* Think Academy NMOS Booklet A @ some s-digit even numbers contain 3 different digits from 0,1,2,8,4,5,and 6, such as 320 or 756. Find the amount of all those 3-digit even numbers. En the unit digit is 0, then there will be 6 choices for hundreds digit choices for tens digit and there are 6 x 5 — 30 different numbers. If the unit digit is 24 or 6, then there will be 4 choices for hundreds digit, 4 choices for tens digit and there are 3 x 6 x 5 = 75 different numbers In total there are 105 different numbers. @Q) there are 7 cards on a table with a single digit of 0,1,2,314,5 and 6 on each of them. Some 3-digit even numbers can be formed by 3 cards among them, such as 320 or 756. Find the amount of all those 3-digit even numbers. (Specially, the card with digit 6 can be reversed and used as 9). SSEHIAs 6 can be used as either 6 or 9, we can make some discussions. a.If 6 is used as 6, this is the same question as Q1. igit is 0, then there will be 6 choices for hundreds digit,5 choices for tens digit and there are 6 x 5 = 30 different numbers. If the unit digit is 24 or 6, then there will be 4 choices for hundreds digit, 4 choices for tens digit and there are 3 x 5 x 5 = 75 different numbers. In total there are 105 different numbers.* Think Academy b. IF 6 is used as 9 and is actually used, then 9 can be on either hundreds or tens digit. If 9s on the hundreds digit, then no matter the unit digit is 0, 2 or 4, there will always be 5 choices for tens digit and there are 3 x 5 = 15 If gis on the tens digit, then if the unit digit is 0, then there will be 5 choices for hundreds digit. However, if the unit digit is 2 or 4 there will be only 4 choices for hundreds digit and there are 5 +4 x 2 = 18 different numbers. In total there are 28 different numbers. As above, there are 133 different numbers that can be formed. @9¥ Find the number of triangles in the picture below. ia 32 ERITH we removed two vertical lines,there will obviously be 12 triangles. Each of the two vertical lines helps to form 10 different triangles. So the total number is 12+ 10 x =32 Qi kind the number of rectangles in the picture below* Think Academy =: EE: an1 x 3 rectangle, the left-top corner and the right-top corner each contains 6 different rectangles. Another 3 new rectangles are formed when the top two corner formed together. The bottom rectangle itself and the whole are the remaining rectangles. In total there ares x 2+3+2=17 QWarny, Brooks, cathy, Donny and Eason are assigned to drive five different cars named A,B,C,D and E. If Car @ can only be driven by Donny, Car A can only be driven by Amy or Brooks and neither Donny nor Eason can drive Car £, find the number of different ways to assign them, =: FEI there are only 1 choice for Car ¢, 2 for 4,2 for B, 2 for B and 1 for Din order. 1x2x2x2x1=8 Q® Professor Li needs 2 French speaker and 2 Chinese speaker as translators. If Amy, Brooks and Cathy can speak French, Donny, Eason and Frank can speak Chinese, George and Hilton can speak both, find the number of different ways for Professor Lito pick up the four people he need* Think Academy = FBIM we randomly choose 4 students from 8, there are $7 8% 5 Txdxaxd However, if the choice is Amy, Brooks, Cathy and any one of the remaining $5S, = 70 different ways. there will be only one french-speakers. So those $5$ choices do not fit For the same reason, the 5 choices that contains Donny, Eason Frank and any other do not fit. Other choices can always fit the need. So there are 70 — 5 x 2 = 60 different ways to fit. a Find the number of 9s in all the natural numbers that do not exceed 1000 (For example, 929 contains 2 9s) = FRIED very natural number between 0 and 999 can be written in a 3-digit form where 123, represents 123 and 012 represents 12. Therefore, if such a 3-digit number has a 9 on its single digit, its tens and hundreds digit can be from 09 independently. So there are 10 x 10 = 100 different numbers with a 9 on single digit, and therefore the number 9 occurs 100 times on the single digit. For the same reason, 9 occurs 100 times on both the tens digit and the hundreds digit. The total number of 9s is 300. @¥ Find the amount of all 4-digit numbers that are formed only by digit 2.0 and 3, and each of those appears at least once.