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Math Class 11 Unit 12 Notes 2025

The document provides solutions for various trigonometric functions, including their domains, ranges, periodicities, and properties. It also discusses the maximum and minimum values of specific functions and includes graphical representations for sine, cosine, and tangent functions. Additionally, it explores the evenness or oddness of certain functions and demonstrates properties of trigonometric identities.

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31 views63 pages

Math Class 11 Unit 12 Notes 2025

The document provides solutions for various trigonometric functions, including their domains, ranges, periodicities, and properties. It also discusses the maximum and minimum values of specific functions and includes graphical representations for sine, cosine, and tangent functions. Additionally, it explores the evenness or oddness of certain functions and demonstrates properties of trigonometric identities.

Uploaded by

bushrasodhar5
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Q.1 Find the domain and range of each of the following functions: a . EXERC (i) 2 sin 3x Gi) Scos 4x Gii) 8 tan 2x (iv) cosec 6x (v) Scot 2x wi) sin= Wii) cosec= (viii) tan= Solution: [Function Domain Range @ 2 sin 3x R [=2,2] (ii) 5 cos 4x R {[-5,5] Gid 8 tan 2x axe Soret R (iv) cosec 6x ne R-{E,n= odd} 6x enw xe (-, 1] U [1, 09) (vii) cosec= S4nn x # 4nn R—{4nn,n € Z} R— =n e€ 2} (v) Scot 2x xennax ee R R- {En € z} (wi) sin= R [-1,1] (-,-1] u [1,) (iii) tané R ————_—_— Q.2 Determine whether the following trigonometric functions are even, odd or neither. @ f@ =sinxcosx tanx xtsinx ii) h(x) = Solution: @ f (&) = sin x cos x sin? x Gi) Ff) = i+tanx (iv) K(x) = x3(sinx + cos x) f(x) = sin(—x) cos(—x) fC-x) f(-x) = -F@) Odd function —sinxcosx Gi) f@) = istanx _ _sin?(—x) fF) > Fa) {-sinx}® fx) = feet ho ee T=tanx f(x) # F@) Neither even nor odd ne tanx Git) hA@&) = Frsinz tan(—x AC *) = Sac h(—x) Ae) = —(e+sinx) h(x) = xesinx h(—x) = h@) Even Function (iv) k(x) = x3(sin x + cosx) k(—x) = (—x)3(sin(—x) + cos(—x)) k(—x) = —x3(— sin x + cos x) k(—x) * f(x) Neither even nor odd Q3 Find the period of the following functions: @ sin 3x ii) cos 4x did tan= (iv) sec= (v) cosec 8x (vi) cot (vii) V5 cos = iii) cot V2x (ix) sin$ (x) cos = (xi) ; cot (xii) — zsec== Solution: Trig. Function Trig. Function sin(ax) tan(ax) cos(ax) cot(ax) sec(ax) cosec(ax) @sin3x > P== (iii) cot ¥2x + P = % Gicos4x SPS SE =| Gxysine 3 P= = 6 Gi) tan > P=} = 30 ° 3 (iv) sec= 32P= (v) cosec 8x + P= = wi) cot= >P= z= 6m é (vii) V5 cos an _ 4m PSS er) 2: (s) cos > P= = 8a a on 7 ane aRe xi) 2 cot2Z a (xi) 7 cot P. (xii) — Zsec 2 aE = on (8) p=2m Q.4 Find the maximuni and minimum values of each of the following functions. @y=4+4+3sine Gi) y = 6 —Lsin(3@ + 2) 1 (i) y = 3- 4cos 0 (iv) y = 8+ Scos(@ — 25) 1 W) y= 25-12 sin(3 } vi) i= 146 cos(S@—4) Solution: a+ bsinx Max, Value = a + |b| a+ bcosx Min. Value = a — |b] @y =443sine Max. Value = 4+3=7 Min. Value = 4-3 =1 Gi) y =5-4cos6 Max. Value = +4 == Min. Value = 2-4 =—= Gi) y = 6 —Zsin(3e +2) Max. Value = 6+5= 2 Min. Value = 6-2 = 2 (iv) y = 8 + 5cos(@ — 25) Max. Value = 8+5 = 13 Min. Value = 8-5 = 3 1 WYP ARAM 2) Max. Value = Min. Value = asia = 25-12 13 1 e+cos(S@—4) wdy= (Question is misprinted in the book) Max. Value =~ = 6t1 Min. Value = + = 6-1 Olay Draw the graph of the following trigonometric functions for the given interval. Q2y=cosx,O 12 t= cot (3) Gi) tan-*( V3) = sin (2) Let ¢ = tan-*(¥3) tant = V3 = : P=V3,Bs4 H? = B? + Pp? (v3) +1 (iii) cosec Let t = cosec~* (4) _vi sint= =F P=V3,H=2 H? = B2 + p? B= | (2)? — (v3)" B=v4—-3 Bel vy) cos~* (2) = cot (4) Let t = cos™? IG ) 4 cost=S=5 B=4,H=9 H2 = B2 + Pp? = (Oy —- Gy P=vV65 =2=-4, cott 7 Ve L c= cot* (Fe) Q.4 Show that: (i) sin“ 2) + sin“? ¢é = =cos“+ (= ii) cos“? (4) + tan™* (2) = = Gili) cos“ (2) + 2tan~1 (2) = cos? (2) Civ) cos~* 2) — cos™? (3) = cos™ @) (v) 2tan7 @) = cos} (3) (vi) sec™> (8) +cot4(3) =F (vii) tan7* @) + tan-? @) — tan (4) = e iy an? (2) + tan (2) = ean (2) + tan Solution: @ sin™* 3) + sin? @-= = cos™* (4) t=sin(Z 2) + sin~ '@= A+B>(1) A=sin?* @) => {sind == cosA=J1—sin?A cosa = fi— (2) cosA=— = sin-1 (2 B=sin ) inB=2 sinB == cosB =f1—sin?B cosB= J1— ()° cosB = (Q)=t=At+B Taking cos both sides cost = cos(A + B) cost =cosAcosB—sinA he est=@()-@O=-% t= cos (#2) Gi) cos™? (3) + tan7? ) == l ale = 1 (22 mite t =cos @ Scost=2=5 B=2,H=V5 H? = B? + P? P= lesy - a Pav5S—-4=1 tant =E=is t = tan” (2) L.H.S = tan7? 6) + tan7? (2) L:H.$ = tan-? (=) L.H.S = tan7?(1) LHS=4 LHS = RH.S (iii) cos~+ ‘) +2tan™? @) = cos™? () t = cos~? (2) + 2tan™ @ =A+2B>(1) A=cos* ) sinA= V1 —cos?a H= y(S)* +1)? H=~v26 ine = 24,3) sinB =) =o cos B QQ) =t=A+2B cos t = cos(A + 2B) cos t = cosA cos 2B —sinA sin 2B cos t = cosA (2cos? B — 1) — sinA (2sinB cos B) one OG. ~ 1) 25) Ge) Ge) gas 169 5 t = cos? 6) L.H.S = R.H.S (iv) cos~? @) — cos~? (2) = cos"? (#) _ Let t = cos“? Q) — cos“? (2) =A-B A=cos* 2) cos A = 3| 5 sinA = Jf1—cos?A sinA = J1— yy 5 4 sinA= Z| B=cos7* 3) 177. 