HTML5 mostly asked interview questions

ChatGPT said:

ChatGPT

Here’s a list of commonly asked HTML5 interview questions categorized by basic,

intermediate, and advanced levels:

Basic Level:

1.

What is HTML5? How is it different from HTML4?

HTML5 is the latest version of HTML, offering new features like semantic
elements, multimedia support, and APIs. It removes deprecated tags like
<font> and improves browser compatibility.

2.
3.

What are the new semantic elements in HTML5?

4.
1. <header>
2. <footer>
3. <article>
4. <section>
5. <aside>
6. <nav> These elements improve code readability and SEO.
5.

What is the purpose of the <canvas> element?

The <canvas> element is used for drawing graphics, animations, and
visualizations via JavaScript.

6.
7.

How is the <audio> tag used in HTML5?

Example:

8.
9.

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 10.
11.

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12.
13.

<audio controls>
<source src="audiofile.mp3"
type="audio/mpeg"></audio>

14.
15.
16.

What is the difference between <b> and <strong> or <i> and <em>?

17.

1. <b> and <i> are for styling only (bold and italic).
2. <strong> and <em> add semantic meaning (strong importance and emphasis).

Intermediate Level:

1.

What are web storage options in HTML5?

2.

1. Local Storage: Stores data with no expiration.

2. Session Storage: Stores data for a session (data cleared on tab/browser close).

3.

Explain the difference between cookies and localStorage/sessionStorage.

4.

1. Cookies are sent with every server request and have size limitations.
2. localStorage/sessionStorage are client-side only and allow larger storage.

5.

What are the new input types in HTML5?

 6.

1. email
2. number
3. date
4. datetime-local
5. range
6. color
Example:

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<input type="email" placeholder="Enter your email">

7.

How does HTML5 support responsive design?

8.

1. <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,

initial-scale=1.0">
2. Semantic elements
3. Media queries via CSS.

9.

What is the purpose of the <datalist> element?

The <datalist> element provides autocomplete functionality for <input>
elements.
Example:

10.

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<input list="browsers"><datalist id="browsers">
<option value="Chrome">
<option value="Firefox"></datalist>

Advanced Level:

1. What is the purpose of the <picture> element?

The <picture> element is used for responsive images, allowing different images based on
screen size or resolution.
Example:

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<picture>
<source media="(min-width: 800px)" srcset="large.jpg">
<img src="default.jpg" alt="Description"></picture>

1. What are custom data attributes in HTML5?

Custom attributes start with data- and are used to store custom data.
Example:

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<div data-id="123" data-name="Rupa"></div>

1. What is the difference between <script> with and without the defer/async
attribute?

 defer: Executes scripts in order after the HTML document is fully parsed.
 async: Executes scripts immediately as they are downloaded.

1.

What is the use of the <template> element?

The <template> element holds reusable HTML content that is not rendered
until activated via JavaScript.

2.
3.

What APIs does HTML5 introduce?

4.

 Geolocation API
 WebSockets API
 Drag and Drop API
 Web Workers
 Offline Storage with IndexedDB

Would you like detailed examples or explanations for any of these?

4o

You said:

yes
ChatGPT said:

ChatGPT
Great! Please let me know which specific question you'd like a detailed explanation or
example for, and I'll elaborate. If you'd prefer, I can go through each one step-by-step.

4o

You said:

give me experienced interview questions

ChatGPT said:

ChatGPT

Here’s a list of HTML5 interview questions for experienced candidates:

Advanced & Experienced Level Questions:

1.

How does the <canvas> element differ from the <svg> element?

2.

o Discuss performance differences, scalability, and use cases for bitmap vs. vector
graphics.

3.

Explain the <shadow-root> and the concept of Shadow DOM in HTML5.

How does it help in web development?

4.

o How Shadow DOM encapsulates styles and DOM structure in Web Components.

5.

What is the difference between <section> and <div>? When would you
use each?

6.

o Focus on semantics and accessibility in HTML5.

7.

How does HTML5 handle offline web applications?

 8.

o Explain the use of manifest files (deprecated) and modern techniques like Service
Workers and IndexedDB.

9.

How do you optimize HTML5 for better SEO and accessibility?

10.

o Discuss semantic tags, ARIA roles, and microdata for structured content.

11.

What is the purpose of the srcset attribute in the <img> tag? How does it
improve performance?

12.

o Explain responsive images, pixel density descriptors, and width descriptors.

13.

How does the contenteditable attribute work in HTML5?

14.

o Example of creating editable regions in web pages and its use in CMS.

15.

What are Web Workers, and how do they enhance performance in

HTML5 applications?

16.

o Discuss running scripts in background threads and avoiding UI thread blocking.

17.

Explain how the Geolocation API works in HTML5. What are the key
methods?

18.

o Example: getCurrentPosition() and watchPosition().

19.
 What is the difference between localStorage and IndexedDB? When
would you use each?

20.

o Compare their use cases for simple key-value pairs vs. complex structured data.

Scenario-Based Questions:

1.

How would you create a custom modal component using HTML5 and
CSS3 without JavaScript?

2.

o Expect to explain the use of <dialog> and CSS features like :target.

3.

Describe how you would use HTML5 to build a progressive web app
(PWA).

4.

o Discuss manifest files, Service Workers, and the offline-first approach.

5.

How would you implement drag-and-drop functionality using HTML5?

