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What Is The Esp32

The ESP32-S3 is a versatile microcontroller that can process code, sense inputs, and control outputs while connecting to Wi-Fi and Bluetooth. It features digital pins for simple ON/OFF operations and analog inputs for measuring variable values. The document provides examples of using the ESP32-S3 for controlling an LED, reading a button, and measuring light levels.

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Dorex David Ishaya
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9 views3 pages

What Is The Esp32

The ESP32-S3 is a versatile microcontroller that can process code, sense inputs, and control outputs while connecting to Wi-Fi and Bluetooth. It features digital pins for simple ON/OFF operations and analog inputs for measuring variable values. The document provides examples of using the ESP32-S3 for controlling an LED, reading a button, and measuring light levels.

Uploaded by

Dorex David Ishaya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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WHAT IS THE ESP32-S3?

Imagine it’s a tiny brain that can:

 Think (process code)


 See and sense things (through its input pins)
 Talk and control stuff (through its output pins)
 Connect to Wi-Fi and Bluetooth (like a phone!)

It’s made by a company called Espressif, and the S3 is a special version with extra
superpowers (like AI, camera, USB support, etc.).

WHAT ARE PINS?

 Think of pins like the hands and ears of the ESP32-S3.


 Output Pins = it uses them to control things (like turning on a light)
 Input Pins = it uses them to read or listen (like checking a button press)

DIGITAL VS ANALOG – WHAT'S THE DIFFERENCE?

DIGITAL I/O (Input/Output):

Digital is like saying "YES or NO", or "ON or OFF". Very simple.

 Example: A button is pressed (YES/1) or not pressed (NO/0).


 Example: A light is either ON or OFF.

So, Digital Pin either sends or receives:

 1 (HIGH = 3.3V = ON)


 0 (LOW = 0V = OFF)

ANALOG I/O (Only Analog INPUT on ESP32-S3)

Analog is like saying "How much?" It’s a range, like a dimmer.

 Example: A light sensor tells how bright the room is, not just if there’s light or
not.
 Example: A temperature sensor tells how hot it is, not just hot or cold.

So analog input gives values from 0 to 4095 (because ESP32-S3 is 12-bit ADC).
ESP32-S3 PINS YOU SHOULD KNOW

Here are the basics (they vary slightly by board, but this is general):

Pin Number Use Notes


GPIO 0-19 Digital I/O Can be input or output
GPIO 20-23 USB Used for USB, avoid unless needed
GPIO 32-39 Analog Inputs (ADC1) Can read analog sensors
GPIO 40-46 Digital I/O General-purpose

Example Pins for You:

 GPIO10: Good for controlling LEDs


 GPIO34: Can read analog sensor
 GPIO21: Often used for I2C communication

SIMPLE EXAMPLE 1: Turn ON a Light (Digital Output)

Let’s say we connect an LED to GPIO10. Here’s the idea:

from machine import Pin


import time

led = Pin(10, Pin.OUT) # Use GPIO10 for output

while True:
led.value(1) # Turn ON the LED
time.sleep(1)
led.value(0) # Turn OFF the LED
time.sleep(1)

ESP32-S3 is telling the LED: "ON! OFF! ON! OFF!" every second.
SIMPLE EXAMPLE 2: Read a Button (Digital Input)

Button connected to GPIO9:

button = Pin(9, Pin.IN)

while True:
if button.value() == 1:
print("Button is pressed")
else:
print("Button is not pressed")

SIMPLE EXAMPLE 3: Read a Light Sensor (Analog Input)

Sensor on GPIO34:

from machine import ADC, Pin


import time

light_sensor = ADC(Pin(34)) # Connect sensor to GPIO34

while True:
value = light_sensor.read()
print("Light Level:", value) # 0 to 4095
time.sleep(0.5)

ESP32-S3 is saying: "Hmm, the room is at light level 2023."

Summary like a Baby:

ESP32-S3 is a tiny smart brain that can think, sense, and control.

Digital = ON/OFF (like flipping a switch)

Analog = How much? (like turning up volume)

Pins are like hands and ears of the brain.

You use code to tell ESP32-S3 what to do with those pins.

Want me to draw a diagram or make a sample project with an LED and sensor for
you? 😊

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