* Think Academy FEED there are a different cases a. The 4-digit numbers are formed by 2,2,0,3. In this case, there are 3 choices for number 0, 3 for number 3 in all 4 digits in order. The number 2s will automatically fill the remaining digits. 9 different numbers can be formed in total. a. The 4-digit numbers are formed by 2, 0,3,3 This case is actually the same as a. c., The 4-digit numbers are formed by 2, 0, 0, 3 In this case, there are $ choices for the two number 0s, 2 for number 3 and 1 for number 2 in order. 6 different numbers can be formed in total. In total there are 9 +9 +6 = 24 different numbers. QV the diagram below contains 9 circles, each should be filled with a number while numbers in two adjacent circles cannot be the same. One of them is already filled with 3 and the remaining eight should be filled with one 1, two 2s, two 3s and three 4s. Find the number of ways to fill the diagram. Answer fy FEI] the two 3s can only be filled in left-bottom and right-bottom corners The three 4s can only be filled exactly one circle apart from another in the middle hexgon area and thus there are only 2 different ways to fill The one 1 can be filled in any of the 3 remaining circles, with the two 2s filling the remaining blank. There are 1x 2x3 different ways.* Think Academy @ As shown below, 4 vertical and 4 horizontal streets divide the city into 9 square blocks, each of which contains a bias shortcut across. Amy wants to travel from A to B, moving only upwards or to the right on the street and going through the shortcuts only once. Find the number of different paths for her. B A =. En: steps are needed to travel from A to B: 2 moves towards right,2 upwards and 1 towards right-top on the bias. An order of move matches a different route. We can choose one of 5 steps to go the bias move. and 2 of 4 remaining steps. for the 2 upwards moves with pees 6 different choices. The remaining 2 steps are for the right. There are 5 x 6 = 30 different ways. @ anny read one eighth of a book and another 21 pages on Day 1, 6 pages less than one sixth of the book on Day 2. If the remaining book contains 172 pages, find the number of pages of the whole book. Answer PUN* Think Academy EBIITEI i Amy read 21 pages less on Day 1 and 6 pages more on day 2, the ramaining pages 1a 67 of the whole book. The number of total pages is 187 + Zz = 264 would be 187 and be exactly 1 — : - @ two seventh of timbers in the warehouse was used on Day 1, and two fifth of the remaining was used on Day 2. If the timbers used is 10 tons heavier than the remaining, find the weight in tons of all timbers in the warehouse initially. =. FERRE the remaining timbers after Day 1 is 1— The remaining timbers after Day 2 is 3 The timbers used is 1- § ofall 7 The weight of all timbers initially is 10 @ Arich man has some gold coins and n sons. Firstly, he gave 1 coin and one seventh of the remaining coins to his first son. Then he gave 2 coin and one seventh of the remaining coins to the second son, and so on. After he gave n coins and one seventh of the remaining coins to his last son, he had no coin left and all of his sons got the same amount of coins. Find the number of coins the rich man had initially. = EEE compare the first and the second son, The first son got 1 coin and £ of the current remaining The second son got 2 coin and ; of the current remaining. As they got the same coin, and 2 is 1 more than 1, the remaining coin must reduced 7 throughout the process. The reduction includes the ; of the current* Think Academy remaining coins given to the first son and the 2 coins to the second son. So the number of remaining coins after giving out 1 coin is (7 ~ 2) > ; =35 The total coin is 36 PS: This problem can be solved without the condition that Sall of his sons got the same amount of coins. In this case, it will become a problem of Sequence and NumberTheory. Q ary, Brooks, cathy and Donny went downtown, Amy had half money of the other three, Brooks had one third money of the other three and Cathy had one fourth money of the other three. If Donny had 91 dollars, find the amount of dollars Amy, Brooks, Cathy and Donny had in total. FEIT] the