Scribd
Upload
0 views

Module 1to6 key notes

This document provides an introduction to Python programming, covering key concepts across six modules including basic programming principles, data types, control flow, functions, data structures, and file handling. It includes a Q&A section with important questions and answers related to each module, enhancing understanding of the material. The content is structured for academic purposes, specifically for MBA Semester-II examination preparation.

Uploaded by

Niki Nikhil
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
0 views

Module 1to6 key notes

This document provides an introduction to Python programming, covering key concepts across six modules including basic programming principles, data types, control flow, functions, data structures, and file handling. It includes a Q&A section with important questions and answers related to each module, enhancing understanding of the material. The content is structured for academic purposes, specifically for MBA Semester-II examination preparation.

Uploaded by

Niki Nikhil
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 15

Module-1: Introduction to Python Program

Key Concepts:
 Creativity & Motivation: Python enables creative
thinking through its simplicity and wide applicability.

 Computer Hardware Architecture: Basic structure


includes CPU, RAM, input/output devices, storage.

 Understanding Programming: Programming is


giving instructions to a computer to perform tasks.

 Word & Sentence in Programming: Words =


Keywords; Sentences = Statements/instructions.
 Conversing with Python: Writing and executing
Python code via interpreter or script.
 Terminology:
o Syntax: Rules for writing Python code

o Semantics: Meaning of instructions

 Debugging: Identifying and fixing errors (syntax and


logic errors).
 Learning Journey: Begin with basic scripts, build
up to functions and real-world projects.

📘 Module-2: Variables, Expressions and Statements


Key Concepts:
 Data Types:
o int, float, bool, str, list

 Variables: Containers for storing values (e.g., x = 5)


 Expressions: Combos of variables, operators, and
values (e.g., x + y)
 Statements: Instructions like assignments or loops.
 Operator Precedence:
o ** > *, / > +, -

 Comments:
o Single-line: # comment

o Multi-line: ''' comment ''' or """ comment """

 Functions & Modules:


o def func_name(): defines a function.

o Modules like math, random provide extra

functions.
 Parameters & Arguments:
o Parameters are placeholders; arguments are

actual values.

📘 Module-3: Control Flow, Loops and Conditionals


Key Concepts:
 Boolean Values: True, False
 Operators: and, or, not, ==, !=, <, >, etc.
 Conditionals:
o if, if-else, if-elif-else

 Loops:
ofor i in range(5):
o while condition:

 Loop Control:
o break: exits loop

o continue: skips to next iteration

📘 Module-4: Functions, Arrays, and Fruitful


Functions
Key Concepts:
 Return Values: return sends data back from a
function.
 Scope:
o Local: inside function

o Global: outside function

 Function Composition: Functions calling other


functions.
 Recursion: Function calling itself.
 Strings:
o Slicing: s[0:5]

o Immutable: Cannot be changed after creation.

o Methods: .upper(), .lower(), .find()

 String Module: Provides additional string-related


constants and functions.
 Arrays (via array module):
o Accessing: a[0]

o Methods: .append(), .remove(), etc.


📘 Module-5: Lists, Tuples, Dictionaries
Key Concepts:
 Lists:
o Mutable: Can be changed.

o Methods: .append(), .pop(), .sort()

o Cloning: new_list = old_list[:]

o List comprehension: [x**2 for x in range(5)]

 Tuples:
o Immutable.

o (a, b) vs [a, b]

o Used for fixed data sets or return values.

 Dictionaries:
o Key-value pairs: {"name": "Sachin"}

o Methods: .keys(), .values(), .items()

o Dict comprehension: {x: x**2 for x in range(5)}

📘 Module-6: Files, Exceptions, Modules, and Packages


Key Concepts:
 File Handling:
o open(), read(), write(), close()

o Modes: 'r', 'w', 'a', 'r+'

 Command-line Arguments:
o Use sys.argv to accept input from command line.
 Exceptions:
o Try-except block:

python
CopyEdit
try:
result = 10 / 0
except ZeroDivisionError:
print("Cannot divide by zero.")
 Common Modules:
o datetime, time, os, calendar, math

 Packages:
o Directory with __init__.py

o Import using: from package import module

Let me know if you want a cover page or Q&A section


added before you finalize this as a PDF!
4o
You said:
YES BOTH
ChatGPT said:
Great! Here's your complete material including:
✅ Cover Page
GNDEC College, Bidar
MBA Semester-II Examination Preparation
Subject: Introduction to Python, Data and Control
Systems
Prepared By: Sachin Biradar
Modules Covered: 1 to 6
Includes: Module-wise Notes + Question & Answer
Section
Academic Year: 2024–2025

