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The 'mtcars' dataset contains 32 observations and 11 variables, including 'mpg', 'cyl', 'disp', and 'hp'. It provides summary statistics, frequency tables for selected variables, and a variance-covariance matrix to analyze relationships between variables. Key insights include measures of central tendency, variability, and potential correlations useful for predicting car species.

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Triveni Jayaram
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7 views4 pages

P 1

The 'mtcars' dataset contains 32 observations and 11 variables, including 'mpg', 'cyl', 'disp', and 'hp'. It provides summary statistics, frequency tables for selected variables, and a variance-covariance matrix to analyze relationships between variables. Key insights include measures of central tendency, variability, and potential correlations useful for predicting car species.

Uploaded by

Triveni Jayaram
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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# Load the 'mtcars' dataset

data(mtcars)

# 1. Dataset Dimensions and Structure

cat("Dimensions of the dataset:", dim(mtcars), "\n")

cat("Names of the variables:", names(mtcars), "\n")

cat("Name of each car (first column):\n")

print(rownames(mtcars))

cat("Number of rows:", nrow(mtcars), "\n")

cat("Number of columns:", ncol(mtcars), "\n")

cat("Summary of the dataset:\n")

print(summary(mtcars))

# 2. Frequency Tables

cat("\nFrequency table for 'mpg':\n")

print(table(cut(mtcars$mpg, breaks = seq(10, 40, by = 5))))

cat("\nFrequency table for 'wt':\n")

print(table(cut(mtcars$wt, breaks = seq(1.5, 5.5, by = 0.5))))


cat("\nFrequency table for 'disp':\n")

print(table(cut(mtcars$disp, breaks = seq(70, 500, by = 50))))

cat("\nFrequency table for 'hp':\n")

print(table(cut(mtcars$hp, breaks = seq(50, 350, by = 50))))

# 3. Mean and Standard Deviation

cat("\nMean and Standard Deviation:\n")

cat("mpg: Mean =", mean(mtcars$mpg), ", SD =", sd(mtcars$mpg), "\n")

cat("wt: Mean =", mean(mtcars$wt), ", SD =", sd(mtcars$wt), "\n")

cat("disp: Mean =", mean(mtcars$disp), ", SD =", sd(mtcars$disp), "\n")

cat("hp: Mean =", mean(mtcars$hp), ", SD =", sd(mtcars$hp), "\n")

# 4. Variance-Covariance Matrix

cat("\nVariance-Covariance Matrix:\n")

print(var(mtcars[, c("mpg", "wt", "disp", "hp")]))

# Interpretation

cat("\nInterpretation:\n")

cat("- The 'mtcars' dataset has 32 rows (observations) and 11 columns (variables).\n")

cat("- The variables include 'mpg' (miles per gallon), 'cyl' (number of cylinders), 'disp'
(displacement), 'hp' (horsepower), and others.\n")

cat("- The first column contains the names of the cars.\n")

cat("- The 'summary()' function provides a concise overview of each variable.\n")

cat("- Frequency tables show the distribution of values for each variable within specified
intervals.\n")

cat("- Mean and Standard Deviation provide measures of central tendency and variability.\
n")
cat("- 'mpg' and 'wt' might be good candidates for guessing car species due to potential
correlations with car size and engine type.\n")

cat("- The variance-covariance matrix shows the variance of each variable and the
covariance between pairs.\n")

cat("- Positive covariance indicates variables tend to increase/decrease together.\n")

cat("- Negative covariance suggests that as one variable increases, the other tends to
decrease.\n")

> # Load the 'mtcars' dataset

> data(mtcars)

>

> # 1. Dataset Dimensions and Structure

> cat("Dimensions of the dataset:", dim(mtcars), "\n")

Dimensions of the dataset: 32 11

> cat("Names of the variables:", names(mtcars), "\n")

Names of the variables: mpg cyl disp hp drat wt qsec vs am gear carb

> cat("Name of each car (first column):\n")

Name of each car (first column):

> print(rownames(mtcars))

[1] "Mazda RX4" "Mazda RX4 Wag" "Datsun 710"

[4] "Hornet 4 Drive" "Hornet Sportabout" "Valiant"

[7] "Duster 360" "Merc 240D" "Merc 230"

[10] "Merc 280" "Merc 280C" "Merc 450SE"

[13] "Merc 450SL" "Merc 450SLC" "Cadillac Fleetwood"

[16] "Lincoln Continental" "Chrysler Imperial" "Fiat 128"

[19] "Honda Civic" "Toyota Corolla" "Toyota Corona"

[22] "Dodge Challenger" "AMC Javelin" "Camaro Z28"


[25] "Pontiac Firebird" "Fiat X1-9" "Porsche 914-2"

[28] "Lotus Europa" "Ford Pantera L" "Ferrari Dino"

[31] "Maserati Bora" "Volvo 142E"

> cat("Number of rows:", nrow(mtcars), "\n")

Number of rows: 32

> cat("Number of columns:", ncol(mtcars), "\n")

Number of columns: 11

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