Power System-I Class/Branch: T.E.(electrical) Experiment No: Title: Formulation sf calculation of Ybus matrix using software. Roll No:___ Batch:__ _ Date of Performance:__/__/____ Date of Assessment /_S- Particulars Attendance (05) Performance (05) Understanding (05) Journal (05) Total (20) Signature of Staff Member Department of Electrical Engineering ZES's DCOER, Pune-411041 PagetExperiment No:5 Title: Calculation of Yous Ai To determine the Yous of given power system. Prerequisites: * Network theory «Formation of bus matrices. Objectives: + To be able to calculate Ybus of given power system. Theory: Bus incidence matrix and Formation of Ysus: Consider a three bus system with series and charging impedances as shown in Figure Bust Bus 2 Fig. A three bus system This can be converted into a network diagram taking ground as a reference as shown in following figure. Department of Electrical Engineering, ZES's DCOER, Pune-411041 Page2Power System-IL Class/Branch: T.E.(electrical) ererence "0 Bus Fig. Network impedance diagram of a three bus system Rererence Fig. Network admittance diagram of a three bus system The oriented network graph can be plotted as shown in Fig. 9, in which the direction of current flow is towards ground. In oriented network graph the current source acts as open circuit. no ° Fig. Oriented network graph The branch voltage between bus 1 and reference bus 0 is VieVo-Vi=-Vi Similarly branch voltage between bus 2 and bus 3 with respect to reference bus is Department of Electrical Engineering ZES's DCOER, Pune-411041 Page3Power Syster given by, V20=Vo-V2" V30=Vo-V: The above equation can be written in matrix form as : Vio] p-1 0 0 Veo) JO 1 0 |r, Vsol_}0 0 1 Vaf-}1 -1 0 ("| © Vag o 1 1; Val 1 0 =1. The above matrix can be written into compact matrix form as [Vs]=[A][Vous} Q) Where A= Bus incidence matrix. -1 0 0 0 -1 0 0 0 -1 Aly yo @) oo. -1 1 0 -1 ‘The dimension of bus incidence matrix is (number of branches X number of tree). Now let us develop the relation between bus voltages and bus currents. For branch b current can be written as : YVpFleJo (4) ‘The voltage source can be converted into constant current source as Jo= VY (5) Substituting equation (2) into equation (4) YAVous= h-Jo (6) Multiplying AT on both side of above equation ATV gus = AT ly ~ A" ly ” According to Kirchhoff's law sum of currents at any node of bus is zero. Hence ATs And =A J, is the bus current Isus. 0 O} Inus=-ATJy, ~ Substituting equation (8) and (9) into equation (7) ATYVpus = Ins (10) Hence in generalized form Inus can be written as Tous = YeusVeus (ay) Where Yous = ATYA (2) For above three bus system Y can be written as Department of Electrical Engineering, ZES's DCOER, Pune-411041 PagetClass/Branch: T.E.(electrical) coc] ecoce (13) 00 ya 0 0.0 0 Yar From equation (3), (12) and (13) YBUS can be calculated as yo 0 0 0 0 OV-1 0 0 yoo +0 0 00 Oo = 0 YoecJo “1 0-11 0 00 yx © 0 Off/0 oO -1 elo 0 1 0 -1 al] 9 9 8 Ye 0 Off t -1 0 00 0.0 yx offo 1 1 00 0 0 O ytht 0 =1 paz + ¥s1 + Yio Yn “Ys Yeus Viz Viz + Yas + Y20 —Y23 | (14) Vis =Yos Jost Vay + Yso. Yu Ye Ys Yous = fs Yes Yes) (15) Ya Yao Yas. ‘The admittance Yii is called self or driving point admittance of node the sum of all admittances connected to node or bus ''. The term Yik is called mutual or transfer impedance connected between node 'i' and node 'k' and it is equal to negative sum of all admittances connected between node | and node 'k’ Advantages of Bus Admittance Matrix YBUS in load flow analysis: 1. Data preparation is simple 2. Its formation and modification is easy 3. Since the most elements of bus admittance matrix are zero, the computer 4, Memory requirements for large power system are less. Generally 90% off- diagonal elements of YBUS matrix are zero. ‘Computation of YBUS is easy. 6. Once the YBUS is formed the bus impedance matrix can be calculate as [Zeus] = Yeus]* (16) 2 PROCEDURE: 1. Solve the given problem. 2. Do the program in MATLAB and verify the result. NUMERICAL: For following power system, calculate the Ybus. Department of Electrical Engineering ZES's DCOER, Pune-411041 PagesPower System-I Class/Branch: T.E.(electrical) PROGRAM! % Formation of bus admittance matrix clear all cle nput (‘Enter the number of buses: ") yezeros (n,n); for i=ita for jeimn he issj disp (i) disp (3) z(i,j)=input ("Enter the impedance value between the lines *) 23,3)82 (4,37 ble (i, 3)=input ("Enter the half line charge value:') ble (3, Hebe (i, 3) end end end ‘Input! aisp (2); for ielin for jeiin if 2,3) yy d)=-1/265 end OG, Dav de if inj vii, Hay, i -yG,jyente (4, 3): end end end Gisp (‘Admittance matrix") disp ty) CONCLUSION: QUESTIONS: 1) How are buses classified? 2) What is meant by singular transformation? 3) What is difference between Zbus and Ybus? Department of Electrical Engineering, ZES's DCOER, Pune-411041 Page6Power System-I Class/Branch: T.E.(electrical) 4) The most common buses in the power system are buses. 5) The angle 6 at the slack bus is assumed to be 6) A generator bus is a bus. 7) If anew line is added between bus 1 and 3, which elements of Ybus are affected? 8) Explain the terms bus incidence matrix and primitive network. Department of Electrical Engineering, ZES's DCOER, Pune-411041 Page7