Chapter 1: Basics of Information Technology

Important Short Questions

1. Differentiate between data and information.
2. What is meant by information technology?
3. Write some applications of information technology.
4. Define Digital Convergence.
5. Define system software and define application software.
6. Distinguish between software and hardware.
7. What is the purpose of CPU?
8. What is the use of utility program?
9. Define package software.
10. What do you mean by QWERTY?
11. Define "input device".
12. Enlist some examples of pointing devices.
13. What is light pen?
14. What do you know about pen based system?
15. Identify two alternatives of mouse.
16. How does touch pad work?
17. What is barcode reader?
18. State basic use of mouse.
19. How does trackball work?
20. Why resolution is important for display screen?
21. How does OCR read character?
22. What is plotter?
23. What is video adapter?
24. Differentiate between soft copy output and hard copy output.
25. What is the difference between bit and byte?
26. Convert 240 MB into bytes and kilo bytes.
27. Convert 64 bytes into bits.
28. Convert 512 MB in kilobyte.
29. Convert 256 MB into bytes.
30. Define SDLC.
31. What is physical design in SDLC?
32. Enlist data gathering techniques.
33. What is the use of interviews?
34. Why is it important to test a system before use?
35. Why user training is important in SDLC?

LONG QUESTIONS
1) What is computer? Discuss primary components of computer system.
2) What is software? Describe different types of Software.
3) What are source data entry devices? Explain three mark and character recognition devices.
4) What are pointing devices? Explain any three pointing devices.
5) What is display screen? Explain any two types of display screen.
6) What is impact printer? Explain types of impact printer.
7) What is non-impact printer? Discuss its three different types.
8) What is non-impact printer? Discuss LASER Printer and Inkjet Printer in detail.
 Chapter 2: Information Networks
Important Short Questions
1. Define workgroup computing. Why we use it?
2. What is groupware? / Which software is used in workgroup computing?
3. Describe networking concepts.
4. How are computers in a network connected?
5. What is the purpose of network?
6. Enlist two advantages of computer network.
7. Write two uses of network.
8. Differentiate between client and server.
9. Why server computer is more powerful than client computers?
10. What is dedicated/ client server network?
11. Describe De jure standard and de facto standard.
12. Distinguish between de jure and de facto standard.
13. What is peer to peer model?
14. How does bus topology work?
15. How data is transferred in bus topology?
16. How does tree topology work?
17. Why token is used in ring topology?
18. How tree topology is constructed?
19. Why does collision occur in bus topology?
20. Why terminators are used in bus topology?
21. How do device communicate in bus topology?
22. How does tree topology differs from mesh topology?
23. Define star and ring topology.
24. Define email. Write its two benefits and two limitations.
25. Define the term ARPANET.
26. Define intranet and extranet.
27. Describe File Transfer Protocol (FTP).
28. Define internet.
29. Define the term bridge.
30. Define TCP/IP.
31. How does TCP/IP transmit data?
32. Differentiate between uploading and downloading.
33. How computers are connected in LAN?
34. Which transmission media is used in LAN?
35. What is the purpose of gateway?
36. What do you mean by "Router".
37. What is WAN? Give an example also.
38. Define www.
39. What is telnet?
40. Write two services of application layer of OSI Model.
41. State the functions of network layer.
42. Write two functions of transport layer.
43. Write two functions of presentation layer.
44. Write two functions of session layer.
45. How does SCMA/CD work?
 Chapter 3 Data Communication
Important Short Questions

1. What is data communication?

2. What is encoder?
3. Define signal.
4. Represent analog signal with the help of diagram.
5. Define digital signal.
6. Represent digital signal with the help of diagram
7. Define analog signal. Give examples.
8. Write two characteristics of analog signal.
9. How analog signal differ with digital signal?
10. Describe data representation in computer.
11. Define ASCII Code.
12. Define the term EBCDIC data coding schemes.
13. Differentiate between simplex and half duplex mode.
14. What is parallel transmission?
15. Differentiate between serial transmission and parallel transmission.
16. Compare Asynchronous and Synchronous Transmission.
17. Define Mobile Communication.
18. How does FDM work?
19. Explain the term “Baseband”.
20. Define Bandwidth.
21. Define Broadband.
22. Write two differences between baseband and broadband.
23. How does a modem work?
24. List two features of modem.
25. Define internal modem.
26. Define external modem.
27. Define Modulation and Demodulation.

ESSAY TYPE QUESTIONS

1) Define Data Communication. Explain its four basic components of communication.