8 cosB = >| 17 sinB =/1—cos?B sinB = J1—(2)° 17 sinB = 3 | 17 @Q=>t=Aa-B Taking cos both sides cost = cos(A — B) cost =cosAcosB est g sip 8 cost Qa G)— a t = cos-? (24) L.H.S = R.H.S (v) 2tan“ (2) = cos“? (3) Let A = tan“ (2) tanA =i=¢ P=2,B=3 H? = B? + P2 n= OF TOF H=Vi3 cosA == L.H.S = 2A L.H.S = cos~1{cos(2A)} LHS = cos—1{2 cos? A — 1} L.H.S = cos~? {2¢ _ a} L.H.S = cos™* {2 ) = 1} L.H.S = cos™* ) L.H.S = R.H.S (vi) sec! (2) +cot71(3) = ; Let t = sec™* (®) E t= tn" ) L.H.S = tan7! £ é L.H.S = tan7*(1) LHS== LH.S = R.H.S a -1 (3 -1 (3) _ -1f8\)_% (vii) tan (2) + tan (2) - tan? (4) = LH. S = tan (2) + tan™ (2) — tan™ rz LHS = tan (35 2 L.H.S = tan7? (2) ~tan? (4) 20 L.H.S = tan“ () — tan? (3) 278 L.H.S = tant ( 5 L.H.S = L.H.S = tan72(1) LHS=2 L.H.S = RES (viii) tan“ (=) + tan? () =tan? (=) + tan (2) L.H.S = tan™ () + tan? (:) L.H.S = tan*( pe | “ues @@) im] 5 L.H.S = tan7? ( = SLY L.H.S = tan7* € L.H.S = tan™*(1) LHS=4 se -1f hk 1/5 R.H.S = tan’ (4) + tan @) ays RH.S= tan? ( airs ) Iai, 66 R.H.S = tan-+(1) 61 R.4.S = tan“? () RH.S == LHS =RHS Q:5 Prove that: (i) sin(cos™! y) = fT — y? Gi) tan“? y + tan7"(-y) = 0 (iii) cos“ y + cos“4(—y) = 0 (iv) sin(2cos7! y) = 2y 1 — y? Solution: (i) sin(cos~* y) = 1 — y? L.H.S = sin(cos7? y) Lett =cos“!y = cost =y sint =/1—cos?t sint = /1—y? L.H.S = sin(t) = (1—y? =R.H.S (id) tan“? y + tan“? (—y) = 0 Let t = tan71(y) tant = —tant L.H.S = R.H.S (iii) cos~? y + cos~+(—y) = Lett =cos"1y=>cost=y cos(m —t)=—y m—t = cos-*(—y) m= t+cos-1(—y) cos-*y + cos“*(—y) = 7 L.H.S = R.H.S (iv) sin(2 cos“? y) = 2y,/1 — y? Let t = cos“1y => cost =y sint =J/1—cos?*t sint= V1 ze L.H. sin(2t) LH.S = 2sint cost L.H.S = 2yJf1 — y? L.H.S = R.H.S ———<———— Q.1 Find the general solution of the following trigonometric equations. 2 cosx+>= 2 a Solution: i cosx+5=0 1 7 1 cosx = —5 => x = cos 1(-t)ax=n Verification: 2a x=25 cos2+2=05-+4+4+=050=0 3 3 2 ag x => cos#+1=0>-1+4=050=0 3 z "2 2° 3 2m an (F + ann} u (E+ 2nn} nEeZ es ———<—<— Verification: z = i= sme oth lant =0- x=—2=tan(-2 bRB=o= BtRq0P0=0 7 7 1 1 1 x=tstan(4)+5=03-F+H=030=0 # 7 {-24 anc} U (E+ ans} nEez — Q3 cosec= + 2=0 Solution: cosec® +2 = 0 = cosec%! = —2 = sin$= = —F 3X ctyat (2) 75 Se me Ime pet (Do ee eS 99 ; 2 Period of sin= is z= = = so adding in solution set cao comeeft(—2)}+2=0 cosec(—=)+2=05-2+2=0=0=0 1@)j+2=0 =< In x =-> = cosec Q4 sec? 9 +d= (0) Solution: r 4 7 4 sec? 6-2 =0= sec?@ =2 => seco = + Toh anny {ee a 2na} u {-=4+ an} u 5 (28 rz 42nn- } ne Z Q5 4sin?x=1 Solution: i fy 1 ; 4sin?x = 1= sin? x == sing = + le 2 6 6' 6 US f 5 i rae 2) z e oF s =-=>x=5 —sjpx=--, t= sinx 53> x =sin 5 a Grete Verification: . 