Q1.

Sail systems are being developed to reduce the running costs of cargo ships. The sail and
ship’s engines work together to power the ship. One of these sails is shown in the figure
below pulling at an angle of 40° to the horizontal.

(a) The average tension in the cable is 170 kN.

Show that, when the ship travels 1.0 km, the work done by the sail on the ship is
1.3 × 108 J.

(2)

(b) With the sail and the engines operating, the ship is travelling at a steady speed of
7.0 ms–1.

(i) Calculate the power developed by the sail.

answer = ____________________ W
(2)

(ii) Calculate the percentage of the ship’s power requirement that is provided by
the wind when the ship is travelling at this speed.
The power output of the engines is 2.1 MW.

answer = ____________________ %
(2)

(c) The angle of the cable to the horizontal is one of the factors that affects the
horizontal force exerted by the sail on the ship. State two other factors that would
affect this force.

Factor 1 ___________________________________________________________

Factor 2 ___________________________________________________________

Page 1 of 41
 (2)
(Total 8 marks)

Q2.
Figure 1 shows a simplified catapult used to hurl projectiles a long way.

Figure 1

The counterweight is a wooden box full of stones attached to one end of the beam. The
projectile, usually a large rock, is in a sling hanging vertically from the other end of the
beam. The weight of the sling is negligible.
The beam is held horizontal by a rope attached to the frame.

(a) The catapult is designed so that the weight of the beam and the weight of the empty
wooden box have no effect on the tension in the rope.

Suggest how the pivot position achieves this.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(2)

(b) The stones in the counterweight have a total mass of 610 kg and the projectile
weighs 250 N.

Calculate the tension in the rope.

Page 2 of 41
 tension = ____________________ N
(5)

(c) When the rope is cut, the counterweight rotates clockwise. When the beam is
vertical it is prevented from rotating further. The projectile is then released
horizontally with a velocity of 18 m s–1, as shown in Figure 2.

The projectile is released at a height of 7.5 m above ground level.

Figure 2

The range of the catapult is the horizontal distance between the point where the
projectile is released to the point where it lands.

Calculate the range.

Ignore air resistance.

range = ____________________ m
(2)

(d) In another release, the sling is adjusted so that a projectile of the same mass is
released just before the wooden beam is vertical. The projectile is not released
horizontally.

Discuss the effect this change has on the range of the catapult.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

Page 3 of 41
 ___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(3)
(Total 12 marks)

Q3.
A spacecraft entering the atmosphere of Mars must decelerate to land undamaged on the
surface.

Figure 1

(a) Figure 1 shows the spacecraft of total mass 610 kg entering the atmosphere at a
speed of 5.5 km s−1.

Calculate the kinetic energy of the spacecraft as it enters the atmosphere. Give your
answer to an appropriate number of significant figures.

kinetic energy = _______________ J

(3)

(b) A parachute opens during the spacecraft’s descent through the atmosphere.

Figure 2 shows the parachute–spacecraft system, with the open parachute

displacing the atmospheric gas. This causes the system to decelerate.

Figure 2

Page 4 of 41
 Explain, with reference to Newton’s laws of motion, why displacing the atmospheric
gas causes a force on the system and why this force causes the system to
decelerate.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(4)

(c) As the parachute–spacecraft system decelerates, it falls through a vertical distance

of 49 m and loses 2.2 × 105 J of kinetic energy.
During this time, 3.3 × 105 J of energy is transferred from the system to the
atmosphere.
The total mass of the system is 610 kg.

Calculate the acceleration due to gravity as it falls through this distance.

Page 5 of 41
 acceleration due to gravity = _______________ m s−2

(3)

(d) Dust from the surface of Mars can enter the atmosphere. This increases the density
of the atmosphere significantly.

Deduce how an increase in dust content will affect the deceleration of the system.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(3)
(Total 13 marks)

Q4.
Deep space probes often carry modules which may be ejected from them by an explosion.
A space probe of total mass 500 kg is travelling in a straight line through free space at
160 m s–1 when it ejects a capsule of mass 150 kg explosively, releasing energy.
Immediately after the explosion the probe, now of mass 350 kg, continues to travel in the
original straight line but travels at 240 m s–1, as shown in the figure below.

