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Module 4 - Analysis of Structures

A truss is a structural framework made of slender members arranged in triangular units, providing stability and efficient load distribution. Commonly used in bridges, roofs, and towers, trusses can be classified into simple, compound, and complex types based on their construction. They are designed to achieve long spans, minimize weight, support heavy loads, and reduce deflection.

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24 views14 pages

Module 4 - Analysis of Structures

A truss is a structural framework made of slender members arranged in triangular units, providing stability and efficient load distribution. Commonly used in bridges, roofs, and towers, trusses can be classified into simple, compound, and complex types based on their construction. They are designed to achieve long spans, minimize weight, support heavy loads, and reduce deflection.

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2241854
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ENGR.

YNAD NICOLO GUADIZ

Module 2:
ENGR. YNAD NICOLO GUADIZ

Module 2:
TRUSS
A truss is a structure composed
of slender members joined
together at their end points. The
members commonly used in
construction consist of wooden
struts or metal bars.

It consists of members organized


into connected triangles so that
the overall assembly behaves as
a single object. Trusses are most
commonly used in bridges, roofs
and towers.
A truss is made up of a web of triangles joined together to
enable the even distribution of weight and the handling of
changing tension and compression without bending or
shearing. The triangle is geometrically stable when
compared to a four (or more) -sided shape which requires
that the corner joints are fixed to prevent shearing.

Trusses consist of triangular units constructed with


straight members. The ends of these members are
connected at joints, known as nodes. They are able to
carry significant loads, transferring them to supporting
structures such as load-bearing beams, walls or the
ground.
In general, trusses 01 Achieve long spans.
are used to:
02 Minimise the weight of a structure.

03 Support heavy loads.

04 Reduced deflection.
In particular, planar trusses lie in a single plane and are often used to support roofs and bridges.
The truss shown is an example of a typical roof-supporting truss. In this figure, the roof load is
transmitted to the truss at the joints by means of a series of purlins. Since this loading acts in the
same plane as the truss, the analysis of the forces developed in the truss members will be two-
dimensional.
In the case of a bridge, such as shown, the load on the deck is first transmitted to stringers, then to
floor beams, and finally to the joints of the two supporting side trusses. Like the roof truss, the
bridge truss loading is also coplanar.
TYPES OF
TRUSSES
There are many different types of
trusses and here are some examples.
ROOF TRUSS
BRIDGE TRUSS
CLASSIFICATION OF Trusses, regardless of shape, size or form, can fall under
these three groups:
TRUSSES

SIMPLE TRUSS- A simple truss is a planar truss which begins with a triangular element and can
be expanded by adding two members and a joint.
CLASSIFICATION OF
TRUSSES

COMPOUND TRUSS- A compound truss is made up of simple trusses joined together to form a larger truss.
CLASSIFICATION OF
TRUSSES

COMPLEX TRUSS- A complex truss uses a general layout of members different from that used in simple
and compound trusses. It often incorporates overlapping members.

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