1 gi 1 w as sinx =>=>>x=sin z Sx= 7, E- 7 |8 x=ZedsintZa1s4(2)=15 cl = 85 4sin? Za 124(2)=121= x= -2=4sin?(—4)=154(@)=1e1=1 x=o asin? (=)=1>4(2)=151=1 {-= + 2na}-u (+ 2nn}u{-E+ ann} u E+ 2nn} neZz Q.6sec*x=4 Solution: sec? x = 4= secx = +2 >cosx=+ 1 2 7 3 STE 4m € ap 2na}u can 2na}u {=F + an} u {= + 2ns} EZ Q7 2casx + sin? x =1 Solution: 2cosx + sin? x =1= 2cosx+1-cos*x =1 2cosx — cas? x = 0 > cosx (2 -- cosx) = 0 2—cosx = 0 > cosx = 2 (Not possible) ~ Range of cos is [-1,1] cosx =0>x=cos'0= Le Verification: x= +53 2cos(+%) + sin?@(42)=1e0+15151=1 {+24 2nr} néZ Q8 4cos*x— 8 Solutio: 4(1 — sin’? x) -8sinx +1 4—4sin?x—8sinx+1=0 4sin* x + 8sinx -5=0 4sin? x +10sinx —2sinx-5=0 2sinx (2 sinx + 5) — (2sinx +5) =0 (2sinx + 5)(@sinx-1)=0 2sinx+5=0>2sinx = —5 => sinx = —3 (Not possible) x+i1 ~ Range of sin is [—1,1] nx at = =x = sin G)ox=i0 72 |e =e Verification: x =2= 4cos*2—gsiné=+1=0—4(2)-8G)+1=0 ; 6 é 6 4. 2 eSl=1 é _ sa 250 < Sit wy Ba (ft sets x= 2 4cos?§—ssinZ@+1=0>4(3)-8G)+1=0 =pil=1 a Sr {E+ 2nz}u FE + ann} nEez Q.9 3tan?x + 2V3tanx+1=0 Solution: 3tan? x +2V3tanx +1=0 (v3 tan x)” + 2(V3tanx) + (1)? =0 (V3 tanx +1) =0 v3tanx +1 =0= V3tanx =—1=>tanx =—% witaw? (—4)<.~2-7—-= | = 2 | x = tan ( #)= Bae a |* ee Verifi ni: x=-t= 3 tan? (—=) + 2V3tan(-= +1=0 3(¢)+2v3(-4)+1=0=0=0 x = 5% = 3 tan? () + 2v3tan(=)+1=0 3(3)+2v3(-4)+1=050=0 {-3+ ann} u FE + 2nn} nEeZz Q.10 (cosecx + 2)(2cosx ~1)=0 Solution; (cosecx + 2)(2cosx —-1) =0 cosecx +2 = 0 => cosecx = —2 > sinx =-$>% = sin (-3) xasivt (-)oe=-Ee+to faba = x= = cos? (+ And 2cosx 1=0=>cosx= >> x= cos 6) = tn =n x= 52n $a [a2 5] 3 3 . ~ Bama (-2) 4 2} {2 cos(-=) - -1} =0>50=0 x= 2 = {eosec (#) + 2} {2 cos (4)-1}=00=0 x =E= {cosec (%) + 2}{2 cos (Z)-1}=00=0 x = 52 = {cosec () + 2} {2 cos (#)-1}=0=0=0 {-2+ ann} u (2 +2na}u {E+ ana} u u f+ 2nn} nEeZz Q.11 tan @ = 2sin9 Solution: tan@ = 2sin@ > <8 = 2sin@ = sind ~ 2sin@ cos@ =0 sin@ (1—2cos@) =0 sind =0>6=sin*0>|0=0,7 a al 1—2cos@ =0 = 2cos@ =1= cos@ = 2 = 6 = cos“ (2) oat @=12,2n-25|9==,> 3 3 3 to | at Verification: @=0>tan0 =2sin0>0=0 @=n> tann =2sint>0=0 @=5=> tant = 2sint=> v3 = v3 Ee => tan= = 2sin==> —v3 = —v3 ec ‘Sr {2nn} U {1 + 2nm7}U {E+ 2nr} U {= + 2nn} neZz Q.12 4sin?=—3=0 Solution: Verification: 7 soo fam i he x == 4sin?i(#)-3=050= x == 4sin?72(#)-3=050=0 x= — = 4sin? 3(-= —-3=0>0=0 n?2(%2)_3=050=0 x =¢e= 4sil (FE + ane} u (FE 4 ana} u [- 4 ann} u (FE + ann} nEeZz Q.13 cos 2x = cosx Solution: cos 2x = cos x => 2cos*x— 1=cosx = 2cos? x — cosx —1=0= 2cos?x— 2cosx +cosx-1=0 2cosx(cosx —1)+(cosx—1) =0 (2cosx +1)(cosx-1)=0 2cosx+1=0=>cosx= 2x = cos*( i AT n x x=n—-t => e atts 373 cosx—1=0=>cosx=1=>x=cos-1(1) =[x=0] Verification: i => cos 2m = cos. > 1= —1, not verified x=0=>cos0=cosO>1=1 & ae a 3 3 apt an ar x= 7 > cos2 gy Os pars ag . 