2) What is meant by encoding of data? Explain different Coding Schemes to represent data in
computer.
3) Define Data Communication Mode? Explain its types in detail.
4) What is Data Transmission Mode? Explain its types with diagram and examples.
5) What is guided media? Briefly describe different guided media.
6) What is unguided Media? Describe three types of unguided Media.
 Chapter 4 Applications and Uses of Computers
Important Short Questions

1. What is the use of message handling system? _

2. How computers are used in marketing?
3. How computers can be used in Banks?
4. How computers can be used in offices?
5. Give two uses of computer in Medical Field.
6. State the purpose of ATM.
7. Write two benefits of using ATM in banks.
8. Define Reprographics.
9. What do you know about “electronic banking”?
10. Define the term video conferencing.
11. Write four benefits of video conferencing.
12. Explain Computer Aided Design (CAD).
13. DEFINE Computer Based Training (CBT).
14. Write four benefits of CBT.
15. Differentiate between CAD and CAM.
16. Write two benefits of CAL (Computer Aided Learning).
17. How computer can be useful in weather forecasting?
18. What do you know about computer simulation?
19. How computers can be used in airline system?
20. What is online education?
21. Give two roles of E-commerce in our daily life.
22. Define desktop publishing.

Chapter 5 Computer Architecture

Important Short Questions

1. What is Van Neuman computer Model?

2. Describe Computer Architecture.
3. What is CPU? Write its components.
4. List out different units of CPU.
5. Write down the purpose of ALU.
6. What is Control Unit?
7. Write down the activities performed by CU.
8. What do you know about cache memory? OR Write down the function of cache memory. OR How
does cache memory work?
9. Why RAM is used in computer? OR Why is RAM called volatile?
10. How does RAM effect processing?
11. Why RAM is so important?
12. Why DRAM does uses more power?
13. Why SRAM does uses less power? OR Why SRAM is more efficient than DRAM?
14. Differentiate between SRAM and DRAM.
15. Why RAM is called Random Access Memory?
16. What is Static Random Access Memory?
 17. What is ROM?
18. Define PROM and EPROM.
19. Describe the use of control bus?
20. Define System Bus.
21. Define Data Bus.
22. What is bus interconnection?
23. Describe the function of Input/ Output unit.
24. What is DMA?
25. What are Interrupts? How is it generated?
26. State the purpose of CPU Registers.
27. What is the function of stack?
28. What is stack pointer Register?
29. List name of four different/ Segment address Registers.
30. What is program counter (PC)/PC Register?
31. What is the use of Ax and Bx register?
32. Write down the function of Memory Address Registers (MAR).
33. Define General Purpose Registers. List out four general purpose registers.
34. Write the use of Memory Buffer Register.
35. Differentiate between CX and DX register.
36. Why I/O instructions are used?
37. What is data transfer instruction?
38. What is instruction set?
39. What is instruction format?
40. List the name of four address instructions.
41. What is Zero Address Instruction Format?
42. What is the purpose of three address instruction format?
43. How does fetch-decode and execute cycle work?
44. What the purpose of fetch instruction and purpose is of execute instruction?
45. Define an operation system.
46. What is compiler?
47. Differentiate between Source Code and Object Code.
48. Describe High Level Language.
49. Briefly describe Low Level Language.
50. Why does machine Language program execute faster?

ESSAY TYPE QUESTIONS (LONG QUESTIONS)

1) What is computer architecture? Explain different components of computer architecture.

2) What is ROM? Discuss its different types.
3) What is bus interconnection? Describe different types of system buses.
4) What is computer bus? Discuss different types of buses.
5) Define Language Translator? Why Language Translators does are used? Discuss different
types of Language Translator.
6) What is operating system? Explain any six functions of operating system.
 Chapter 06 Security, Copyright and Law
Important Short Questions

1. What are biometrics? OR State the use of biometrics.

2. Explain virus activation in computer. OR How virus damage the computer?
3. Define Pirated software.
4. List some types of viruses.
5. What is boot sector virus?
6. How does a boot sector virus work?
7. Define Chernobyl Virus.
8. Which type of damage is caused by Chernobyl Virus?
9. How Trojan Horse Virus work?
10. What is Antivirus? Name any four antivirus programs.
11. Define the term Backup.
12. Why is backup important?
13. Give four causes of virus. / Describe four ways of spreading virus.
14. Define the purpose of password.
15. Explain data security. / What do you mean by data security?
16. Why is data security important? / What is the importance of data security?
17. What do you mean by security violation?
18. What do you mean by data protection?
19. What is privacy issue?
20. Who is hacker?
21. What do you know about copyright act? OR State the purpose of copyright act.
22. Define Software piracy.

