COEP TECH.

UNIVERSITY
Department of Mathematics
(MA- 23005) Probability and Statistics
F.Y. B. Tech.

Tutorial 4 on Unit 4
1. What is meant by the word ’Statistic’?

2. Define Power of test, Unbiased estimator, Bias, Estimator.

3. What is meant by an unbiased estimator of a population parameter θ?

What is biased estimator of a population parameter?
4. Let X1,X2,...,Xn be n random variables with E(Xi) = µ and V ar(Xi) = σ2,

i = 1,2,...,n. What is an unbiased estimator of mean µ and that of σ2?

5. The numbers of incorrect answers on a true-false compentency test for
a random sample of 15 students were recorded as follows:
2,1,3,0,1,3,6,0,3,3,5,2,1,4,2. Find the mean, the median, the mode.
6. Find the probability that a random sample of 25 observations, from a
normal population with variance σ2 = 6, will have a variance (a) S2
greater than 9.1. (b) S2 lying in between 3.462 and 10.745. Ans: (a) 0.05
(b) 0.94

7. Prove that the sample mean is an unbiased estimator for the

population mean µ.
8. Find an unbiased estimator for the population variance σ2.

9. Define type-I error and type-II error in testing of hypothesis one can do.

10. What is meant by significance level and p-value?

11. Increase in sample size n will ....(increase/reduce) α and β

simultaneously.

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 12. Explain the use of z- test, t- test, Chi-square test and F-test in testing of
hypothesis.
13. Using statistical tables find the following:
when degree of freedom is 15 ANS:
27.488
when degree of freedom is 18
ANS:34.805
when degree of freedom is 25
ANS:37.652
(iv) t0.025 when degree of freedom is 15
ANS:2.131
(vi) f0.05 when degree of freedom are 7 and 15

(vii) f0.99 when degree of freedom are 28 and 12

(viii) f0.01 when degree of freedom are 24 and 19

(ix) χ2α if P(X2 < χ2α) = 0.95 when degree of

freedom is 6
when degree of freedom is 16

when degree of freedom is 10

(xii) P(T < 2.365) when degree of freedom is 7 ANS: 0.975
(xii) P(T > −2.567) when degree of freedom is 17 ANS:0.99
(xiii) P(−t0.005 < T < t0.01) when degree of freedom is 20
ANS:0.985
(xiv) k such that P(k < T < 2.807) = 0.095 for a random
sample of size 24 from a normal population.
and represent the variances of independent random samples of
size 8 and 12 respectively, taken from a normal population with equal
variances, find
16. A manufacturer of car batteries claims that the life of the company’s
batteries is approximately normally distributed with a standard deviation
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 equal to 0.9 year. If a random sample of 10 of these batteries has
standard deviation of 1.2 years, do you think that σ > 0.9 years? Use a
0.05 level of significance.
17. A study is conducted to compare the lengths of time required by men and
women to assemble a certain product. Past experience indicates that the
distribution of times for both men and women is approximately normal
but the variance of the times for women is less than that for the men. A
random sample of times for 11 men and 14 women gives respective
standard deviations 6.1 and 5.3. Test the hypothesis that against
the alternative that .
18. A manufacturer of a certain brand of energy bar claims that the average
saturated fat content in the bar is 0.5 gms. Will you support his claim if
the 8 bars that you examined for fat content were found to contain 0.6,
0.7, 0.7, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.4 and 0.2 gms of saturated fat? Assume
normality. Take α = 0.05.

19. A sample of 100 tyres is taken from a lot. The mean life of tyres is found
to be 39350 kms. with the population standard deviation of 3260 kms.
Test the hypothesis, at 1 percent level of significance, that the mean life
of tyre is 40000 kms.
20. Weight in kg of 10 lambs are 38, 40, 45, 53, 47, 43, 55, 48, 52, 49. Can
we say that the variance of the population from which the above sample
is drawn has a variance of 20 sq.kg? Assume α = 0.05
21. Two random samples were drawn from two normal populations and their
values are:

A : 66 67 75 76 82 84 88 90
92
B : 64 66 74 78 82 85 87 92
93 95 97

Test whether the two populations have the same variance at 10% level of
significance.
22. The following data represents the number of Statistics lectures attended
by 18 students: 9, 12, 18, 14, 12, 14, 12, 10, 16, 14, 13, 15, 13, 11, 13,

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 11, 9, 11. Perform a sign test to test the instructor’s claim that the median
of number of lectures attended is 12. Use a 2% level of significance.
23. The table shows the standard Deviation and Sample Standard Deviation
for both men and women. Find the f statistic considering the Men
population in numerator.