(a) Discuss how the principles of conservation of momentum and conservation of

energy apply in this instance.

The quality of your written communication will be assessed in this question.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

Page 6 of 41
 ___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(6)

(b) (i) Calculate the magnitude of the velocity of the capsule immediately after the
explosion and state its direction of movement.

magnitude of velocity = ______________________ m s–1

direction of movement ______________________

(3)

(ii) Determine the total amount of energy given to the probe and capsule by the
explosion.

answer = ______________________ J
(4)
(Total 13 marks)

Page 7 of 41
Q5.
The figure below shows a car on a rollercoaster track. The car is initially at rest at A and is
lifted to the highest point of the track, B, 35 m above A.

The car with its passengers has a total mass of 550 kg. It takes 25 s to lift the car from A
to B. It then starts off with negligible velocity and moves unpowered along the track.

(a) Calculate the power used in lifting the car and its passengers from A to B.
Include an appropriate unit in your answer.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

power______________________unit_____________
(3)

(b) The speed reached by the car at C, the bottom of the first dip, is 22 ms–1. The length
of the track from B to the bottom of the first dip C is 63 m.

Calculate the average resistive force acting on the car during the descent.

Give your answer to a number of significant figures consistent with the data.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

resistive force ______________________ N

(4)

(c) Explain why the resistive force is unlikely to remain constant as the car descends
from B to C.

___________________________________________________________________

Page 8 of 41
 ___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(3)

(d) At C, a passenger of mass 55 kg experiences an upward reaction force of 2160 N

when the speed is 22 ms–1.

Calculate the radius of curvature of the track at C. Assume that the track is a circular
arc at this point.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

radius of curvature of the track ______________________ m

(3)
(Total 13 marks)

Q6.
The diagram shows two of the forces acting on a uniform ladder resting against a vertical
wall. The ladder is at an angle of 60° to the ground.

Page 9 of 41
(a) Explain how the diagram shows that the friction between the ladder and the wall is
negligible.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(1)

(b) The forces acting on the ladder are in equilibrium.

Draw an arrow on the diagram to show the direction of the resultant force from the
ground acting on the ladder. Label your arrow G.
(2)

(c) The ladder is 8.0 m long and weighs 390 N.

Calculate the magnitude of the resultant force from the wall on the ladder.

resultant force = ____________________ N

(2)

(d) Suggest the changes to the forces acting on the ladder that occur when someone

Page 10 of 41
 climbs the ladder.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(3)
(Total 8 marks)

Q7.
A snowboarder slides down a slope, as shown in the diagram below. Between B and C
her acceleration is uniform.

(a) The snowboarder travels 1.5 m from B to C in a time of 0.43 s and her velocity down
the slope at C is 5.0 ms–1.

Calculate her velocity down the slope at B.

Page 11 of 41
 velocity = ____________________ ms–1

(3)

(b) The combined mass of the snowboarder and snowboard is 75 kg and the angle of
the slope is 25°

(i) Calculate the component of the weight of the snowboarder and snowboard
acting down the slope.

weight component = ____________________ N

(2)

(ii) At D the snowboarder has reached a constant velocity. She moves a distance
of 2.0 m at constant velocity between D and E.

Calculate the work done against resistive forces as she moves from D to E.

work done = ____________________ J

(1)

(c) State and explain what happens to the gravitational potential energy lost between D
and E.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(3)
(Total 9 marks)

Q8.
This question is about an experiment with a linear air track.

A block is used to raise one end of the track.

A bumper fitted with a rubber cord is attached at the lower end of the track.
The air track has a length of 2 m and there is a scale with major divisions marked in
centimetres along the side; the zero of the scale is at the lower end, as shown in Figure 1.

Page 12 of 41
 Figure 1

A glider is placed in contact with the rubber cord on the bumper at the lower end of the
track. The position of the glider relative to the fixed scale can be determined using Figure
2.

Figure 2

The glider is then moved to the position shown in Figure 3.

