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Ece 509 2022-2023

The document outlines the examination structure for the ECE 509: Industrial Electronics course at the Federal University of Technology Owerri for the 2022/2023 Harmattan semester. It includes instructions for answering questions from two sections, with Section A requiring all questions to be answered and Section B allowing for the selection of three questions. The questions cover various topics in industrial electronics, including rectifiers, noise, and thyristors.

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Ikenna Orji
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9 views2 pages

Ece 509 2022-2023

The document outlines the examination structure for the ECE 509: Industrial Electronics course at the Federal University of Technology Owerri for the 2022/2023 Harmattan semester. It includes instructions for answering questions from two sections, with Section A requiring all questions to be answered and Section B allowing for the selection of three questions. The questions cover various topics in industrial electronics, including rectifiers, noise, and thyristors.

Uploaded by

Ikenna Orji
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY OWERRI

ELECTRICAL/ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT


2022/2023 HARMATTAN SEMESTER EXAMINATIONS TIME: 3 Hours.

ECE 509: INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS

INSTRUCTIONS: ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS IN SECTION A AND ANY 3 QUESTIONS FROM


SECTION B.
SECTION A: ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS IN THIS SECTION (40 MARKS)
1. Two advantages of full wave rectifier over half wave rectifier are………………..and ………….
2. The full mean of LASER is ……………………………….and LED is …………………………
3. The solar cell is an active semiconductor device . . a). True. b). false.
4. The difference between n Shot noise and White noise is ………………………
5. Two properties of microwaves are ………………………….and ………………
6. Thyristors are used to control both direct current and alternating currents a). True. b). false.
7. The 4-layer diode is a type of SCR a). True. b). false.
8. The Forward-breakover voltage, VBR(F of SCR is defined as ……………………………
9. Two materials for fabricating LEDs are………………………….and …………………
10. In full wave rectifier, the rectifier efficiency is said to be a). 81.2% b). 48.3% c). 96.5%-
11. The surge current in a capacitor input filter can be limited by ……………………………………..
12. The efficiency of LEDs decreases as the electric current increases. a) True. b) False.
13. The Diode Peak Inverse Voltage (PIV) is said to be ……………………………………………..
14. DIACs and TRIACs are all used at Microwave frequencies. a) True. b) False.
15. Klystron tube can be operated either as an oscillator or as an amplifier at microwave frequencies
a). True. b). false.
16. Laser diodes are used in Communication and Medical equipment. . a) True. b) False.
17. LCD’s consumes more power when compared to CRT and LED. a). True. b). false.
18. Magnetron is a high-power microwave amplifier. a). True. b). false.
19. Waveguides have very low loss at microwave frequencies. a). True. b). false.
20. In about two sentences state the difference between rectifiers and voltage regulators.

SECTION B. ANSWER ONLY THREE QUESTIONS FROM THIS SECTION.


EACH QUESTION CARRIES 20MARKS.

1a. Highlight six important characteristics of a rectifier circuit (3mks)


1b. Derive the following equations for a Halfwave Rectifier:
i. Average D.C load current (IDC ): ii. Average DC load Voltage (EDC): iii. Rectifier Efficiency
2mks each.
1c. Describe with diagram the load current and load voltage waveforms for a halfwave rectifier,
(3mks)
1d. A voltage V = 300 cos 100t is applied to a half wave rectifier, with RL = 5 kΩ. The rectifier may
be represented by ideal diode in series with a resistance of 1kΩ. Calculate
(i). Maximum current (ii) D.C Power (iii) A.C power (iv) Rectifier efficiency (v) ripple
factor. (8 mks)

1
2a. Determine the peak-to-peak ripple voltage and the ripple factor for a bridge rectifier using
capacitor input filter. The load resistance is 2kΩ while the D.C voltage across the load is 12V.
Assume supply frequency to be 50Hz and ideal diodes. The capacitor of 100µF is used in the filter
circuit. (6 mks)
2b. Briefly explain Surge current in a capacitor input filter. State three advantages and four
disadvantages of capacitor input filter. (4mks)
2c. With the aid of a diagram, describe the operation of a capacitor input Filter of a half wave
rectifier. (5mks)
2d. Using Relevant sketches and wave diagrams, explain the principles of a full-wave rectifier.
(5mks)

3a. If the frequency of radio waves is estimates to be 250GHz, derive an expression to show that
thermal noise is independent of frequency. (8mks)
3b. The noise level of a machine A is 90 times more powerful than the least audible sound and the
noise level of machine B is 50 times more powerful than the least audible sound. If the noise level of
machine C is 10 times less powerful than that of machine A, calculate the resultant noise level. (6
mks)
3c. List and explain six possible techniques of noise mitigation. (6 mks)

4a. Noise extends in various forms across the frequency spectrum, although not always in the same
amplitude. Explain. (3 mks)
4b. Given a current of 0.5A, calculate the thermal noise power at room temperature and 50 Ohms
impedance, if the upper and lower limits of the system bandwidth are 5Hz and 1Hz respectively. (5
mks)
4c. Explain the concept of noise temperature. (2 mks)
4d. State the current and the voltage expressions for thermal noise. Hence, show that P=kTB. (10
mks)

5a. State briefly the common characteristics of thyristors. Using a table, show the difference between
transistors and thyristors. (8 mks)
5b. Using the current-voltage characteristic curve of thyristors, explain the following concepts:
Forward-breakover voltage, Holding current, and Gate trigger current. (8 mks)
5c. A resistance of 100k is used to reduce the current flowing to the LED. If circuit has a supply
voltage of 12000mV and allows a current of 0.04A to flow through it, what will be the voltage across
the terminals of the LED. (4 mks).

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