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02-typescript-abstract-classes-overview

An abstract class serves as a blueprint for other classes and cannot be instantiated directly. It can contain abstract methods that must be implemented by its subclasses, such as 'calculateArea()' in the example of a Shape class. Concrete subclasses like Circle and Rectangle must provide implementations for these abstract methods to define specific behaviors.

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6 views

02-typescript-abstract-classes-overview

An abstract class serves as a blueprint for other classes and cannot be instantiated directly. It can contain abstract methods that must be implemented by its subclasses, such as 'calculateArea()' in the example of a Shape class. Concrete subclasses like Circle and Rectangle must provide implementations for these abstract methods to define specific behaviors.

Uploaded by

montadhr.social
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Abstract Classes

Abstract Class

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Abstract Class

• An abstract class represents a general concept

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Abstract Class

• An abstract class represents a general concept

• For example: Shape, Vehicle, Computer, etc …

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Abstract Class

• An abstract class represents a general concept

• For example: Shape, Vehicle, Computer, etc …

• Can't create an instance of an abstract class

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Abstract Class

• An abstract class represents a general concept

• For example: Shape, Vehicle, Computer, etc …

• Can't create an instance of an abstract class

• Abstract class can also have abstract method(s)

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Abstract Class

• An abstract class represents a general concept

• For example: Shape, Vehicle, Computer, etc …

• Can't create an instance of an abstract class

• Abstract class can also have abstract method(s)

• Abstract method must be implemented by concrete subclasses

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Abstract Class Example

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Abstract Class Example

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Abstract Class Example
Abstract class

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Abstract Class Example
Abstract class

Abstract method

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Abstract Class Example
Abstract class
Every Shape subclass
must implement
Abstract method calculateArea()

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Abstract Class Example
Abstract class
Every Shape subclass
must implement
Abstract method calculateArea()

Area of circle
π * r2

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Abstract Class Example
Abstract class
Every Shape subclass
must implement
Abstract method calculateArea()

Area of circle Area of rectangle


π * r2 width * length

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Abstract Class Example

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Abstract Class Example

File: Shape.ts

export abstract class Shape {

// previous code ...

abstract calculateArea(): number;


}

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Abstract Class Example
Mark the class as
abstract
File: Shape.ts

export abstract class Shape {

// previous code ...

abstract calculateArea(): number;


}

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Abstract Class Example
Mark the class as
abstract
File: Shape.ts

export abstract class Shape {

// previous code ...

abstract calculateArea(): number;


}

Abstract method

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Abstract Class Example
Mark the class as
abstract
File: Shape.ts

export abstract class Shape {

// previous code ... File: Rectangle.ts

import { Shape } from './Shape';


abstract calculateArea(): number;
} export class Rectangle extends Shape {

// previous code ...

Abstract method calculateArea(): number {


return this._width * this._length;
}
}

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Abstract Class Example
Mark the class as
abstract
File: Shape.ts

export abstract class Shape {

// previous code ... File: Rectangle.ts

import { Shape } from './Shape';


abstract calculateArea(): number;
} export class Rectangle extends Shape {

// previous code ...

Abstract method calculateArea(): number {


Override the
return this._width * this._length;
calculateArea() method }
}

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Circle

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Circle

File: Shape.ts

export abstract class Shape {

// previous code ...

abstract calculateArea(): number;


}

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Circle

File: Shape.ts

export abstract class Shape { File: Circle.ts

import { Shape } from './Shape';


// previous code ...

export class Circle extends Shape {


abstract calculateArea(): number;
}
// previous code ...

calculateArea(): number {
return Math.PI * Math.pow(this._radius, 2);
}
}

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Circle

File: Shape.ts

export abstract class Shape { File: Circle.ts

import { Shape } from './Shape';


// previous code ...

export class Circle extends Shape {


abstract calculateArea(): number;
}
// previous code ...

calculateArea(): number {
Override the return Math.PI * Math.pow(this._radius, 2);
calculateArea() method }
}

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Circle

File: Shape.ts

export abstract class Shape { File: Circle.ts

import { Shape } from './Shape';