Figure 3

Page 13 of 41
The air supply to the track is turned on and the glider is released.
The glider accelerates down the track, strikes the rubber cord on the bumper and
rebounds back up the track.
The glider is allowed to bounce off the rubber band 20 times before it is stopped.

A student reads and records the highest position p of the glider after each rebound n.
Some of the student’s data are shown in the table.
Additional columns have been provided to allow you to complete question (b) and
question (c).

n p/cm x/cm In(x/cm)

2 157.0

4 125.4

6 101.3

9 75.4

13 53.8

(a) The value of p corresponding to n = 0 is the glider’s initial position at the top of the
track.

Deduce this value of p using Figure 1 and Figure 3.

Write this result in the table.
(1)

(b) As it travels from the lower end of the track to each position p the glider moves
through a distance x.

Deduce x for all the values of n using Figure 2.

Write these results in the table.
(1)

(c) Plot on Figure 4 a graph of ln(x/cm) against n.

Page 14 of 41
 Record your values of ln(x/cm) in the table.
(3)

(d) Explain why the graph you plotted confirms that x decreases exponentially with n.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(1)

Figure 4

Page 15 of 41
(e) Determine, using your graph in Figure 4, the value of x when n is 20.

x when n is 20 = ____________________ cm

Page 16 of 41
 (3)

(f) Describe and explain two procedures the student should take to reduce uncertainty
in the measurements of p.

procedure 1 _________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

procedure 2 _________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(4)
(Total 13 marks)

Q9.
Figure 1 shows a model of a system being designed to move concrete building blocks
from an upper to a lower level.

Figure 1

Page 17 of 41
The model consists of two identical trolleys of mass M on a ramp which is at 35° to the
horizontal. The trolleys are connected by a wire that passes around a pulley of negligible
mass at the top of the ramp.

Two concrete blocks each of mass m are loaded onto trolley A at the top of the ramp. The
trolley is released and accelerates to the bottom of the ramp where it is stopped by a
flexible buffer. The blocks are unloaded from trolley A and two blocks are loaded onto
trolley B that is now at the top of the ramp. The trolleys are released and the process is
repeated.

Figure 2 shows the side view of trolley A when it is moving down the ramp.

Figure 2

(a) The tension in the wire when the trolleys are moving is T.

Draw and label arrows on Figure 2 to represent the magnitudes and directions of
any forces and components of forces that act on trolley A parallel to the ramp as it
travels down the ramp.
(1)

(b) Assume that no friction acts at the axle of the pulley or at the axles of the
trolleys and that air resistance is negligible.

Show that the acceleration a of trolley B along the ramp is given by

(2)

(c) Compare the momentum of loaded trolley A as it moves downwards with the
momentum of loaded trolley B.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

Page 18 of 41
 ___________________________________________________________________
(2)

(d) In practice, for safety reasons there is a friction brake in the pulley that provides a
resistive force to reduce the acceleration to 25% of the maximum possible
acceleration.

The distance travelled for each journey down the ramp is 9.0 m.

The following data apply to the arrangement.

Mass of a trolley M = 95 kg
Mass of a concrete block m = 30 kg

Calculate the time taken for a loaded trolley to travel down the ramp.

time = ____________________ s
(3)

(e) It takes 12 s to remove the blocks from the lower trolley and reload the upper trolley.

Calculate the number of blocks that can be transferred to the lower level in 30
minutes.

number = ____________________
(2)
(Total 10 marks)

Q10.
The diagram shows two railway trucks A and B travelling towards each other on the same
railway line which is straight and horizontal.

Page 19 of 41
The trucks are involved in an inelastic collision. They join when they collide and then move
together.

The trucks move a distance of 15 m before coming to rest.

Truck A has a total mass of 16 000 kg and truck B has a total mass of 12 000 kg

Just before the collision, truck A was moving at a speed of 2.8 m s–1 and truck B was
moving at a speed of 3.1 m s–1

(a) State the quantity that is not conserved in an inelastic collision.