Chapter 7 Windows Operating Systems

Essay Type Questions

1) Define a user interface. Discuss different types of operating systems on the basis of user
interactions.
2) Define GUI and CLI (Command Line Interface) operating system. Compare GUI and CLI in
detail.
3) Discuss different objects of windows operating system.
4) Discuss different features of Windows 2000.
5) What is the purpose of mouse and keyboard? Discuss different events of mouse and
keyboard.
6) What is disk partition? Describe primary and extended partitioning.
 Chapter 8 Word Processing
Important Short Questions

1. Define word processor.

2. Define text editor.
3. List any two uses of Word Processor
4. List two advantages of word processor over type writer.
5. List any four features of simple word processor.
6. Distinguish between cut and copy command.
7. Write shortcut key for cut and copy.
8. What is search and replace option in MS Word.
9. Define macros.
10. State the purpose of mail merge.
11. What is full-featured word processor?
12. List any four features of full-featured word processor.
13. What do you mean by word wrap?
14. What is WYSIWYG?
15. Why thesaurus used in word processing? / What is thesaurus in MS Word?
16. What is font specification?
17. Differentiate between serif and sans-serif font.
18. Write shortcut key to save and print a document.
19. Define font in MS Word. Write down any two font names.
20. State the use of clipboard in MS Word.
21. Describe two typing modes in MS Word.
22. How do insert mode differ from typing mode?
23. Describe “Undo” and “Redo” command in MS word. OR How do undo and redo commands are used?
24. Write shortcut key for undo and redo command.
25. Define header and footer.
26. What is formatting in MS Word?
27. What is paragraph formatting?
28. What is character formatting?
29. State the use of page setup dialogue
30. Distinguish between save and save as option.
31. Write difference between line spacing and paragraph spacing.
32. Define Margins. OR why we use margins of MS-Word document?
33. Define page Margin and page size in MS Word.
34. What is word-art option in MS Word? How can you insert it?
35. List two options of “Alignment” in MS Word.
36. How do you make the selected text bold and italic in MS-Word?
37. How the text can be bold and underlined in MS Word?
38. What is meant by page orientation?
 Chapter 9 Spreadsheet Software
Important Short Questions
1. What is Spreadsheet?
2. List two benefits of spreadsheet.
3. Differentiate between Spreadsheet and workbook.
4. What is 3D sheet in MS Excel?
5. What is cell? Describe its purpose.
6. What is Active Cell?
7. What is Passive Cell?
8. What is difference between Active and Passive Cell?
9. Can you enter data in passive cell?
10. Name two states of a Cell in Worksheet.
11. What is use of wrap text in MS-Excel?
12. Write one difference between Labels and values in worksheet.
13. What is meant by cell reference?
14. What do you understand the term Name Ranges?
15. What is cell address?
16. What is meant by absolute referencing in spreadsheet?
17. Write relative referencing with an example in worksheet.
18. How would you compare relative and absolute referencing?
19. What is formula? How formula is used in MS- Excel?
20. What are functions in MS- EXCEL?
21. List any four functions of MS EXCEL.
22. Differentiate between formula and function?
23. Define chart.
24. Name two types of charts used in MS-EXCEL.
25. Write a function to add values in cell D1 to D10 in MS Excel. Ans: =SUM (D1:D10)
26. Write a formula to find percentage when total is in A2 and obtained marks is in B6. Ans: =(B6/A2)*100
27. Write down formula for calculating average of three numbers. Ans: =AVERAGE(n1+ n2 +n3)
28. Write formula to calculate sum of three numbers. Ans: =sum(number1+ number2 + number3)
29. Write a formula to add values in the cells B4, B5, B6. Ans: =B4+B5+B6
30. Write a function that returns the maximum number from cells B2 to B10. Ans: =max(B2:B10)
31. Write a function that returns the minimum number from cells B2 to B10. Ans: =min(B2:B10)
32. Write a function that returns the square root of cell B5. Ans: =SQRT(B5)
34. Write an excel function to add values in Cells B5 to B10. Ans: =SUM(B5:B10)
35. Write a formula to add the values in the Cells A1, B1, and C1. Ans: =A1+B2+C1

Chapter 10 Fundamentals of the Internet

Essay Type questions
1) What do you mean by addressing scheme? How many addressing schemes are used on
the Internet? Briefly describe.
2) What is Email? How does it work? Describe Email attachment and email address.
3) List out some limitations/ disadvantages of email.
4) How the use of internet affecting society? Give your comments.

Important Note: This Guess Material has been prepared according to The Computer Studies Part-I
Pairing Scheme 2025 and for CS Part-I Students. It should only be prepared for intermediate
annual exam 2025.