// previous code ...

export class Circle extends Shape {


abstract calculateArea(): number;
}
// previous code ...

calculateArea(): number {
Override the return Math.PI * Math.pow(this._radius, 2);
calculateArea() method }
}

Area of circle
π * r2

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Circle
Math is a built-in object that has properties and methods for
mathematical constants and functions

File: Shape.ts

export abstract class Shape { File: Circle.ts

import { Shape } from './Shape';


// previous code ...

export class Circle extends Shape {


abstract calculateArea(): number;
}
// previous code ...

calculateArea(): number {
Override the return Math.PI * Math.pow(this._radius, 2);
calculateArea() method }
}

Area of circle
π * r2

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Creating an Instance

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Creating an Instance

let myShape = new Shape(10, 15);


console.log(myShape.getInfo());

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Creating an Instance

let myShape = new Shape(10, 15);


console.log(myShape.getInfo());
This will NOT compile since
Shape is an abstract class

Can't create instance of


abstract class directly

Only concrete subclasses:


Circle, Rectangle, …

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Creating an Array of Shapes

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Creating an Array of Shapes
File: ArrayDriver.ts

… …

let myCircle = new Circle(5, 10, 20);


let myRectangle = new Rectangle(0, 0, 3, 7);

// declare an array for shapes … initially empty


let theShapes: Shape[] = [];

// add the shapes to the array


theShapes.push(myCircle);
theShapes.push(myRectangle);

for (let tempShape of theShapes) {


console.log(tempShape.getInfo());
console.log("Area=" + tempShape.calculateArea());
console.log();
}

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Creating an Array of Shapes
File: ArrayDriver.ts

… …

let myCircle = new Circle(5, 10, 20);


let myRectangle = new Rectangle(0, 0, 3, 7);

// declare an array for shapes … initially empty


let theShapes: Shape[] = [];

// add the shapes to the array


theShapes.push(myCircle);
theShapes.push(myRectangle);

for (let tempShape of theShapes) {


console.log(tempShape.getInfo());
console.log("Area=" + tempShape.calculateArea());
console.log();
}

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Creating an Array of Shapes
File: ArrayDriver.ts

… …

let myCircle = new Circle(5, 10, 20);


let myRectangle = new Rectangle(0, 0, 3, 7);

// declare an array for shapes … initially empty


let theShapes: Shape[] = [];

// add the shapes to the array


theShapes.push(myCircle);
theShapes.push(myRectangle);
x=5, y=10, radius=20
for (let tempShape of theShapes) { Area=1256.6370614359173
console.log(tempShape.getInfo());
console.log("Area=" + tempShape.calculateArea()); x=0, y=0, width=3, length=7
console.log(); Area=21
}

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Creating an Array of Shapes
File: ArrayDriver.ts

… …

let myCircle = new Circle(5, 10, 20);


let myRectangle = new Rectangle(0, 0, 3, 7);

// declare an array for shapes … initially empty


let theShapes: Shape[] = [];

// add the shapes to the array


Area of circle
theShapes.push(myCircle);
theShapes.push(myRectangle);
π * r2
x=5, y=10, radius=20
for (let tempShape of theShapes) { Area=1256.6370614359173
console.log(tempShape.getInfo());
console.log("Area=" + tempShape.calculateArea()); x=0, y=0, width=3, length=7
console.log(); Area=21
}

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Creating an Array of Shapes
File: ArrayDriver.ts

… …

let myCircle = new Circle(5, 10, 20);


let myRectangle = new Rectangle(0, 0, 3, 7);

// declare an array for shapes … initially empty


let theShapes: Shape[] = [];

// add the shapes to the array


Area of circle
theShapes.push(myCircle);
theShapes.push(myRectangle);
π * r2
x=5, y=10, radius=20
for (let tempShape of theShapes) { Area=1256.6370614359173
console.log(tempShape.getInfo());
console.log("Area=" + tempShape.calculateArea()); x=0, y=0, width=3, length=7
console.log(); Area=21
}

Area of rectangle
width * length

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