ratio between Amy and the other three is 1:2, so Amy has mw = t money of the total For the same reason, Brooks has i and Cathy has i of the total. The total amount of money is 91 + (0 tho 3) = 420 @ on saturday, one third of students in Class 1 and one fourth of Class 2 went to the museum, one third of in Class 2 and one fourth of Class 1 went to the libiary , and all 30 remaining students of Class 1 and 2 stayed at home. If the students in the museum is one tenth more than those in the libiary, find the total number of students in Class 1. = FEI] the remaining students of Class 1 and 2 are both 1 ~ ; The total number of students in Class 1 and 2is 80.+ 5 = 72, 5 . of their origin.* Think Academy The total number of students in the library and the museum is 42 0: 11, 1 The ratio between students in the library and the museum is 1: ( + a) 10 , ad 1 For ~ 20 students in the library, which is 5 of Class 2 and 7 of so there are 42 x Class 1. As Z of the total number is 72 x + = 24, the number of Class 1 is, 1-2 + ($-3) =48 @ in the picture below, three quarters of the square is green, five seventh of the circle is blue. If the green area is 450em? larger than the blue area, find the area of the yellow in cm. swer ny FEIT] the ratio between the areas of yellow to green is 1:3, and yellow to blue is 2:5. So the ratio of yellow : green : Bue is 2:6:5 The area of yellow is 450+ (6 — 5) x 2 = 900. @ tna collage, the ratio of the number between teachers and girls is 2:9 and the ratio between girls and boys is 3:7. If all of them paid their physical examination fee on a standard of 3 dollars per teacher, 2 dollars per girl, 1 dollar per boy and* Think Academy the total amount was 945 dollars, find the number of teachers. An: a FEI] the ratio of numbers between teachersgirkboy is 2:9: 21. The ratio of total fees between teacher-girlboy is 2x 3:9 x 2:1x 21=2:6:7 The total fees of teachers is 945 x ——* — ~ 126 24647 The number of teachers is 126 + 3 = 42 @ amy and Brooks were to buy a toy car that cost 3 dollars. If Amy bought it, the ratio of the remaining money between Amy and Brooks would be 2: 5. However, if Brooks bought it, the ratio of the remaining money between Amy and Brooks would be 8 : 13. Find the amount of money Amy had initially in dollars. =. EEIIEEI the sum of money of Amy and Brooks is the same in both condition, If Amy spends 3 dollars, her money is ; of the sum, and is x if not cae (8 _2)_ 8 68 The sumisas (# ) Whereas the amount of Amy is x = = 12 @ ary and Brooks both had some game cards. The ratio of the number of cards between Amy and Brooks was initially 3 : 2. However, Brooks happened to lose 4 of his cards and Amy gave 20 of her cards to Brooks. The ratio between Amy and Brooks was then 5 : 7. Find the initial number of cards Amy had. =. FBR: the initial number of cards of Amy be 32, and that of Brooks be 22.* Think Academy After the changing process, the number of Amy becomes 32 — 20 and Brooks becomes 22 + 16, so we have 32 ~ 20 = S00 +16), 2 = 20,32 = 60 @ The ratio of the number between red balls and white balls a box was initially 19: 13. Amy added some red balls into the box and the ratio turned to 5 : 3. Brooks then added some white balls to make the ratio turn to 13: 11. If Brooks added 80 balls more than Amy, find the number of balls in the box initially. ~~ ESQ ER] When red balls are added, the amount of white balls remains the same and vice versa, for which we can unite the ratio. The ratio of red to white is thus equals to 57 : 39 initially, then turns to 65 : 39, and finally 65 : 55. In this ratio, 8 represents the added red balls and 16 represents the added white balls, so 1 represents 80 = (16 — 8) = 10 balls. The number of balls in the box initially is 10 x (57 + 39) = 960 a The distance between Town A and Town C is 45 km. A river runs from A to C with a current speed of 1.5 km per hour. Town B is another town on the river between Aand C. Amy travelled from A to B on a boat, having lunch in Town B in exactly 1 hour and then travelling from B to C on a raft. The whole journey took Amy 7 hours. The speed of the boat and raft in still water is 11 km per hour and 3.5 km per hour respectively. Find the distance between A and B in km. =: FERRE the whole journey takes 6 hours without stop. The actual speed on AB is 12.5km per hour and is 5km per hour on BC.