20 on {2nm}U fea ae ann} u = + 2nnt néZ Q.14 sin 4@ — sin 26 = cos30 Solution: sin 46 — sin2@ = cos 3@ ¥ * At: 4: 8 sind —sinB =2 cos #4 sin4 40420 40-20 —— =cos3@ 2cos—>—sin 2cos 36 sin@ = cos 36 2 cos 34 sin@ — cos36 = 0 cos 39 (2sin@ —1) =0 cos36 =0 = 3@ =cos“10 539 =i5> . . 1 Pau 3 2sin@ —1= sine =>>x=sin ‘G)ex Verification: o=2=sin4(5) = sin2 (2) =cos3(4)>0=0 9 = —2= sina (—2) ~sin2(—4) =cos3(—2)=6 =0 @ = = sina (%) — sin2(#) = cos3(=) =0=0 {22 a 2nzt} U = ae 2nn} neZz Q.15 cos 9 + cos38 + cos5@ = 9 Solution: cos 5@ + cos3@ + cos9 =0 A A+B AB cos A — cos B = 2 cos — cos— 31 50-30 2.cos $248 cos 32? + cosa = 2cos 48 cos@ +cas@ = 0 cos 6 (2cos48 +1) =0 cos? =059=cos 10> @=n-2,04+25 3 3 Verification: x =2= cos® + cos3 (2) + cos5 (2) =0>0=0 2 a “" X2 e 2 x=-S> cos (—2) +cos3(—=) + cos (-3) =0 > 0=0 x= = cos + cos3 (=) + cos5(=) =0=>0=0 x=Z=cost+ cos3 (*) + cos5 (7) =0= 0=0 {254 anc} u (F + ann} u (+ anc} neZz Q.16sinx + sin3x + sin5x + sin7x =0 Solution: sin 7x + sinSx + sin 3x + sin x : . . s AFB AR sinA + sin B = 2sin—cos—— 2sin TRASK 7x-Sx = Sx4x 3x-x > 893 ta 2sin 0s ——— 2sin6x cosx + 2sin2xcosx =0 2cos x (sin 6x + sin2x) =0 6xe2x 6x~2x° 2 ) = cos x (2 sin cos 2cosxsin4x cos2x = 0 cos x sin4x cos2x =0 cosx =O0>x=cos 70> cos 2x = 0 > 2x =cos“10 = 2x = +25 |x= 47 » Period of cos 2x is = x sin4x = 0 > 4x =sin 10> 4x =0,0> x= 0,5 A . . 28 _ + Pegod of sin 4x is=- = 5 Verification: x=2=sin7(€) +sin5(2)+sin3(E)+sin$=050=0 x Les = sin7(~2) +sin5(—4) +sin3(~2)+ sin (-2) =0 =0=0 x= = sin7 (4) +sins() + sina (G) + sing = 6=>0=0 © a te => sin? (~B) +sin(—2)+-sin3(—2)+sin(—2) =0 =0=0 7 ‘ (aE ann fete) uf ug neZz Q.17 cosec@ = V3 + cord —— Solution: cosec@ = V3 + cot@ 1 cos @ =v3 sin@ vB + sind 1 _ V3sin@ + cos @ sind sing 1=3sin@ + cos@ V3sin@ +cos@ =1-— (1) VQ)? +)? = V4 =2 + (1) by 2 sin (2) + cosa (2) =2 ‘ x n= 1 sin @ cosz + cos 4 sin = ‘eS x n)_ 1 sin (6 +2) =} 942 =sin-22 6 2 r o+tatan-t 6. 6 6 x _m Sn errors Go FE St 2m o=0, Nerification: x = 0 = cosecO = V3 + cotoO ae 2 =j=v3t5 Not verified x = "B= cosec = V3 + cor 2 eB wre a 2 BEE va vz 4 = Verified ~ 2 + ann} a neZz 0.18 2cosx + sin?x—1 Solution: 2cosx+sin?x—1=0 2cosx —(1—sin?x) =0 2cosx —cos*x =0 cos x (2 —cosx) = 0 cosx =0= x =cos?0 >|x 2—cosx = 0 = cosx = 2 (Not possible) -s range of cos is [—1,1] Nerification: x == 2cos=+sin*Z—-1=0>0=0 x = —£= 2cos(—$) + sin*(—$)-1=0>0=0 Ea {42+ anc} neZz

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