INSTRUCTION: Select the correct answer for each of the following

questions. Mark only one answer for each item by shading the box
corresponding to the letter of your choice on the answer sheet provided.
STRICTLY NO ERASURES ALLOWED.

1. A certain fluid fills a cylindrical container with 10 m in diameter

and 5 m in height. The weight of the empty container is 32 kN while
that of the container filled with the fluid is 7932 kN. What is the
specific gravity of the fluid?
A. 2.0507 C. 4.1014
B. 2.0590 D. 4.1180

2. A 100 N rectangular solid block slides down a 25-degree inclined

plane. The plane is lubricated by a 3 mm thick film of oil of
relative density 0.90 and viscosity of 7.9 poise. If the contact area
is 0.4 sq m, determine the terminal velocity of the block.
A. 0.8604 m/s C. 0.4012 m/s
B. 0.9494 m/s D. 0.4427 m/s

3. A cylinder glass tubing 2.6 cm inside diameter and 90 cm long with

one end closed is immersed vertically with the open end down into a
tank filled with water until only 5 cm of its length remain above the
liquid surface. If the barometric pressure is 101.3 kPa and
neglecting vapor pressure, determine the force required to maintain
equilibrium.
A. 4.83 N C. 4.10 N
B. 4.36 N D. 4.57 N

4. How deep, measured from the surface to the lowest point of the gate
must a circular gate of diameter 1 m be submerged vertically in a
fluid so that the distance between the fluid surface and the center
of pressure of the hydrostatic force is 5 m?
A. 5.5 m C. 0.0125 m
B. 5.873 m D. 5.487 m

5. Determine the magnitude of the resultant hydrostatic force acting on

the gate AB shown.

A. 134 kN C. 132 kN
B. 139 kN D. 135 kN n

6. A hemispherical bowl having a radius of 1 m is full of water. If the

bowl is rotated uniformly about its vertical axis at the rate of 32
rpm, what is the height of the water in the bowl if the rotation
stopped and let the remaining water in the bowl settle?
A. 0.57 m C. 0.598 m
B. 0.899 m D. 0.705 m

7. A dam is triangular in cross section with the upstream vertical.

Water is flush at the top. The dam is 8 m high and 6 m wide at the
bottom and weighs 24 kN per cubic meter. The coefficient of friction
between the base and foundation is 0.80. Hydrostatic uplift varies
from full at the heel to zero at the toe. Determine the maximum
pressure at the base of the dam.
 A. 139.52 kPa C. 151.06 kPa
B. 147.24 kPa D. 162.37 kPa

8. A cubical box 1 m on an edge open at the top and half filled with
water is placed on an inclined plane making a 30-degree angle with
the horizontal. What is the magnitude of deceleration going upwards
will result to a liquid surface inclined at 5 degrees from the
horizontal?
A. 1.04 m/s^2 C. 2.35 m/s^2
B. 1.81 m/s^2 D. 2.15 m/s^2

9. A tank is filled with different layers of fluid. What is the

acceleration that causes a pressure at the bottom of the tank that is
twice as large when it is moving downwards compared to that when
moving upwards?
A. 3.27 m/s^2 C. 9.81 m/s^2
B. 4.905 m/s^2 D. 6.54 m/s^2

10. A stone weighs 332 N in oil (sg 0.8) and 298 N in water. What is the
weight in a fluid of sg 0.6?
A. 366 N C. 336 N
B. 0 N D. 468 N

11. A tank of diameter 2 m is filled with water to a height of 2 m and

oil of sg 0.8 to a height of 1 m. If a 11 kN cylinder of diameter 1 m
and height 3 m is placed in the tank, what will be the new height of
the tank?
A. 3.6 m C. 3.53 m
B. 3.41 m D. 3.7 m

12. A rectangular barge has dimensions of 30 m long, 10 m wide, and 3 m

deep. It weights 4000 kN when loaded with its center of gravity along
the vertical axis 4.2 m from the bottom of the barge. The barge is
floating in freshwater. Determine the metacentric height of the barge
due to rolling.
A. 2.61 m C. 51.66 m
B. 5.31 m D. 54.36 m

13. Pipe 1 carries water at 4 m/s on a 200 mm diameter pipe while pipe 2
carries oil (sg 0.8) at 3 m/s on a 250 mm diameter pipe. The pipes
converge to a container to fully mix the two fluids and is being
discharged on a third pipe with diameter 300 mm at 3.5 m/s. What is
the resulting density of the fluid discharged?
A. -0.002 amp/sec C. 0.003 amp/sec
B. -0.001 amp/sec D. 0.004 amp/sec

14. From a reservoir whose surface elevation is at 30 m, water is pumped

to an elevation of 90 m. Let the head lost be 60% of the kinetic
head. The pipe diameter is 300 mm all throughout the system and the
discharge is constant at 500 L/s. What is the required horsepower of
the pump if the efficiency is 70%?
A. 283 hp C. 578 hp
B. 549 hp D. 269 hp

15. SAE Oil has density 870 kg/m^3 flows through a cast iron pipe. The
pipe is 45 m long and has a diameter of 150 mm and absolute viscosity
0.0814 Pa*s. Determine the head loss due to friction at critical
velocity.
A. 0.612 m C. 0.671 m
B. 0.761 m D. 0.716 m
16. Pipes A and B are connected in parallel then the outlet junction of
the two are connected to pipes C and D which are in series. Determine
the equivalent diameter of a pipe E given the conditions shown. The
discharge at pipe A is 10 L/s.