Population Sample
Population s.d s.d.
Men 30 35 (Ans: 1.68)
Women 50 45

24. A company manufactures light bulbs. The CEO of the company claims
that an average light bulb lasts 300 days. A researcher randomly selects
15 bulbs for testing. The sampled bulbs last an average of 290 days, with
a standard deviation of 50 days. If the CEO’s claim were true, what is
the probability that 15 randomly selected bulbs would have an average
life of no more than 290 days? (Ans: t=- 0.7745966, cumulative
probability=0.226. So if the true bulb life were 300 days, there is a
22.6% chance that the average bulb life for 15 randomly selected bulbs
would be less than or equal to 290 days.)

25. Dishwasher powder is poured into the cartons in which it is sold by an

automaticdispensing machine which is set to dispense 3 kg of powder
into each carton. In order to check that the dispensing machine is
working to an acceptable standard (i.e. does not need adjustment), a
production engineer takes a random samples of 40 cartons and weighs
them. It is found that the mean weight of the sample is 3.005 kg. It is
known that the dispensing machine operates with a variance of 0.0152
kg2 and that the manufacturer of the powder is willing to rely on a 5%
level of significance. Does the sample provide the engineer with
sufficient evidence that the true mean is not 3.00 kg and so the machine
requires adjustment? (Ans: machine is not operating acceptably and
needs adjustment)
26. Conduct an F-Test on the following samples:
Sample-1 having variance = 109.63, sample size = 41.

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 Sample-2 having Variance = 65.99, sample size = 21.
27. Test the null hypothesis that the following sample is from a population
with median 100 against the alternative the median is greater than 100
i.e., Use normal approximation to Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test (without
continuity correction) Assume that the distribution of differences is
symmetric. 98.38, 115.33, 98.62, 114.38, 87.79, 84.06, 96.18, 98.74, 91,
107.82, 108.28, 112.62, 124.18, 101.99, 112.51, 75.65, 83.77, 84.91,
109.73, 109.41, 100.4, 95.37, 115.46, 111.78, 86.13, 82.14, 78.47, 98.18

28. The proportion of adults living in a small town who are college
graduates is estimated to be p=0.6. To test this hypothesis, a random
sample of 15 adults is selected. If number of college graduates in our
sample is anywhere from 6 to 12 , we shall not reject the null hypothesis
that p = 0.6; otherwise we shall conclude that p 6= 0.6.
(a) Evaluate α assuming that p = 0.6. Use binomial distribution.
(b) Evaluate β for the alternatives p = 0.5 and p = 0.7. (c) Is this a good
test procedure?

29. In Relief from Arthritis published by Thorsons Publishers, Ltd., John E.

Croft claims that over 40% of those who suffer from osteoarthritis receive
measurable relief from an ingredient produced by a particular species of
mussel found off the coast of New Zealand.To test this claim, the mussel
extract is to be given to a group of 7 osteoarthritic patients. If 3 or more of
the patients receive relief, we shall not reject the null hypothesis that p = 0.4;
otherwise, we conclude that p < 0.4. (a) Evaluate α, assuming that p = 0.4.
(b) Evaluate β for the alternative p = 0.3

30.The PQR company claims that the lifetime of a type of battery that it
manufactures is more than 250hrs. A consumer advocate wishing to
determine whether the claim is justified measures the lifetimes of 24 of the
company’s batteries; the results are :
271,230,198,275,282,225,284,219,253,
216,262,288,236,291,253,224,264,295,211,252,294,242,272,268.
Assuming the sample to be random, Using Sign test, determine whether the
company’s claim is justified at the 0.05 significance level.

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