Introduction To Support Vector Machines SVM
Uploaded by
Pon SaravananIntroduction To Support Vector Machines SVM
Uploaded by
Pon SaravananIntroduction to Support
Vector Machines (SVM)
Support Vector Machines (SVMs) are supervised learning models. They
perform classification and regression tasks. SVMs were developed at
Bell Labs in the 1990s by Vapnik et al. The core idea is maximizing the
margin between classes.
SVMs find the optimal hyperplane. They are used in image classification,
text categorization, and bioinformatics.
Hyperplanes and Margins
Hyperplane Margin
A hyperplane is a decision boundary. It separates data The margin is the distance. It is between the hyperplane
points of different classes. and the closest data points, called support vectors.
The goal is to maximize the margin. This improves generalization and robustness.
Support Vectors: The Key to
SVM
Definition Importance
Support vectors are data SVM uses support vectors
points. They lie closest to only. They define the
the hyperplane. decision boundary.
Robustness
SVM is insensitive. It is to data points far from the margin.
Linear SVM: Math Behind
the Margin
Objective Function Constraints
Maximize margin width (2 / Ensure correct classification.
||w||). w is the weight vector. y_i(w^T x_i + b) >= 1.
Optimization
Use quadratic programming. Find optimal w and b.
Non-Linear SVM: The Kernel
Trick
Problem Solution Kernel Functions
Linear SVM fails with Map data to higher Polynomial, RBF,
non-linear data. dimensions. Use a Sigmoid are options.
kernel function.
SVM in Practice:
Applications
1 Image Classification
Identify objects in images. Example: MNIST dataset.
2 Text Categorization
Classify documents. Example: Sentiment analysis.
3 Bioinformatics
Predict protein function. Use gene expression data.
Advantages and Disadvantages of SVM
1 2
Advantages Disadvantages
Effective in high dimensions. Overfitting is possible.
Memory efficient. Not for large datasets.
Versatile Kernel functions. Tuning is challenging.
Conclusion
1 Powerful algorithm
2 Key concepts
3 Wide applications
SVM is versatile for classification and regression. It uses hyperplanes, margins, support vectors, and the kernel trick.
Consider parameter tuning and data preprocessing.