___________________________________________________________________
(1)

(b) Show that the speed of the joined trucks immediately after the collision is about
0.3 m s–1

(3)

(c) Calculate the impulse that acts on each truck during the collision.
Give an appropriate unit for your answer.

impulse = ____________________ unit ___________

(2)

(d) Explain, without doing a calculation, how the motion of the trucks immediately after
the collision would be different for a collision that is perfectly elastic.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

Page 20 of 41
 ___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(2)
(Total 8 marks)

Q11.
Figure 1 shows a side view of an act performed by two acrobats. Figure 2 shows the
view from above.

Figure 1 Figure 2

The acrobats, each of mass 85 kg, are suspended from ropes attached to opposite edges
of a circular platform that is at the top of a vertical pole. The platform has a diameter of 2.0
m
A motor rotates the platform so that the acrobats move at a constant speed in a horizontal
circle, on opposite sides of the pole.

When the period of rotation of the platform is 5.2 s, the centre of mass of each acrobat is
5.0 m below the platform and the ropes are at an angle of 28.5° to the vertical as shown in
Figure 1.

(a) Show that the linear speed of the acrobats is about 4.5 m s–1

(2)

(b) Determine the tension in each rope that supports the acrobats.

tension = ____________________ N

Page 21 of 41
 (3)

(c) Discuss the consequences for the forces acting on the pole when one acrobat has a
much greater mass than the other.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(3)
(Total 8 marks)

Q12.
Which row describes charge and impulse?

Charge Impulse

A scalar scalar

B scalar vector

C vector scalar

D vector vector
(Total 1 mark)

Q13.
Horizontal escape lanes made of loose gravel have been constructed at the side of some
roads on steep hills so that vehicles can stop safely when their brakes fail.

The graph shows an engineer’s prediction of how the speed of an unpowered vehicle of
mass 1.8 × 104 kg will vary with time as the vehicle comes to rest in an escape lane.

Page 22 of 41
(a) Determine the force decelerating the vehicle 2.0 s after entering the escape lane.

force decelerating the vehicle = ____________________ N

(3)

(b) Deduce whether a lane of length 85 m is long enough to stop the vehicle, assuming
that the engineer’s graph is correct.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(3)

(c) Discuss the energy transfers that take place when a vehicle is decelerated in an
escape lane.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

Page 23 of 41
 ___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(2)

(d) An alternative to an escape lane containing gravel is an escape lane that consists of
a ramp. An escape ramp is a straight road with a concrete surface that has a
constant upward gradient.

One escape ramp makes an angle of 25° to the horizontal and is 85 m long.

Deduce whether this escape ramp is sufficient to stop the vehicle.

Assume that any frictional forces and air resistance that decelerate the vehicle are
negligible.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(3)

(e) Discuss whether an escape lane containing gravel or an escape ramp would provide
the safer experience for the driver of the vehicle as it comes to rest.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(1)
(Total 12 marks)

Q14.
The ionisation potential for the atoms of a gas is V. Electrons of mass m and charge e
travelling at a speed v can just cause ionisation of atoms in the gas.

Page 24 of 41
 What is V?

(Total 1 mark)

Q15.
A pair of cameras is used on a motorway to help determine the average speed of vehicles
travelling between the two cameras.

Figure 1 shows the speed–time graph for a car moving between the two cameras.

Figure 1

(a) The speed limit for the motorway between the two cameras is 22 m s−1.

Determine whether the average speed of the car exceeded this speed limit.

Page 25 of 41
 ___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(3)

(b) Markings called chevrons are used on motorways.

The chevron separation is designed to give a driver time to respond to any change
in speed of the car in front. The driver is advised to keep a minimum distance d
behind the car in front, as shown in Figure 2.

Figure 2

Government research suggests that the typical time for a driver to respond is
between 1.6 s and 2.0 s.

Suggest a value for d where the speed limit is 31 m s−1.

d = _______________ m
(2)

(c) The chevron separation is based on the response time, not on the time taken for a
car to stop.

The brakes of a car are applied when its speed is 31 m s−1 and the car comes to
rest. The total mass of the car is 1200 kg.

The average braking force acting on the car is 6.8 kN.

Calculate the time taken for the braking force to stop the car and the distance
travelled by the car in this time.