* Think Academy If one travelled with 5km per hour in the whole 6 hours, he would travel 30km, whereas the actual distance is 45km. So the time on AB is (45 — 30) + (12.5 ~ § hours. The distance of AB is 2 x 12.5 = 25 km, @ A queue moved forward at a speed of 2 meters per second. Mr. Li ran at a constant speed of 4 meters per second from the end of the queue to the head and then turned back to the end, which took him exactly 6 minutes. Find the length of the queue in meters. ie 540 E)[isie)When Mr.Li chased the head of the queue from the end, the difference of their speed is 2m per second, When Mr.Li met the end of the queue from the head, the sum of their speed is 6m per second. The ratio of speed is 1: 3 on the same distance, so the ratio of time is 3 : 1 The length of the queue is 6 x a x 60 x 2= 540m. @ trtook 4s seconds for a train to pass through a bridge, and the time when the train's body was all on the bridge was 24 seconds. If the train's speed is 30 meters per second, find the length of the bridge in meter. ESTEE the time a train pass through a bridge, the distance it travels is the length of the bridge plus the length of the train. In the time a train's body is all on a bridge, the distance it travels is the length of the bridge minus the length of the train, So the length of the bridge is (48 + 24) x 30 +2 = 1080* Think Academy QD there are three cars, 4, B, and C, each travelling from a same place at a certain speed in the same direction. Car B departed 10 minutes later than C, and catched up with © 40 minutes after departure; Car A departed 20 minutes later than B and catched up with @ one hour after departure. Find the time that it took for Car A to catch up with B after departure in minutes. = s[fise))|When B catched upC, they travelled the same distance. The time ratio is 40: 50 so the speed ratio between B and C is 5: 4. For the same reason, the speed ratio between A and Cis 3:2. So the speed ratio of A: B: Cis 6:5:4. The time for A to catch up Bis 5 x 20+ (6 — 5) = 100 minutes. Qar circumstances, then advanced at 75% of its original speed, ultimately arriving at departed for 1 hour and stopped for 0.5 hours due to unforeseen the destination 1.5 hours later than expected. If it advanceed another 90 kilometers after departing for 1 hour and then advanced at 75% of its original speed, it would arrive at the destination only 0.5 hours later than expected. Find the distance of the entire journey in km. MEE when travelling at 75% of the original speed, it takes 7% 4 more of the original time. In the first time, the delay for travelling at 75% of the original speed was 1 hour. So the original time to travel the distance after slowed down should be 3 hours and the entire journey would originally take 4 hours.* Think Academy In the second time, the delay for travelling at 75% of the original speed was only 0.5 hour. So the original time to travel the distance after slowed down should be 1.5 hours. And thus it took the train 3 — 1.5 = 1.5 hours to travel 90 km originally. The original speed of the train is 90 + 1.5 = 60 km per hour. The total distance is 60 x 4 = 240km. @ ary set out from Town ¥ while Brooks pursued her from Town X. Brooks caught Amy up at a distance of 9 kilometers from Y. If Brooks doubled his speed while Amy's speed remained unchanged, he would catch Amy up at a distance of 2 kilometers from Y. Find the distance between X and ¥ in km. [Solution had travelled 9km when being caught up in the first time, and only 2km the last time. As both Amy's speed and the starting points remain unchanged, the ratio between the times of two processes is 9 : 2, and the ratio between the difference of speeds is 2: 9. Here, the speed of Brooks was raised by 7 units, which was also his original speed. The speed of Amy is then 5 units. The distance between X and Y is 95 x 2=3.6 km. @ on a 490-meter-long circular runway, two players X and Y started from A and B, 50 meters apart, facing each other and meet at C. After encountering, Y turned around while X remained the same direction and continued to move forward. The speed of X increased by one fifth, while the speed of Y increased by one quarter. When Y returned to B, X happened to return to ground A, and they then all moved forward at their current speed and direction until X finally caught Y up. Find the total distance X had walked in km.