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Renewable Energy Deployment and Policy Frameworks For Decarbonization

This study analyzes the rapid growth of renewable energy, highlighting a record addition of 585 GW in 2024 and projecting a total of 5,500 GW by 2030, primarily driven by solar and wind. Despite positive trends, current policies are falling short of COP28 goals, necessitating significant infrastructure improvements, including 25 million km of new grid lines and 1,500 GW of storage. Achieving these targets will require coordinated policy actions and investment to overcome existing barriers and ensure deep decarbonization.

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16 views2 pages

Renewable Energy Deployment and Policy Frameworks For Decarbonization

This study analyzes the rapid growth of renewable energy, highlighting a record addition of 585 GW in 2024 and projecting a total of 5,500 GW by 2030, primarily driven by solar and wind. Despite positive trends, current policies are falling short of COP28 goals, necessitating significant infrastructure improvements, including 25 million km of new grid lines and 1,500 GW of storage. Achieving these targets will require coordinated policy actions and investment to overcome existing barriers and ensure deep decarbonization.

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adrianjudebl
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Study 12: Renewable Energy Deployment and Policy Frameworks for Decarbonization,

This study examines the global expansion of renewable power capacity, evaluates policy
ambitions versus reality, and identifies the technological and infrastructural enablers—and
barriers—to tripling renewable energy by 2030. Key findings show that renewables added a
record 585 GW in 2024, accounting for over 90 % of net power capacity growth (IRENA);
projections indicate 5 500 GW of new capacity by 2030 (a 2.7× increase) (Climate Action),
enough to supply nearly half of global electricity demand by then (IIGCC). China is set to
deliver nearly 60 % of these additions (The Guardian), while emerging markets in Asia drive
most of the near‐term buildout (Reuters). Yet even with this growth, the UN’s COP28 goal to
triple capacity falls short without faster grid expansion—25 million km of new lines—and 1 500
GW of storage by 2030 (Reuters).

Introduction
The deployment of renewable energy—primarily solar PV and wind—is central to decarbonizing
power systems and meeting global climate targets. In 2024, renewables achieved record annual
growth, signaling a structural shift away from fossil fuels (IRENA). Governments agreed at
COP28 to triple global renewable capacity by 2030, recognizing that renewable‐driven electricity
will underpin deep emission cuts in all sectors (International Energy Agency). However,
realizing this ambition hinges on overcoming policy, infrastructure, and financing hurdles.

Literature Review
Capacity Trends

IRENA reports that 585 GW of renewables were added in 2024, representing 92.5 % of total
capacity expansion—the highest share ever recorded (IRENA). The IEA’s Renewables 2024
edition forecasts 5 500 GW of additional capacity by 2030, nearly triple the 2017–2023 increase
(Climate Action). This growth is dominated by solar PV and wind, projected to account for 95 %
of new installations (Responsible Alpha).

Policy Ambitions vs. Implementation

Despite these positive trends, the IEA warns that current policy frameworks fall about 25 % short
of COP28 objectives (IIGCC). While around 70 countries are on track to meet or exceed their
renewable targets, the aggregate global trajectory still underdelivers on the tripling pledge
(Reuters).

Regional Leadership

China alone will contribute nearly 60 % of all new renewable capacity through 2030, propelled
by declining technology costs and strong policy support (The Guardian). Emerging economies,
particularly in Asia, led renewable additions in 2024, with 700 GW of capacity growth—80 % of
low‐emission power expansion (Reuters).
Methodology
This assessment synthesizes data from:

1. IEA Renewables 2024—for forecasts and policy analysis (International Energy Agency).
2. IRENA Renewable Capacity Statistics 2025—for observed capacity additions
(IRENA).
3. Reuters and The Guardian reports—for regional case studies and investment trends
(Reuters, The Guardian).

Results
 Annual Additions: 585 GW in 2024, up 15.1 % year-on-year, and 92.5 % of new power
capacity (IRENA).
 2030 Forecast: 5 500 GW of new capacity by decade’s end, a 2.7× increase over 2017–
2023 (Climate Action).
 Electricity Share: Renewable generation will meet almost 50 % of global electricity
demand by 2030 (IIGCC).
 Regional Breakdown: China accounts for ~60 % of new builds, with Asia’s emerging
markets leading growth (The Guardian).

Discussion
While the pace of deployment is unprecedented, systemic barriers remain. Grid integration
requires construction of roughly 25 million km of transmission lines by 2030 to accommodate
intermittent resources and connect remote projects (Reuters). Similarly, 1 500 GW of energy
storage capacity must come online to manage variability and ensure reliability (Reuters). Policy
improvements—streamlined permitting, flexible markets, and targeted incentives—are critical to
accelerate project delivery and investment flows (SolarQuarter).

Conclusion
Renewable energy expansion is on a historic trajectory, yet current ambitions risk undershooting
the COP28 tripling goal. Achieving full potential will require coordinated policy action to scale
grids and storage, mobilize finance in emerging markets, and prioritize integration measures.
Only by addressing these infrastructural and regulatory challenges can renewables deliver the
deep decarbonization needed to meet global climate commitments.

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