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Discussion Forum Unit 5

The document discusses five different implementations of a function to check for lowercase letters in a string, highlighting their flaws and outputs. Each implementation is analyzed for its logic, with explanations provided for why certain outputs occur, such as premature termination or incorrect checks. The final implementation correctly identifies the presence of lowercase letters, while others fail to do so due to various logical errors.

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6 views4 pages

Discussion Forum Unit 5

The document discusses five different implementations of a function to check for lowercase letters in a string, highlighting their flaws and outputs. Each implementation is analyzed for its logic, with explanations provided for why certain outputs occur, such as premature termination or incorrect checks. The final implementation correctly identifies the presence of lowercase letters, while others fail to do so due to various logical errors.

Uploaded by

nazilaramzi25
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Discussion Forum Unit 5

1. def any_lowercase1(s):
for c in s:
if c.islower():
return True
else:
return False
print(any_lowercase1("KhOa")) # This will return False
print(any_lowercase1("khoA")) # This will return True
print(any_lowercase1("Khoa")) # This will return False

Output:
False
True
False

Explanation: In the if…else statement, the program stops running as soon as it encounters a
True value. For a string with 4 characters, a for loop will iterate 4 times, processing one
character during each iteration. If the if…else statement finds a True value in any of the return
statements, it terminates the program. In the code provided, all three arguments in the
function call consist of lowercase strings, so the expected output should have been all True.
However, the actual output was False, True, and False. To fix this, the else branch should be
aligned with the for loop, rather than being nested within the if statement.

2. def any_lowercase2(s):
for c in s:
if 'c'.islower():
return 'True'
else:
return 'False'
print(any_lowercase2("khoa")) # This will return True
print(any_lowercase2("KHOA")) # This will return True
print(any_lowercase2(" ")) # This will return True

Output:
True
True
True

Explanation: This second function checks that only the string "c" is lowercase, which always
returns True. Therefore, the argument in the function call only enables it to run and ends the
program. To correct this error, first, we use the variable in the for loop statement in place of
"c," and then place the else branch of the if…else conditional outside the if condition.

3. def any_lowercase3(s):
for c in s:
flag = c.islower()
return flag
print(any_lowercase3("KhOa")) # This will return True
print(any_lowercase3("khoA")) # This will return False
print(any_lowercase3("Khoa")) # This will return True

Output:
True
False
True
Explanation: This function checks each character in the string but only returns the result for the
last character. For example, with the input "KhOa", it returns True because 'a' is lowercase.
However, with "khoA", it returns False since 'A' is uppercase, ignoring that there are lowercase
letters earlier in the string. This means the function does not accurately check if there are any
lowercase letters in the entire string, as it only considers the last character checked.

4. def any_lowercase4(s):
flag = False
for c in s:
flag = flag or c.islower()
return flag
print(any_lowercase4("KhOa")) # This will return True
print(any_lowercase4("khoA")) # This will return True
print(any_lowercase4("KHOA")) # This will return False

Output:

True
True
False

Explanation: This function checks if there are any lowercase letters in the input string. It starts
with a flag set to False. As it loops through each character, it updates flag to True if it finds any
lowercase letter. For example, with the input "KhOa", it finds 'K' (uppercase) but then finds 'a'
(lowercase), setting flag to True. Similarly, for "khoA", it finds 'k', 'h', and 'o' all lowercase, so it
returns True. However, for "KHOA", all characters are uppercase, so it returns False. This
function accurately identifies the presence of lowercase letters in the entire string, making it
effective for its intended purpose.

5. def any_lowercase5(s):
for c in s:
if not c.islower():
return False
return True
print(any_lowercase5("KhOa")) # This will return False
print(any_lowercase5("khoA")) # This will return False
print(any_lowercase5("KHOA")) # This will return False

Output:

False
False
False

Explanation: This function checks if all characters in the input string are lowercase. It loops
through each character and returns False immediately if it finds any character that is not
lowercase. For example, with the input "KhOa", it finds 'K' (uppercase) and returns False. The
same happens with "khoA" and "KHOA"; both contain uppercase letters, so the function returns
False for all inputs. This means the function does not correctly identify if there are any
lowercase letters, as it only checks if all letters are lowercase.

Reference
Downey, A. (2015). Think Python: How to think like a computer scientist
https://my.uopeople.edu/pluginfile.php/1973127/mod_page/content/73/TEXT%20-%20Think
%20Python%202e%20%282%29.pdf

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