* Think Academy EBIIEEIAs ¥ travelled clockwise from B to C and anticlockwise from C to B, he travelled the same distance with a speed ratio of 4:5, therefore the time ratio between the two processes is 5:4 As X travelled anticlockwise from A to C and then C to A, the ratio of his speed on the two processes was 5 : 6 whereas the time ratio was 5 : 4, so the distance of AC and CA anticlockwise have a ratio of 25 : 24. The anticlockwise distances of AC, CA and CB are thus 250, 240 and 190m seperately. The ratio between the changed speeds of X and Y equals to CA: CB = 240 : 190 = 24: 19 CA: CB = 240: 190 = 24: 19 BEECHES cece SRS isielsieloieiebeiebeiebeieisipieipitisieieieieleieleberebel When X erence of distance between them since they met on point c 490m, The distance X travelled from point C would then be 490 + 5 x 24 = 2352 EERE RSS eee eee cho hottie chore hoch m The total distance X travelled is 2352 + 250 = 2602 2352 + 250 = 2602 BEEREEEEEEEE RCPS eee eee SSCS cece hotccebebebo bbc 3* Think Academy @ town 4 and is 2400 meters apart. Amy and Brooks departed from A and B simultaneously, heading towards each other. After meeting at some point along the way, Amy continued to travel for 18 minutes to reach B, and Brooks continued to travel for 50 minutes to reach A. Find the difference between the speed of Amy and Brooks in meter per miunte. 20 FEI Lct Amy's speed be 2, Brooks’ speed be y and the meeting point be ©: Noted that AC = 50y, BC = 182 and AC: BC = 2: y, we have a? sy = 50:18 = 25: 9,2: y=5:3. 5 So AC = 2400 => = 1500m, y= 1500 + 50 = 30 m/min, 2 = 900+ 18 = 50m/min @ ary wrote a letter to Brooks with a signing pen. When the third refill was used up, she was writing the fourth letter; When she finished writing the fifth letter, the fourth refill was not yet used up; If she used as many refills per letter, find the least number of refills she needs to prepare if she is to write 16 letters. =: EERIE the number of letters a refill can write is less than 4 4 5 g but more than 5 +4 = 7 The number of refilled needed for 16 letters is thus more than 16 + > = 12 but less 5 = 12.8. So 13 refills will be just enough, than 16 = @ ina tennis match, there were two teams, red and blue. Each member of the red team had to play against 5 members of the blue team, while each member of the blue team only played against 2 members of the red team. If every 2 red team* Think Academy members have exactly 1 common blue team opponent, Find the number of members in blue team, 15 FEI is obvious that the ratio of member numbers between two teams is 2:5 Let 22 be the number of red team members and 64 be the blue ones. If we choose 2 different members from red teams, there are 2222 — 1) (22 ~1) different ways, each of which is corresponding to one exact member of blue team. So we have «(22 —1) = 62,2 =3,52=15 QQ The following figure is a road map, with the values marked on each section of the road indicating the number of minutes it takes for Amy to walk this section of the road. Find the minimal time in minute for Amy to travel from A to B. 8 2B =: (BREE Mar each point with the shortest time to reach by adding the number marked on the adjunctant former point and the time on the segment between them. If there are two or more ways to reach a point, choose the shorter time. As below, the shortest time to reach Bis 18,* Think Academy @ ona road trom west to east, there are five warehouses A, B, 0, D, and E, each holding 200, 300, 400, 500, and 600 tons of goods. The distance between any two adjacent warehouses is 100 meters. If all goods need to be stored in one of the warehouses, and each ton of goods costs 1 dollar per meter for transportation, find the minimal cost in dollar for the whole process. 