✅ Module-Wise Notes
(Already provided above — keep that part as-is in your
PDF)

✅ Q&A Section (Important Questions with Answers)


Module 1–3 Questions:
1. What is Computational Thinking? How does
Python help in problem-solving?
Computational thinking is the process of solving
problems using logical steps like decomposition,
pattern recognition, and abstraction. Python helps by
offering simple syntax and powerful tools for quick
implementation and testing of solutions.
2. Correct the following code:
python
CopyEdit
x = 10
if x > 5:
print("Greater")
else:
print("Smaller")
3. Explain operator precedence with example.
Operator precedence determines which operator is
evaluated first. Example:
print(2 + 3 * 4) → Output: 14 (multiplication first)
4. Output of:
python
CopyEdit
a = "10"
b=5
print(a * b)
Output: 1010101010 (String repetition)
5. Mutable vs Immutable:
o Mutable: Can be changed (e.g., list)

o Immutable: Cannot be changed (e.g., tuple,

string)
6. Program to swap numbers:
python
CopyEdit
a=5
b = 10
temp = a
a=b
b = temp
print(a, b)
7. If-Elif-Else Example:
python
CopyEdit
x = 10
if x > 0:
print("Positive")
elif x < 0:
print("Negative")
else:
print("Zero")
8. For vs While:
o For: Known iterations

python
CopyEdit
for i in range(5): print(i)```
o While: Runs until condition is False
python
CopyEdit
while x < 5: x += 1```

9. Predict:
python
CopyEdit
for i in range(2, 10, 2):
print(i, end=" ")
Output: 2 4 6 8
10. Break and Continue:
python
CopyEdit
for i in range(5):
if i == 3: break
print(i)
11. Largest of three numbers:
python
CopyEdit
a = int(input())
b = int(input())
c = int(input())
if a >= b and a >= c:
print(a)
elif b >= c:
print(b)
else:
print(c)
12. Flow of execution:
python
CopyEdit
x=5
while x > 0:
print(x, end=" ")
x=2
Output: 5 2
13. Prime check function:
python
CopyEdit
def is_prime(n):
if n < 2:
return False
for i in range(2, int(n**0.5) + 1):
if n % i == 0:
return False
return True
14. Reverse string:
python
CopyEdit
s = "hello"
reversed_str = ""
for char in s:
reversed_str = char + reversed_str
print(reversed_str)
15. Divisible by 3 and 5:
python
CopyEdit
n = int(input())
if n % 3 == 0 and n % 5 == 0:
print("Yes")
else:
print("No")

Module 4–6 Questions:


1. What is a function?
A block of reusable code. Useful for modularity and
reusability.
2. Sum of even numbers:
python

def sum_even(numbers):
return sum(x for x in numbers if x % 2 == 0)
3. Local vs Global:
o Local: Inside function

o Global: Outside function

4. Recursion (factorial):
python

def fact(n):
if n == 0:
return 1
return n * fact(n-1)
5. String slicing:
python

s = "Python"
print(s[0:3]) # 'Pyt'
6. Output of:
python

x = [1, 2, 3]
y=x
y.append(4)
print(x)
Output: [1, 2, 3, 4] (Lists are mutable)
7. List vs Tuple:
o List: Mutable, []

o Tuple: Immutable, ()

8. Max in list:
python

lst = [1, 4, 2]
max_num = lst[0]
for i in lst:
if i > max_num:
max_num = i
print(max_num)
9. File handling:
python

with open("file.txt", "r") as f:


content = f.read()
10. Count words:
python

with open("file.txt") as f:
print(len(f.read().split()))
11. Calculator function:
Python

def calc(a, b, op):


if op == "add": return a + b
elif op == "sub": return a - b
elif op == "mul": return a * b
elif op == "div": return a / b
12. List comprehension (squares):
python

squares = [x**2 for x in range(1, 11)]


13. Exception handling:
python
CopyEdit
try:
print(10 / 0)
except ZeroDivisionError:
print("Error!")
14. Remove duplicates:
python
CopyEdit
numbers = [1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 4, 5]
print(list(set(numbers)))
15. Read CSV:
python
CopyEdit
import csv
with open("data.csv") as f:
reader = csv.reader(f)
for row in reader:
print(row)

You might also like