Pipe Length Diameter f

A L D f
B 0.5L 1.2D 2f
C 0.75L 1.3D 3f
D 1.5L 0.8D 1.5f
E 3L 2.5f

A. 0.997D C. 0.775D
B. 0.886D D. 0.664D

17. Pipeline A is connected to pipelines B and C which are parallel to

each other at junction y and merges again at junction x to form a
single pipeline D. The rate of flow of water through A is 50 L/s and
the total head loss from A to D is 9 m. Determine the diameter of C.

Pipe Length Diameter C

A 300 m 200 mm 120
B 366 160 120
C 190 120
D 510 250 120

A. 150 C. 250
B. 200 D. 300

18. Reservoirs A, B, and C are connected by three pipes 1,2,3

intersecting at a junction. If the elevation of surface at A is 30 m,
that of B is 24 m, and C at 15 m, determine the flow at reservoir A
given the following data.
Pipe Length Diameter n
1 1200 m 300 mm 0.011
2 900 200 0.011
3 1500 150 0.011

A. 0.02 m3/s C. 0.03 m3/s

B. 0.04 m3/s D. 0.01 m3/s

19. A circular vessel 2 m in diameter and 3 meters high is filled with

liquids A (sg 1), B (sg 0.8), and C (sg 1.2), all 1 m in depth. At
the bottom of the vessel is a 0.05 m^2 orifice with C = 0.6.
Determine the time for the vessel to be emptied.
A. 85.28 s C. 88.52 s
B. 82.58 s D. 82.85 s

20. A Borda mouthpiece 60 mm in diameter has a coefficient of contraction

of 0.95. Determine the discharge at the orifice if the head is 4 m.
A. 17.26 L/s C. 19.26 L/s
B. 18.26 L/s D. 20.26 L/s
21. An orifice having an area of 0.008 m^2 is attached to a vertical side
of a cylindrical tank having a diameter of 4 m. The weight of water
discharged in 1 min is 22 N under a constant head of 1.2 m. The jet
strikes a point 1.92 m horizontally from the vena contracta and 0.8 m
vertically below the orifice. Determine the coefficient of
contraction.
A. 0.9728 C. 0.9872
B. 0.9782 D. 0.9827

22. A channel is carrying 300 L/s of water. Assuming a 0.003 m error is

made in measuring the head, determine the percentage error in
discharge if the weir is a Cipolletti weir with L = 4 m long.
A. 2.7% C. 4.9%
B. 3.8% D. 6.0%

23. Determine the discharge [L/s] of the weir having a head of 0.30 m in
L/s if it is a 90-degree triangular weir is used.
A. 69 C. 89
B. 79 D. 99

24. A concrete spillway controls a reservoir having an area of 5

hectares. Assuming that the weir factor is 1.84, determine the length
of the spillway when the time to draw water from elevation 92 to 90 m
when the crest elevation is 89 m is 50 minutes.
A. 3.83 m C. 7.66 m
B. 15.31 m D. 11.49 m

25. A 90-degree triangular conduit carries 16 m^3 / s. Determine the

boundary shear stress at critical flow for n = 0.011.
A. 13.95 Pa C. 12.87 Pa
B. 23.32 Pa D. 16.23 Pa

26. A rectangular channel experiences hydraulic jump flowing from a 2 m

depth to a 0.8 m depth. What is the head loss in the jump?
A. 0.225 m C. 1.08 m
B. 0.27 m D. 0.54 m

27. Flood occurs in a main channel having a trapezoidal section with a

base of 4.5 m. If the channel is designed to carry a mean velocity of
1.2 m/s, determine the discharge capacity of the canal with minimum
seepage where the canal slopes at an angle of 60 degrees.
A. 13.15 m3/s C. 15.13 m3/s
B. 12.27 m /s
3
D. 17.12 m3/s

28. A jet having a diameter of 50 mm and a velocity of 15 m/s is

deflected through an angle of 60 degrees by a curved vane. Determine
the resultant force on the vane if the vane is fixed.
A. 447.91 N C. 449.71 N
B. 414.97 N D. 441.79 N

29. Flow occurs over a spillway whose water is 4 m deep at the downstream
before the spillway and 0.6 m deep on the upstream after the
spillway. Determine the horizontal force of water on the spillway per
meter of spillway length.
A. 41.91 kN C. 41.19 kN
B. 49.11 kN D. 90.41 kN

30. A flat plate of size 3 m by 2 m is immersed in water flowing normal

to the plate with a velocity of 4 m/s. Determine the drag force
acting on the plate if the drag coefficient is 0.5.
A. 2.4 kN C. 4.8 kN
B. 48 kN D. 24 kN
Situation 1