2200 (We can initially set the storage point at C and try to make adjustments. If we change the point to B, the cost of all 1500 tons of goods in warehouse C, D and Ewill increase while the cost of all 500 tons in A and B will decrease. As 1500 is larger than 500, C is better than B. However, if we change the point to D, the cost of all 900 tons of goods in warehouse A, Band C will increase while the cost of all 1100 tons in A and B will decrease. As 1100 is larger than 900, Dis better than C. For the same reason, D is better than E. So the best storage point is D and the total cost would be 200 x 300 + 300 x 200 + 400 x 100 + 600 x 100 = 220000 a There are 10 machines in Warehouse A and 6 in Warehouse B. These machines are to be relocated in Factory I and II: 11 to be sent to Factory I and others to Factory II, The unit cost of transporting one machine is shown below:* Think Academy Fac I|Fac Il [Ware Als [6 |Ware Bl7 10 Find the minimal cost in dollar for transportation. = FEI) or any certain way of distribution, if we reduced the machine sent from Warehouse A to Factory I by 1, it would also cause the number of A to II and B to I both increase by1and the number of B to Il reduce by 1. The total cost would reduce by 10 +5 ~ 6-7 =2,So the machines sent from A to I should be as least as possible. So the best way to distribute would be as Fact|Fac I Ware Als 5 Ware Bl6 jo The total cost is 5 x 5+6x5+7% QD there are 10 villages located on a road starting from the county. The numbers in the figure represent the length of each section of the road, in kilometers. Now, water pipes need to be installed to supply tap water to each village from the count. Both thick and thin pipes can be used, with thick pipes sufficient to supply water to all villages, while thin pipes can only supply water to one village. Thick pipes cost 8000 dollars per kilometer, and thin pipes cost 2000 dollars per kilometer. Match the thick pipes and thin pipes appropriately and connect them to* Think Academy each other, It can reduce the total cost of the project. Find the minimal cost in dollar. County FEIIEEDH we use thin pipes for al villages, the first segment from right to left will need 1 pipe, the second will need 2 pipes and so on. A thick pipe however can replace all thin pipes on an segment. As the cost of a thick pipe is 4 times the thin pipe, the best way is to place thin pipes on the ge to the county. t 3 segments and use a thick pipe from the forth The total cost would be (80454244 4243-42) x 8000+ (2x 3+2x2+5 x 1) x 2000 = 414000 @ the length, width, and height of a wooden box are 5 centimeters, 3 centimeters, and 4 centimeters, respectively. A bug starts from point A and crawls along the edges. Each edge is only allowed to crawl once. Find the furthest distance the bug can crawl in em.* Think Academy 39 FEI] the route for ant should contain 2 odd points at most. There are 8 odd points in the origin figure, so at least 3 segments should be removed out of the route, By removing the 3 shortest segments BC,GF and EH, we can achieve the longest route for the ant. The length should be 5 x 4+ 4% 4+3=39 €@ As shown below, there is a rectangular cabinet, The length of each egde is shown in cm. An ant needs to start from point A in the bottom left corner and climb along the surface of the cabinet to point B in the top right corner to pick up food. Find the shortest distance to crawl in em. B =: ESIEiijon the expansion diagram of the cuboid, the segment AB is a diagonal of a rectangle with dem in length and Sem in width The shortest distance is thus /37 +4 =5* Think Academy Divide 135 people into several groups, and require that the number of people in any two groups be different. Find the maximum number of groups that can be divided into. =: BREE least people needed to be divided into n groups should be 1+2+-+-+n. As 1+2+4---+16 = 136 > 135, the maximum number of groups is 15. @ wstucents participated in an exam with 3 true-or-false answers. Each student wrote the answers to each of the 3 questions on the answer sheet. Find the least number of students that have exactly the same answer. An 03 FEED there are 2x 22 different types of answers 17 +8 = 2R1,so at least 3 students have the same answer. a Line up 60 red balls and 8 white balls in a straight line, Find the least number of red balls that are connected together. =: EEIIEMs white balls civide the line into 9 different areas. Red balls in the same area are connected to each other. 