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Embedded_System_ARM_Development_Tools

The document outlines formal methods for embedded system design, including finite state machines, data flow graphs, and hardware description languages. It describes structural and behavioral descriptions of systems, exemplified by a digital blood pressure monitoring system. Additionally, it details the USB standard for device communication and the ARM development toolchain process from source code to debugging and execution.

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Devika B Nair
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10 views3 pages

Embedded_System_ARM_Development_Tools

The document outlines formal methods for embedded system design, including finite state machines, data flow graphs, and hardware description languages. It describes structural and behavioral descriptions of systems, exemplified by a digital blood pressure monitoring system. Additionally, it details the USB standard for device communication and the ARM development toolchain process from source code to debugging and execution.

Uploaded by

Devika B Nair
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Embedded System Design and ARM Development Tools

Formalisms for System Design

Formalisms in embedded system design are structured methods for modeling and analyzing systems.

1. Finite State Machines (FSMs): Used to model systems with a limited number of defined states and

transitions.

2. Data Flow Graphs (DFGs): Represent the flow of data between operations, commonly used in DSP

applications.

3. Petri Nets: Useful for modeling concurrent and distributed systems.

4. Statecharts: Extend FSMs with hierarchy, concurrency, and communication.

5. Synchronous Languages (e.g., Esterel, Lustre): Focus on deterministic control flow, used in safety-critical

systems.

6. Hardware Description Languages (HDLs): VHDL and Verilog, used to design and simulate digital

hardware.

Structural Description

Structural description focuses on the composition of a system in terms of interconnected components. Each

component is a black box with defined inputs and outputs.

Example: Describing a CPU by interconnecting the ALU, registers, and control unit.

Behavioral Description

Behavioral description specifies how a system behaves or functions over time, without detailing the structural

composition.

Example: An algorithm that describes how an input is processed to generate output, like sorting or signal

filtering.

An Embedded System Design Example

Example: Digital Blood Pressure Monitoring System


Embedded System Design and ARM Development Tools

- Sensors detect systolic and diastolic pressures.

- Microcontroller processes signals using ADC and filtering.

- LCD displays pressure readings.

- Wireless module (e.g., Bluetooth) transmits data to a mobile app.

- Powered by a battery, with power-saving sleep modes.

USB Bus

USB (Universal Serial Bus) is a standard for communication between devices and a host controller (usually a

computer).

Key Features:

- Supports plug-and-play and hot-swapping.

- Provides power to connected devices.

- Transfer Modes: Control, Bulk, Interrupt, Isochronous.

- USB 2.0, 3.0, and 3.1 define different bandwidths (up to 10 Gbps).

- Uses a tiered star topology with a root hub.

USB Protocol Layers:

1. Physical Layer: Electrical signaling and cabling.

2. Link Layer: Data encoding and transmission reliability.

3. Protocol Layer: Framing and error handling.

ARM Development Tools

The ARM development toolchain, as shown in the diagram, includes several stages:

1. Source Code:

- C Source & C Libraries: Standard C code for functionality.

- ASM Source: Assembly code, optionally included for optimization.

2. Compilation:
Embedded System Design and ARM Development Tools

- The C Compiler compiles C code into `.aof` (ARM Object Format).

- The Assembler converts ASM source into `.aof`.

3. Linking:

- The Linker merges `.aof` files and object libraries into `.aif` (ARM Image Format).

- Debug information is embedded.

4. Debugging and Execution:

- ARMsd (ARM Symbolic Debugger) is used to load `.aif` files for debugging.

- Can execute on:

a. ARMulator: A software emulator simulating an ARM processor.

b. Development Board: A physical board where the compiled code is run.

5. System Model:

- Works alongside ARMulator to model hardware-software interaction.

ARM Development Toolchain Diagram

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