Page 26 of 41
 time = _______________ s

distance = _______________ m
(4)

(d) Suggest why the chevron separation on motorways does not take into account the
distance travelled as a car comes to rest after the brakes are applied.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(1)

(e) At bends on motorways the road is sloped so that a car is less likely to slide out of
its lane when travelling at a high speed.

Figure 3 shows a car of mass 1200 kg travelling around a curve of radius 200 m.
The motorway is sloped at an angle of 5.0°.

Figure 4 shows the weight W and reaction force N acting on the car. The advisory
speed for the bend is chosen so that the friction force down the slope is zero.

Figure 3

Figure 4

Page 27 of 41
 Suggest an appropriate advisory speed for this section of the motorway.

advisory speed = _______________ m s−1

(4)
(Total 14 marks)

Q16.
(a) Figure 1 shows a golf ball at rest on a horizontal surface 1.3 m from a hole.

Figure 1

Page 28 of 41
 A golfer hits the ball so that it moves horizontally with an initial velocity of 1.8 m s –1.
The ball experiences a constant deceleration of 1.2 m s–2 as it travels to the hole.

Calculate the velocity of the ball when it reaches the edge of the hole.

velocity = _______________ m s–1

(2)

(b) Later, the golf ball lands in a sandpit. The golfer hits the ball, giving it an initial
velocity u at 35° to the horizontal, as shown in Figure 2. The horizontal component
of u is 8.8 m s–1.

Figure 2

Show that the vertical component of u is approximately 6 m s–1.

Page 29 of 41
 (1)

(c) The ball is travelling horizontally as it reaches X, as shown in Figure 3.

Figure 3

Assume that weight is the only force acting on the ball when it is in the air.

Calculate the time for the ball to travel to X.

time = _______________ s
(2)

(d) Calculate the vertical distance of X above the initial position of the ball.

vertical distance = _______________ m

(2)

The golfer returns the ball to its original position in the sandpit. He wants the ball to land at
X but this time with a smaller horizontal velocity than in Figure 3.

Figure 4

Page 30 of 41
 (e) Sketch on Figure 4 a possible trajectory for the ball.
(1)

(f) Explain your reason for selecting this trajectory.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(2)
(Total 10 marks)

Q17.
The diagram shows a camera filming a sports event from above. The position of the
camera is controlled by two steel cables, A and B, that pass over fixed, smooth pulleys.

(a) In the diagram above the camera is stationary. The tension in A is 430 N and A
makes an angle of 35° to the horizontal. B makes an angle of 12° to the horizontal.

Calculate the tension in B.

Page 31 of 41
 tension in B = _______________ N
(2)

(b) The cross-sectional area of A is 7.0 × 10−6 m2. The unstretched length of A is 150 m.

Calculate the extension of A when the tension in it is 430 N.

Young modulus of steel = 210 GPa

extension = _______________ m
(2)

(c) The camera is moved horizontally to the right to a new stationary position. The
tension in A is now different from that in the diagram above.

Deduce whether the tension in A has increased or decreased.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(3)

(d) The camera’s signal is transmitted as a series of pulses through an optical fibre. The
table shows data for two optical fibres X and Y. Both optical fibres are identical
except for their core diameter.

Optical fibre Core diameter / μm

X 8

Y 50

Page 32 of 41
 Deduce which fibre allows a greater pulse transmission rate.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(3)
(Total 10 marks)

Q18.
Small water drops leave a tap with zero velocity at intervals of 0.20 s.
They then fall freely 0.80 m to reach a horizontal surface.

How far has a drop fallen when the previous drop hits the surface?

A 0.16 m

B 0.20 m

C 0.40 m

D 0.60 m
(Total 1 mark)

Q19.
A pellet with velocity 200 m s−1 and mass 5.0 g is fired vertically upwards into a stationary
block of mass 95.0 g. The pellet remains in the block. The impact causes the block to
move vertically upwards.

What is the maximum vertical displacement of the block?

A 5.1 m

B 10 m

C 51 m

D 100 m
(Total 1 mark)

Page 33 of 41
Q20.
Mechanical power

A is a vector quantity.

B is measured in J.