60-+9 = 6R6, at least 7 red balls are in the same area and are thus connected together.* Think Academy Find the most amount of numbers that can be taken from the 25 natural numbers 1 to 25 such that none of these numbers is equal to the product of the other two different numbers. =: FERRE sty, if we remove 2,3 and 4, the remaining numbers will fit the requirement. On the other hand, we have 2x 5 10,3 x 21,4 x 6 = 24, so at least 3 numbers should be removed from those 3 equations. So the maximum amout of numbers remaining is 22. a What is the remainder when 16" is divided by 7? An ABE 0" = a" Since 14" is divisible by 7, so we only look at 2" H2 Follow the pattern: 2 2573 RD STO RA This shows that pattern is repeated for every 3 powers. Since 61 +3 = 20R1, 16" +7 R2 a What is the remainder when 1! + 2? +39 + 4* 45° + 6° +77 +88 49° is divided by 3* Think Academy =: (1) 3° +6 + 9has a remainder of 0 when divided by 3 ; (2) For any integer n that is not a multipler of 3;n? = 1 (mod 8). Thus 1! +2? + --+9? = (1+547)+(1+141)+0=1 (mod3) a Calculate: 23 x 24 x 25 x 26 x 27 x 28 x 29 x 30 x 31 divided by 11 has a remainder of. Ty stey23 x 24 x +++ x 81S 1x 2x +++ x 9 = 362880 = (0 +8 +6) — (8 +243) = 1 (mod 11) Q what are the last 2 digits on the right in the expansion of the expression gunis201 __ g? A B. 22 C44 D. 88 E. None of the above* Think Academy 2!0 — 1024 = 24 (mod 100) (210)? = 1024? = 76 (mod 100) (2'°)8 = 76 x 24 = 24 (mod 100) (2!°)4 = 76 (mod 100) 22018201 _ g — (29018200) _ g = 2(76) — 8 = 44 (mod 100) a Find the last digit of 2008* — 2007% + 206° — 2005* + --- + 2% — 1°. Answer: =. (mod 10) (mod 10) (mod 10) (mod 10) 10° — 98 = 1 (mod 10) (mod 10) (mod 10) (mod 10) (mod 10) (mod 10) 20088 ~ 20073 + 2006 — 20058 +... + 28-19 = 7-47-4149 (inod 10) Hence the last digit is 4.* Think Academy Q the 6-digit number T082ab is a multiple of 12. How many possible different values of the last 2—digit number ab are there? Answer: =: EEey division, 1082 has remainder 2 when divided by 12. The smallest s—digit number starting with 2 that is a multiple of 12 is 12 x 17 204. The largest 3-digit number starting with 2 that is a multiple of 12 is 12 x 24 = 288. Hence, the last 2—digit number ab could take 8 different values. Oita 2x 2% 0-25 5x --+ x5, find the number of digits in N. BRB KBXEXBX XS aie i Answer: sa Em 2 x 107000 = 512 x 107000 So N has 8 +2000 = 2008 digits. @ tna number sequence, the first integer is 8, the second is 10, and starting from the third integer, each integer is the sum of the two integers directly in front of it What is the remainder when the 1997 integer is divided by 3? Answer: c=: FBIM. 10.15, 2, 36,69, 95 After dividing each by 3, we get remainders of: 0, 1, 1, 2, 0, 2, 21, 0, 1, 1, 2, 0, 2, 2 1, 0, Lies* Think Academy Following this pattern of 8 integers, we can solve: 1997 + 8 = 249R5. Checking the 5 integer in the remainder sequence, we find that it's 0. Starting from the third digit, we can add up the previous two integers in the sequence, and divide the sum by 3. Then we get the same pattern: 0, 1, 1,2, 0,2, 2, Lee We can solve: 1997 + 8 = 249R5. Checking the 5"* integer in the remainder sequence, we find that it's 0. ‘Add up each digit in each number, then divide the sum by 3. We get the same pattern of remainders: 0, 1, 1, 2,0, 2,2, 1-+- We can solve: 1997 + 8 = 24R5. Checking the 5" integer in the remainder sequence, we find that it's 0. Qi three consecutive even numbers are divisible by 5, 7 and 11. What are the smallest possible numbers? BEM o. 0,4. FBIM Let the least even number be 2, we have 5, the integers that fit the first 2 7 conditions have the expression of 5 + 35n. Then we have(6 + 36m) +11 = 7,80 (5+2n) +11 =e--.---7, and the least n = 1 and thus 2 = 40 @ A number when divided by 2. 3 4. 5. 6 7% 8 9% 10gives a non-zero remainders. These remainders are all different. What is the smallest possible number? asia* Think Academy FEI the remainder of 2,3,4, plus 1 should be the common multipler of 2,3, 10 can only be 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8.9 seperately, so the number “0. The smallest number is 2520 — 1 = 2519