of Writing Grammar Ability to Writing Using Students' Language
Standardized Adjusted p- Decision
Variables Conclusion
β/r r² value
IV: Kakayahang pambalarila Lubhang may makabuluhang epekto ang
DV: Pagsulat gamit ang wikang 0.96 0.92 0.00 Reject kakayahang pambalarila sa pagsulat gamit ang
Filipino HO wikang Filipino ng mga mag- aaral.

Regression analysis shows that the grammatical ability of students has a major relationship with their writing (standardized β / r =
0.96). This means that their grammatical ability is affected every time they write in the Filipino language. The (adjusted R = .92)
describes that their writing has affected their grammatical ability by nine -two percent (92%.). Therefore, students' grammatical ability
has a high influence on writing. Finally and the most important part of the review is the outcome of the p-value of the combined
variables. The p-value of 0.00, which is less than the .05 level of significance, further proves that this effect of grammatical ability has
a significant influence on the development of student grammatical capabilities. This study has proven that their grammatical ability has
a significant influence on students' writing efficiency. This is the basis for this study does not accept the null hypothesis. It is still
necessary to increase the grammatical ability of the students and each student should be aware of various rules and vocabulary
knowledge.
In the study of Aragon and Balallo (2023), it was revealed in their research that respondents agreed with the findings since the study
was conducted and it is known that the level of efficiency is low and needs to improve. In addition, according to qualitative
investigations, it was found that students face many challenges in Filipino writing in the Philippines including a lack of grammar
knowledge. Results, learning grammar for students is difficult because according to Napil and San Jose in Abueva and Cabasan's study
(2024), participants revealed that they had difficulty learning Filipino grammar because of the limited reading material Like books.
In addition, the participants mentioned that they were bored because teachers lacked teaching strategies that fit their learning styles.
The teacher is one of the ones who can help students to improve their writing skills in Filipino. Ibay's study agrees (2021). The teacher
has the responsibility that must be fulfilled and high grammatical/grammatical capabilities in order to develop each student with the
proper use of grammar. He added that students 'skills may also have to do with teachers' abilities. Overall, the study has proven that
grammar ability influences writing using the Filipino language.
Conclusions
Based on a thorough analysis of the data gathered, including statistical results and related studies on Grade 7 students, several key
conclusions have been drawn. The research indicates that students demonstrate a high level of proficiency in the proper use of lexical
morphemes in the Filipino language. However, despite this proficiency, some students continue to struggle with their correct application
in writing, leading to confusion and inconsistencies. In terms of overall writing skills, while many students exhibit strong grammatical
adherence—particularly in verbal aspects—some still face challenges in selecting appropriate words when composing written texts.
This highlights the importance of reinforcing grammatical knowledge and developing students' writing skills to enhance their
proficiency in Filipino. Furthermore, the study confirms that students' grammatical ability significantly influences their writing
competence in the Filipino language.
In light of these findings, several recommendations have been proposed. First, the researcher suggests developing an intervention plan

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Research Article

that incorporates integrated teaching methods for parts of speech, helping both teachers and students identify effective instructional
strategies. Additionally, the use of literature, such as literary works, is highly recommended as a valuable resource for learning grammar
in both lexical and structural aspects. Teachers are also encouraged to employ creative and innovative teaching approaches to make
grammar instruction more engaging and effective. Lastly, future researchers and language educators are advised to conduct further in-
depth studies on additional factors affecting students' writing skills in Filipino to gain a more comprehensive understanding of this area
and develop more targeted interventions.
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Affiliations and Corresponding Information
Erica Lyn B. Andalahao
Jesus Is Lord Colleges Foundation Inc. – Philippines
Desserie Mae E. Garan
Jesus Is Lord Colleges Foundation Inc. – Philippines
Jerico A. Fabrigaras
Jesus Is Lord Colleges Foundation Inc. – Philippines
Rhenalyn C. Regala
Jesus Is Lord Colleges Foundation Inc. – Philippines
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 Psych Educ, 2025, 36(4): 475-483, Document ID:2025PEMJ3476, doi:10.70838/pemj.360410, ISSN 2822-4353
Research Article

Jollie Ann L. Reyes

Jesus Is Lord Colleges Foundation Inc. – Philippines
Ruby Ann Villasis
Jesus Is Lord Colleges Foundation Inc. – Philippines
Dave Simon L. Pascua
Jesus Is Lord Colleges Foundation Inc. – Philippines
Lenon C. Bernal
Jesus Is Lord Colleges Foundation Inc. – Philippines
John Carl Froi S. Carpo
Jesus Is Lord Colleges Foundation Inc. – Philippines
Shelbert Lloyd S. Duncil
Jesus Is Lord Colleges Foundation Inc. – Philippines
Dr. Jhoselle Tus
Jesus Is Lord Colleges Foundation Inc. – Philippines

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