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The document is a worksheet for Math 203, focusing on matrix algebra and determinants. It includes various problems related to matrix operations, properties, and applications, such as computing expressions, finding specific matrices, and solving systems of equations. Additionally, it covers concepts like symmetric and skew-symmetric matrices, trace properties, and Cramer's rule.

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5 views3 pages

Questions

The document is a worksheet for Math 203, focusing on matrix algebra and determinants. It includes various problems related to matrix operations, properties, and applications, such as computing expressions, finding specific matrices, and solving systems of equations. Additionally, it covers concepts like symmetric and skew-symmetric matrices, trace properties, and Cramer's rule.

Uploaded by

7n52xmmvyy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Mathematics Department

Dr. Hasan Ibrahim


Dr. Mohamed Salman
Dr. Rami Younes
Spring 2022

Math 203
Worksheet 8

Matrix Algebra
1. Suppose that A, B, C, D, and E are matrices with the following sizes:
A B C D E
(4 ⇥ 5) (4 ⇥ 5) (5 ⇥ 2) (4 ⇥ 2) (5 ⇥ 4)
In each of the following cases determine whether the given matrix expression is defined.
For those defined, give the size of the resulting matrix.

(a) BA (c) AE + B (e) E(A + B) (g) E T A


(b) AC + D (d) AB + B (f) E(AC) (h) AT + E D

2. Consider the matrices


2 3 3 2 2 3
3 0   1 5 2 6 1 3
4 1 1 4 2
A = 4 1 25, B = , C= , D = 4 1 0 15 , E = 4 1 1 25
0 2 3 1 5
1 1 3 2 4 4 1 3
Compute each of the following expressions. You may wish to simplify some expressions
before computing them.

(a) 3(D + 2E) (d) AB (g) DT E T (ED)T


(b) (2D E)T (e) (CD)E (h) ( AC)T + 5DT
(c) (2E T + 3DT )T (f) C(BA) (i) (BAT 2C)T
 
2 1 1 2
3. Find A and B if 3A 2B = and 4A + B = .
1 1 4 3

4. A square matrix M is said to be skew symmetric if M T = M . For any squre matrix A:


(a) Show that A + AT is symmetric and A AT is skew symmetric.
(b) Show that A can be written as the sum of symmetric and skew symmetric matrices.
5. In each of the following cases, find a 4 ⇥ 4 matrix [aij ] that satisfies the stated condition.

1
(a) aij = i + j (c) aij = 0 if i > j
(b) aij = 0 if i 6= j (d) aij = 0 if |i j| < 1

6. (a) Find nonzero matrices A and B such that AB = 0.


(b) Find nonzero matrices A, B and C such that AC = BC and A 6= B.
(c) Under what condition would the matrix equation AC = BC necessarily imply that
A = B.
(d) Is (A + B)2 = A2 + 2AB + B 2 a valid identity for all square matrices of equal size?
If not, explain when it is necessarily true?
7. Let
" 1 1
#
2 2
A= 1 1
.
2 2

Compute A2 and A3 . What will An turn out to be?


8. Let
2 1 1 1 1
3
2 2 2 2
6 7
6 1 1 1 17
6 2 2 2 27
A=6 7.
6 1 1 1 17
4 2 2 2 25
1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2

Compute A2 and A3 . What will A2n and A2n+1 turn out to be?

9. Let A, B, and C be n ⇥ n matrices.


(a) Show that tr(ABC) = tr(BCA) = tr(CAB).
(b) Find tr(BAB 1 ), if tr(A) = 2 and B nonsingular.

10. Let A and S be two n ⇥ n matrices with S symmetric and A skew symmetric. Show that
tr(SA) = 0.
T
11. Show that if A is a nonsingular matrix then AT is also nonsingular and (AT ) 1
= (A 1 ) .

12. (a) Assuming that all matrices are n ⇥ n and invertible, simplify
1
(AB) 1 (AC 1
) (D 1 C 1
) D 1

(b) Assuming that all matrices are n ⇥ n and invertible, solve for D where
C T B 1 A2 C 1
DA 2 C 2
= In
2 3
1 0 2
13. Let A = 40 1 15. Calculate A3 A then deduce that A is invertible and determine
1 2 0
1
A .

2
Determinants
a b c
14. Given that d e f = 6 find
g h i

d e f 3a 3b 3c a+g b+h c+i


(a) g h i (b) d e f (c) 4g 4h 4i
a b c 4g 4h 4i 2d 2e 2f

15. Evaluate each of the following determinants.

a b c 0 4 1 5 4 7 0 0
(a) c a b 4 0 3 2 2 8 0 0
(b) (c)
b a c 1 3 0 1 0 0 1 5
5 2 1 0 0 0 2 2

1 x x2
16. Solve the following equation, 1 1 1 = 0.
1 3 9
17. Show that for all n ⇥ n matrix, det(kA) = k n det(A).

18. Show that if a square matrix A is nonsingular then det(A) 6= 0 and


1
det(A 1 ) = .
det(A)
8
>
<ax + by 3z = 3
19. How should the coefficients a, b and c be chosen: 2x by + cz = 1.
>
:
ax + 3y cz = 3
if the system were to have the solution x = 1, y = 1, and z = 2?

20. Use Cramer’s rule to solve the following systems


8 8 8 p
>
< x y + z = 0 >
< x y+z =0 >
< xy 2 y + 3yz = 8
p
(a) x + 3y + z = 5 (b) x + 3y + z = 5 (c) 2xy 3 y + 2yz = 7
>
: >
: >
: p
x+y+z =2 3x y z = 2 xy + y + 2yz = 4

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