C has base units of kg m2 s−3.

can be calculated from force × distance

D
moved.
(Total 1 mark)

Q21.
The diagram shows the forces acting on a uniform rod.

Which statement is correct?

A The rod is in equilibrium.

For equilibrium, an anticlockwise moment of 1.0

B
N m is needed.
For equilibrium, a clockwise moment of 1.0 N m
C
is needed.
For equilibrium, the 10 N force should be
D
increased to 20 N.
(Total 1 mark)

Q22.
Two ball bearings X and Y are projected from horizontal ground at the same time.

X has mass 2m and is projected vertically upwards with speed u.

Y has mass m and is projected at 30° to the horizontal with speed 2u.

Air resistance is negligible.

Which statement is correct?

A X and Y have the same initial momentum.

Page 34 of 41
 X and Y reach their maximum heights at different
B
times.
The maximum height reached by Y is half that
C
reached by X.

D X and Y reach the ground at the same time.

(Total 1 mark)

Q23.
The diagram shows how the speed v of an object varies with time t.

Which graph shows the variation of distance s with t for the object?

A B

C D

D
(Total 1 mark)

Page 35 of 41
Q24.
A light uniform rigid bar is pivoted at its centre. Forces act on the bar at its ends and at the
centre.

Which diagram shows the bar in equilibrium?

D
(Total 1 mark)

Q25.
A uniform metre ruler of weight 2.0 N is freely pivoted at the 70 cm mark.

A student holds the ruler in a horizontal position and suspends a 5.0 N weight from the
100 cm end.

What is the magnitude of the resultant moment when the student releases the ruler?

Page 36 of 41
 A 0.15 N m

B 0.19 N m

C 1.1 N m

D 1.9 N m
(Total 1 mark)

Q26.
Each diagram shows two horizontal forces acting on a solid square object seen from
above.

All the forces have the same magnitude.

A B

C D

Which system produces a couple about any point inside the object?

Page 37 of 41
 C

D
(Total 1 mark)

Q27.
An object is in equilibrium when acted on by three coplanar forces.

Which free-body diagram is correct?

Each diagram is drawn to scale.

A B

C D

D
(Total 1 mark)

Q28.
Which row gives two features of graphs that provide the same information?

Feature 1 Feature 2

Gradient of a Area under a velocity–time

A
displacement–time graph graph

Gradient of a Area under an

B
displacement–time graph acceleration–time graph

Page 38 of 41
 Gradient of a velocity–time Area under a
C
graph displacement–time graph

Gradient of a velocity–time Area under an

D
graph acceleration–time graph
(Total 1 mark)

Q29.
A non-uniform sign is 0.80 m long and has a weight of 18 N
It is suspended from two vertical springs P and Q. The springs obey Hooke’s law and the
spring constant of each spring is 240 N m–1

The top end of spring P is fixed and the top end of spring Q is adjusted until the sign is
horizontal and in equilibrium.

What is the extension of spring Q?

A 0.014 m

B 0.038 m

C 0.049 m

D 0.061 m

(Total 1 mark)

Q30.
Which row contains vector quantities only?

A acceleration mass

B displacement momentum

C energy force

D distance speed

(Total 1 mark)

Page 39 of 41
Q31.
A uniform picture is suspended from a string which passes over a smooth nail. The
tension in the string is T and the weight of the picture is 20 N.

What is T?

A 10 N

B 12 N

C 20 N

D 40 N

(Total 1 mark)

Q32.
An electric motor lifts a load of weight W through a vertical height h in time t. The potential
difference across the motor is V and the current in it is I.

What is the efficiency of the motor?

(Total 1 mark)

Q33.

Page 40 of 41
 A projectile is launched with a speed of 25 m s–1 at an angle of 35° to the horizontal, as
shown in the diagram.

Air resistance is negligible.

What is the time taken for the projectile to return to the ground?

A 1.5 s

B 2.1 s

C 2.9 s

D 4.2 s

(Total 1 mark)

Q34.
An object of mass m moves in a circle of radius r. It completes n revolutions every
second.

What is the kinetic energy of the object?

C 2mπ2n2r2

D 4mπ2n2r2

(Total 1 mark)

Page 41 of 41