6.

o Discuss attributes like draggable, events like dragstart, dragover, and

drop.

7.

What challenges might you face when using the <iframe> element in
modern web development?

8.

o Focus on cross-origin issues, performance implications, and accessibility.

9.

How would you optimize the rendering of a complex HTML5 web page?
 10.

o Topics to cover: lazy loading, responsive design, efficient use of <script> tags
with defer/async, and performance audits.

Problem-Solving & Coding Questions:

1.

Write HTML5 code for a responsive navigation bar.

Expect to use <nav>, <ul>, and responsive techniques with the <meta>
viewport tag.

2.
3.

Create a reusable HTML5 template for displaying user profiles.

4.

o Explain how to use the <template> element and populate it with JavaScript.

5.

How would you ensure cross-browser compatibility for new HTML5

features?

6.

o Discuss polyfills, feature detection, and libraries like Modernizr.

7.

How do you secure sensitive data rendered in HTML5 forms?

8.

o Cover HTTPS, autocomplete="off", and input validation techniques.

9.

What considerations would you take when embedding multimedia

(audio/video) for accessibility?

10.

o Discuss captions (<track>), fallback content, and ARIA attributes.

Let me know which question you'd like to dive into!

4o

You said:

more
ChatGPT said:

ChatGPT

Here’s an extended list of HTML5 interview questions for experienced

professionals to challenge your expertise further:

Conceptual Questions:

1.

How does the <meta charset="UTF-8"> tag benefit modern HTML5

applications?

2.

o Discuss encoding standards and preventing issues with special characters.

3.

What is the difference between <link> and <a> in HTML?

4.

o Focus on their purpose (resource linking vs. navigation).

5.

What is the difference between <output> and <label> elements?

6.

o Explain their roles in form accessibility and data display.

7.

Explain HTML5’s support for WebSockets and its significance.

 8.

o Describe real-time communication, low latency, and examples like chat apps.

9.

What is the purpose of the sandbox attribute in an <iframe>?

10.

o Discuss how it enhances security by restricting actions like running scripts.

Advanced API Usage Questions:

1.

Explain the difference between requestAnimationFrame() and

traditional JavaScript timers.

2.

o Discuss how it improves performance in animations on the web.

3.

What are HTML5 custom elements? How do you define and use them?

4.

o Example of defining custom elements with <script> and using the

customElements.define() API.

5.

How do you implement speech recognition in HTML5?

6.

o Discuss the Web Speech API and methods like SpeechRecognition.start().

7.

What is the Fetch API, and how does it improve over XHR in HTML5?

o Key improvements: promises-based, cleaner syntax, and advanced

request/response handling.

How can the Fullscreen API be used in HTML5?

 o Example: making an element fullscreen using
element.requestFullscreen().

Optimization and Performance Questions:

How does lazy loading work for images and iframes in HTML5?

o Explain the loading="lazy" attribute and its impact on performance.

What are critical rendering paths, and how can you optimize them in
HTML5?

o Cover how HTML, CSS, and JavaScript are parsed and how to minimize render-
blocking.

Explain prefetching and preloading in HTML5.

o Difference between <link rel="prefetch"> (future resources) and <link

rel="preload"> (current page optimization).

What are service workers in HTML5, and how do they work?

o Discuss caching strategies like cache-first, network-first, and their role in PWAs.

How would you optimize a large HTML5 table for better performance?

o Strategies like virtual scrolling, lazy rendering, and column filtering.

Security and Best Practices:

What security issues can arise from embedding third-party scripts in

HTML5?

o Cover Cross-Site Scripting (XSS), Content Security Policy (CSP), and sandboxing.

What is the rel attribute in <a> tags? Explain the significance of

noopener and noreferrer.

o Preventing tab hijacking and avoiding referrer leaks.

How does HTML5 mitigate cross-origin issues?

o Cover CORS (Cross-Origin Resource Sharing) and <iframe> policies.

How can ARIA attributes enhance accessibility in HTML5 applications?

o Examples: role="button", aria-live, and aria-label.

 Explain how content negotiation works in HTML5 and its significance.

o How servers deliver content based on the Accept header and browser
preferences.

Problem-Solving & Scenario-Based:

How would you implement a real-time data update using HTML5 APIs?

o Discuss Server-Sent Events (SSE) or WebSockets.

How do you handle browser-specific HTML5 features gracefully?

o Explain feature detection with Modernizr and progressive enhancement.

How would you design a drag-and-drop file upload interface in HTML5?

o Example using ondrop and DataTransfer objects.

How would you implement an infinite scroll in a web page?

o Combine HTML5 lazy loading, Intersection Observer API, and event listeners.

How do you make forms more secure and user-friendly in HTML5?

o Input types, validation (required, pattern), and sanitization techniques.

Debugging & Troubleshooting:

How would you debug rendering issues caused by HTML5 semantic tags?

o Steps to identify problems using browser developer tools.

What do you do when HTML5 audio/video does not play in a specific

browser?

o Troubleshoot codec support, MIME types, and fallback mechanisms.

How would you debug cross-browser layout inconsistencies in HTML5?

o Use browser developer tools, testing tools, and conditional comments.

How do you troubleshoot performance bottlenecks in an HTML5 page?

o Profile with browser dev tools, optimize DOM rendering, and reduce HTTP requests.

What would you do if a service worker failed to cache resources?

o Debug caching strategies, inspect logs, and verify scope and lifecycle.