The volume of the soil sample measured before drying is 110 cm3. The wet
weight of soil is 207 g and the dried weight of the soil sample is 163 g.
If the specific gravity of the soil is 2.68, determine the following:

31. Void ratio

A. 0.75 C. 0.98
B. 0.64 D. 0.81

32. Degree of saturation

A. 0.612 C. 0.893
B. 0.438 D. 0.763

33. Dry unit weight at zero air voids

A. 15.25 kN/m3 C. 17.65 kN/m3
B. 19.42 kN/m3 D. 13.84 kN/m3

Situation 2

Water flows through a sand filter as shown in the figure. The soil has a
cross sectional area of 0.25 m2.

kAx = 2.2 x 10-2 cm/s kBx = 1.8 x 10-2 cm/s kCx = 3 x 10-2 cm/s
kAy = 1.8 x 10-3 cm/s kBy = 2.4 x 10-3 cm/s kCy = 3.2 x 10-3 cm/s

34. Compute the permeability of the sand filter in cm/s.

A. 0.0333 C. 0.0223
B. 0.0143 D. 0.0482

35. Compute the flow of water through the soil in liters/sec.

A. 0.03345 C. 0.04823
B. 0.03723 D. 0.05825

36. Compute the interstitial velocity in meters per minute if the soil
has a void ratio of 0.71.
A. 0.0239 m/min C. 0.0193 m/min
B. 0.0172 m/min D. 0.0258 m/min
Situation 3

A cut slope is to be made as shown in the figure. The unit weight of soil
is 15.74 kN/m3 and an angle of friction of 10˚. The soil has a cohesion of
28.8 kN/m2. The trial failure plane makes an angle of 30˚ with the
horizontal while the cut slope makes an angle of 50˚ with the horizontal.
If the height of the slope is 3 m.

37. Compute the force that causes sliding.

A. 31.64 kN C. 32.57 kN
B. 34.91 kN D. 38.66 kN

38. Compute the resistance sliding force.

A. 180.55 kN C. 182.46 kN
B. 178.71 kN D. 189.92 kN

39. Compute the factor of safety against sliding.

A. 5.72 C. 5.75
B. 5.73 D. 5.77

Situation 4

A footing, 2 m x 3 m in plan and 0.50 m thick, is designed to support a

0.60 m square column. Due to architectural requirement, the column is so
located that its external face is flush with the shorter edge of the
footing. The column, however, is located along the minor principal axis of
the footing. The column load, including the weight of the column itself,
is 50 kN. Assume the concrete to weight 24 kN/m3.

40. Evaluate the total downward load on the supporting ground, in kN.
A. 122 C. 221
B. 212 D. 112

41. Evaluate the overturning moment on the footing, in kN-m.

A. 50 C. 70
B. 60 D. 80

42. Evaluate the maximum pressure induced on the supporting soil, in kPa.
A. 33.40 kPa C. 40.33 kPa
B. 34.03 kPa D. 30.44 kPa
Situtation 5

A 4-m diameter circular footing is supporting a water tank. The total

weight of the footing, tank, and its content is 1.60 MN. Given the
Boussinesq’s equation:
σ! = 𝑞𝐼"
1
𝐼" = 1 −
𝑁
$
𝑟 # #
𝑁 = '( + + 1-
𝑧
43. Determine the pressure at the base of the footing.
A. 127.3 kPa C. 136.9 kPa
B. 114.8 kPa D. 142.8 kPa

44. Using the Boussinesq’s equation, what is the increase in pressure at

a depth of 4 meters below the base of the footing?
A. 32.5 kPa C. 36.2 kPa
B. 30.7 kPa D. 28.4 kPa

45. Using the Boussinesq’s equation, at what depth below the base of the
footing is the increase in pressure equal to 1/6 the pressure at the
base of the footing?
A. 5.56 m C. 5.89 m
B. 6.32 m D. 4.89 m

Situation 6

The tank shown has an inside diameter of 10 m and is 7 m high. The tank is
used for storage of oil having a specific gravity of 0.85. The combined
weight of the empty tank and concrete footing is 3500 kN. It is required
to excavate an amount of soil such that it will compensate to the dead
weight of the tank and concrete. Assume that the pressure beneath the
footing is spread at an angle of 2 vertical to 1 horizontal.

46. Determine the required depth of footing in meters.

A. 2.41 C. 2.14 m
B. 2.87 D. 1.98 m

47. What pressure increase is expected at the midheight of the clay layer
when the tank is filled with oil, in kPa?
A. 38.54 C. 30.25
B. 34.59 D. 25.87
48. What is the expected settlement of the clay layer if it is
overconsolidated with OCR = 1.2?
A. 32.1 mm C. 40.5 mm
B. 36.8 mm D. 47.2 mm

49. A soil sample has a specific gravity of 2.5 for its solid grains. It
has a void ratio of 0.40 and a degree of saturation of 40%. Evaluate
the unit weight of the soil, in kN/m3.
A. 18.6 C. 21.6
B. 16.8 D. 19.6

50. The fraction of soils passing which sieve number is used for
Atterberg Limits for soils?
A. 60 C. 50
B. 30 D. 40